Drawing the Global Colour Line: White Men's Countries and the International Challenge of Racial Equality PDF
Preview Drawing the Global Colour Line: White Men's Countries and the International Challenge of Racial Equality
This page intentionally left blank Drawing the Global Colour Line In 1900 W. E. B. DuBois prophesied that the colour line would be the key problem of the twentieth-century and he later identified one ofitsmajordynamics:thenewreligionofwhitenessthatwassweeping theworld.Whereasmosthistorianshaveconfinedtheirstudiesofrace- relations to a national framework, this book offers a pioneering study of the transnational circulation of people and ideas, racial knowledge andtechnologiesthatunderpinnedtheconstructionofself-styledwhite men’scountriesfromSouthAfricatoNorthAmericaandAustralasia. Marilyn Lake and Henry Reynolds show how in the late nineteenth centuryandearlytwentiethcenturythesecountriesworkedinsolidar- itytoexcludethosetheydefinedasnot-white,actionsthatprovokeda longinternationalstruggleforracialequality.Theirfindingsmakeclear the centrality of struggles around mobility and sovereignty to modern formulationsofbothraceandhumanrights. marilyn lake holdsaPersonalChairintheSchoolofHistoricaland European Studies, LaTrobe University, Melbourne. Her publications includeGettingEqual:TheHistoryofAustralianFeminism(1999),Faith: FaithBandler,GentleActivist(2002)and,asco-editor,ConnectedWorlds: HistoryinTransnationalPerspective(2006). henry reynolds holdsaPersonalChairinHistoryandAboriginal StudiesattheUniversityofTasmania.Hispreviouspublicationsinclude TheOtherSideoftheFrontier(1981),WhyWeren’tWeTold?(2000)and TheLawoftheLand(2003). CriticalPerspectivesonEmpire Editors ProfessorCatherineHall UniversityCollegeLondon ProfessorMrinaliniSinha PennsylvaniaStateUniversity ProfessorKathleenWilson StateUniversityofNewYork,StonyBrook CriticalPerspectivesonEmpireisamajornewseriesofambitious,cross-disciplinary works in the emerging field of critical imperial studies. Books in the series will exploretheconnections,exchangesandmediationsattheheartofnationaland global histories, the contributions of local as well as metropolitan knowledge, and the flows of people, ideas and identities facilitated by colonial contact. To thatend,theserieswillnotonlyofferaspaceforoutstandingscholarsworking attheintersectionofseveraldisciplinestobringtowiderattentiontheimpactof theirwork;itwillalsotakealeadingroleinreconfiguringcontemporaryhistor- icalandcriticalknowledge,ofthepastandofourselves. Drawing the Global Colour Line White Men’s Countries and the International Challenge of Racial Equality Marilyn Lake LaTrobeUniversity,Melbourne and Henry Reynolds UniversityofTasmania CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB28RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521881180 © Marilyn Lake and Henry Reynolds 2008 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2008 ISBN-13 978-0-511-37738-9 eBook (EBL) ISBN-13 978-0-521-88118-0 hardback ISBN-13 978-0-521-70752-7 paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. For our children: Katherine and Jessica and John, Anna and Rebecca Contents Acknowledgments pageix Introduction 1 Part1 Modernmobilities 1 Thecomingman:Chinesemigrationtothegoldfields 15 Part2 Discursiveframeworks 2 TheAmericanCommonwealthandthe‘negroproblem’ 49 3 ‘Thedaywillcome’:CharlesPearson’sdisturbingprophecy 75 4 TheodoreRoosevelt’sre-assertionofracialvigour 95 5 Imperialbrotherhoodorwhite?GandhiinSouthAfrica 114 Part3 Transnationalsolidarities 6 WhiteAustraliapointstheway 137 7 DefendingthePacificSlope 166 8 Whitetiesacrosstheocean:thePacifictouroftheUSfleet 190 9 TheUnionofSouthAfrica:whitemenreconcile 210 Part4 Challengeandconsolidation 10 Internationalconferences:cosmopolitanamityorracial enmity? 241 11 Japanesealienationandimperialambition 263 12 Racialequality?TheParisPeaceConference,1919 284 vii viii Contents 13 Immigrationrestrictioninthe1920s:‘segregationona largescale’ 310 Part5 Towardsuniversalhumanrights 14 Individualrightswithoutdistinction 335 Index 357
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