Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep PDF
Preview Dreaming: An Introduction to the Science of Sleep
Dreaming An Introduction to the Science of Sleep J. Allan Hobson is Professor of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. He was the recipient of the Distinguished Scientist Award of the Sleep Research Society in 1988. His major research interests are the neurophysiological basis of the mind and behaviour; sleep and dreaming; and the history of neurology and psychiatry, with his most recent work focussing on the cognitive features and benefits of sleep. He is the author or co-author of many books, including: The Dreaming Brain (1988), Sleep (1995), Consciousness (1999), Dreaming as Delirium: How the brain goes out of its mind (1999), The Dream Drugstore (2001), and Out of its Mind: Psychiatry in Crisis (2001). Dreaming An Introduction to the Science of Sleep J. ALLAN HOBSON, MD OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Great Clarendon Street, Oxford 0X2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sao Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © J. Allan Hobson 2002 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published in hardback 2002 First published in paperback 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available ISBN 0--19-280482-0 1 3579 10 8642 Typeset by RefineCatch Ltd, Bungay, Suffolk Printed in Great Britain T.J. International Ltd., Padstow, Cornwall The research upon which this book is based was conducted in the author's laboratory at the Massachusetts Mental Health Centre when it was supported by grants for the NIH, NSF, NIDA, and the John T. and Catherine D. MacArthur Foundation. I thank my colleagues for their collaboration and Nicholas Tranquillo for help with the manuscript. v Introduction xi 1 What is dreaming? 1 2 Why did the analysis of dream content fail to become a science? 17 3 How is the brain activated in sleep? 35 4 Cells and molecules of the dreaming brain 53 5 Why dream? The functions of brain activation in sleep 71 6 Disorders of dreaming 88 7 Dreaming as delirium: sleep and mental illness 97 8 The new neuropsychology of dreaming 106 9 Dreaming, learning, and memory 119 10 Dream consciousness 133 11 The interpretation of dreams 147 Conclusion 158 Index 161 vii 1 Does everyone dream? 11 2 Can dreams foretell the future? 20 3 Do we dream in black and white or in colour? 43 4 Do animals dream? 57 5 When does dreaming start? 73 6 Do blind people see in their dreams? 116 7 Are dreams caused by indigestion? 126 8 What is lucid dreaming? 140 9 Are men's and women's dreams different? 151—2 viii
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