Dr Seydou B. TRAORE AGRHYMET Regional Center Niamey, Niger

65 Pages·2014·6.43 MB·French

Climate Data, Information and Knowled
for Agricultural Production, Water
Resources Management and Food
Security
Dr Seydou B. TRAORE
AGRHYMET Regional Center
Niamey, Niger
4th Conference on Climate Change and
Development in Africa
Outline
• Background information on CILSS and AGRHYMET
• The Impact of Climate on Agriculture, Food security
and Water Resources
• Climate data collection and analysis
• Climate information for Food Security Early Warning
• Some challenges
• Ongoing initiatives on climate data management,
production and dissemination
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(cid:137) CILSS: PPeerrmmaanneenntt IInntteerr--SSttaattee CCoommmmiitttteeee ffoorr DDrroouugghhtt CCoonnttrrooll iinn tthhee SSaahheell
Created in 1973 at the aftermath of the great Sahel drought
(cid:137) 13 member states :
Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad,
Côte d’Ivoire, The Gambia, Guinea,
Guinea Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger,
Senegal, Togo
3 sites
•The Executive Secretariat in Ouagadougou
(Policy issues)
•The AGRHYMET Regional Centre in Niamey
(Information and Training)
• The Sahel Institute (INSAH) in Bamako
(Research coordination)
Mandate: invest itself in research on food security and
combat the effects of drought and desertification for a new
ecological balance in the Sahel
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•• MMiissssiioonn : to contribute to achieving
sustainable food security and
rational natural resource
management through:
– Capacity building of member States
Meteorological and Hydrological offices (training,
equipment and financial support)
– Production and dissemination of information
to various decision makers (national authorities,
cooperation partners, NGOs and farmers)
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Data and
Information
Partners
Hydrology
ANALYSIS
Financial and
DIFFUSION
Technical
Meteorology
Agriculture TRAINING
assistance
Animal AGRHYMET
Husbandry Crop protection
Hydrology
DATA COLLECTION
Meteorology Agriculture
AND STORAGE
Countries
Animal
Crop protection
husbandry
Satellite Data
Ground Observation
Mauritanie
Cap-Vert Niger Tchad and Surveys Data
Mali
Senegal
Gambie
G.-Bissau Burkina
Guinee Benin
Extmenesmiobne rt oc oEuCnOtrWiesAS Sierra-LeonLeiberiaCote-d'IvoireGhanaTogo Nigeria
5
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Discipline
Instr. Maint.
Plant
Hydrolog
Degree AgroMet and TOTAL
y
Protection
Microcomp.
Technician 201 381 118 104 804
Engineers. 120 55 57 22 254
Sub Total 1 321 436 175 126 1058
Concert. Climate Sust. Food
Mgt of Crop & Sec.
Masters Change & Sust. Land Mgt
Natural Env. &
Resour. Sust. Dvpt Protect. Nutr
139
Sub Total 2 67 19 18 19 16
Grand total 1197
The Impact of Climate on Agriculture,
Food security and Water Resources
The Impact of Climate on Agriculture & Food Secu
• Climate is a « resource »
– Solar radiation and temperature determine what crop ca
be grown and where: potential primary production:
– Water availability (rainfall), together with nutrients and
cropping practices determine the attainable production
In this regard, statistical analyses of climate data can be
used for agricultural planning
Climate determine the different agro ecological zones on
earth (soils, animal and plant species
)
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Influence du climat sur l’agriculture
• Climate is also a « risk factor»
– Directs effects : droughts, floods, strong winds, colds,
seasonal variations (onset, cessation dates and distributio
of rains)
– Indirects effects (pests and diseases)
– Importance of natural variability than extremes !!!!
– Up to 80% of the variability of agricultural production can
attributed to the variability of climatic conditions
• a big difference among developed and non developed countries
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