Domesticating Neo-Liberalism: Spaces of Economic Practice and Social Reproduction in Post-Socialist Cities

316 Pages·2010·6.181 MB·English

by  Alison Stenning, Adrian Smith, Alena Rochovska, Dariusz Swia?tek(auth.)

Domesticating Neo-Liberalism
Domesticating Neo-Liberalism: Spaces of Economic Practice and Social Reproduction in Post-Socialist Cities
Alison Stenning, Adrian Smith, Alena Rochovská and Dariusz Świątek
© 2010 Alison Stenning, Adrian Smith, Alena Rochovská and Dariusz Świątek. ISBN: 978-1-405-16991-2
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Domesticating
Neo-Liberalism
Spaces of Economic Practice
and Social Reproduction
in Post-Socialist Cities
Alison Stenning, Adrian Smith,
´
Alena Rochovská and Dariusz Swia˛tek
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
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This edition fi rst published 2010
© 2010 Alison Stenning, Adrian Smith, Alena Rochovská and Dariusz S´wia˛tek
Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s
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Contents
List of Plates, Figures and Tables vi
Series Editor’s Preface ix
Preface and Acknowledgements x
1 Domesticating Neo-Liberalism and the Spaces of
Post-Socialism 1
2 Neo-Liberalism and Post-Socialist Transformations 33
3 Domesticating Economies: Diverse Economic Practices,
Households and Social Reproduction 58
4 Work: Employment, Unemployment and the Negotiation
of Labour Markets 81
5 Housing: Markets, Assets and Social Reproduction 112
6 Land and Food: Production, Consumption and Leisure 144
7 Care: Family, Social Networks and the State 175
8 Conclusions 219
Appendix I: Summary Information on Interviewed Households 238
Appendix II: Semi-Structured Interviews with Key Informants 250
Notes 258
Bibliography 267
Index 295
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Plates, Figures and Tables
PLATES
1.1 Haanova, Petržalka 22
1.2 Gessayova, Petržalka 23
1.3 Lúky-sever, Petržalka 24
1.4 Osiedle Willowe, Nowa Huta 24
1.5 Osiedle Górali, Nowa Huta 25
1.6 Osiedle Przy Arce, Nowa Huta 26
1.7 Osiedle Dywizjonu 303, Nowa Huta 27
1.8 Osiedle Os´wiecenia, Nowa Huta 28
4.1 A steelworker at Arcelor Mittal, Nowa Huta 88
5.1 New private housing development in Petržalka 118
5.2 Balcony renovations in Nowa Huta 130
6.1 Vegetable plot on an allotment in Nowa Huta 146
6.2 Workers’ allotment garden, Nowa Huta 147
6.3 Allotment garden and small cottage, Petržalka 147
6.4 Carrefour Hypermarket in Nowa Huta 163
6.5 Tomex, a market in Nowa Huta 166
7.1 Pensioners talk in Nowa Huta 202
7.2 Towarzystwo Solidarnej Pomocy (Mutual Assistance
Association), Nowa Huta 214
FIGURES
1.1 Income inequality in Central and Eastern Europe,
1989 and 2006 (Gini coefficient) 9
1.2 Map of Nowa Huta 14
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LIST OF PLATES, FIGURES AND TABLES vii
1.3 Map of Petržalka 15
2.1 State expenditure on social assistance for those in ‘material
deprivation’, Slovakia 1997–2004 54
3.1 The economy as iceberg 66
3.2 A diverse economy 67
4.1 Sectoral employment change, Bratislava and Kraków 87
4.2 Occupational profile of household members relative to
poverty risk levels, Petržalka and Nowa Huta 92
TABLES
1.1 Poverty risk in East Central Europe 8
1.2 Population of Nowa Huta, Kraków and Poland, 1950–2002 16
1.3 Population of Petržalka, Bratislava and Slovakia, 1950–2001 17
1.4 ‘Risk of poverty’ and social exclusion in Nowa Huta
and Petržalka 18
1.5 Surveyed neighbourhoods in Nowa Huta 20
1.6 Surveyed neighbourhoods in Petržalka 21
2.1 Flat tax rates on personal incomes in East Central Europe 52
4.1 Average monthly gross wages in Poland and Slovakia 83
4.2 Employment structure of households in Nowa Huta and
Petržalka relative to ‘at risk’ of poverty levels 91
4.3 Average equivalized monthly income for households with
different employment structures in Nowa Huta and Petržalka 93
4.4 Gender and occupational structure in Nowa Huta
and Petržalka 93
4.5 Average proportion of income derived from
various sources 98
5.1 Means of acquisition of current apartment, by income category 120
5.2 Tenure status of surveyed households 121
5.3 Average apartment prices in selected central European
cities, 2004 122
5.4 Average apartment sale prices in Petržalka and Nowa Huta 123
5.5 Surveyed neighbourhoods in Petržalka 123
5.6 Surveyed neighbourhoods in Nowa Huta 124
5.7 Total living space 125
5.8 Living space per person in Petržalka and Nowa Huta 126
5.9 Average proportion of household expenditure on housing
by income groups 139
6.1 Access to land by income categories 150
6.2 Gender of the main household members with responsibility
for working on land 151
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viii LIST OF PLATES, FIGURES AND TABLES
6.3 G enerational structure of household members working on
household plots 151
6.4 Primary purpose of having access to land 154
6.5 Average proportion of household expenditure on food,
leisure and savings 156
6.6 Average household provisioning of vegetables and fruit 156
6.7 Average proportion of household expenditure on various
items by income groups relative to median income 170
7.1 Household composition in Petržalka and Nowa Huta 180
7.2 Domestic work: gender of primary responsible
household member 183
7.3 Percentage of households engaging non-household members
in routine tasks 187
7.4 Frequency of family help 188
7.5 Help given and received from family, friends, neighbours,
colleagues and organizations 189
7.6 Households with some level of contact with neighbours, by
neighbourhood 203
7.7 Forms of neighbourly support 204
7.8 Average proportion of income derived from various sources 207
7.9 Households receiving state or local authority assistance in
previous 12 months 209
7.10 Households receiving school assistance in previous
12 months 209
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Series Editor’s Preface
The RGS-IBG Book Series only publishes work of the highest international
standing. Its emphasis is on distinctive new developments in human and
physical geography, although it is also open to contributions from cognate
disciplines whose interests overlap with those of geographers. The Series
places strong emphasis on theoretically informed and empirically strong
texts. Reflecting the vibrant and diverse theoretical and empirical agendas
that characterize the contemporary discipline, contributions are expected to
inform, challenge and stimulate the reader. Overall, the RGS-IBG Book
Series seeks to promote scholarly publications that leave an intellectual
mark and change the way readers think about particular issues, methods or
theories.
For details on how to submit a proposal please visit:
www.rgsbookseries.com.
Kevin Ward
University of Manchester, UK
Joanna Bullard
Loughborough University, UK
RGS-IBG Book Series Editors
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Preface and Acknowledgements
This book is the product of a research project funded by the UK’s Economic
and Social Research Council entitled Social Exclusion, Spaces of Household
Economic Practice and Post-Socialism (RES-00023-0695). This project has
generated a range of publications (many of which are listed in the bibliog-
raphy) and we have altered author order over this range of publications to
achieve some balance between the two primary investigators (Adrian Smith
and Alison Stenning). Domesticating Neo-Liberalism has been primarily writ-
ten jointly by Adrian and Alison, with very important input from Alena and
Dariusz in terms of data collection, analysis and interpretation. In that sense
it is very much a joint endeavour.
Research of the kind discussed in this book inevitably results in the accu-
mulation of a whole series of debts and gratitudes to those who so freely
gave of their time to allow us to develop the understandings discussed here.
We are first and foremost truly appreciative of the time and space that all of
our respondents and informants in Nowa Huta, Petržalka and beyond pro-
vided, often at times when they had many other pressures on their lives, as
we document in Domesticating Neo-Liberalism. The kindness shown by our
informants and respondents marks one of the key elements, as we note in
the book, of everyday life in Nowa Huta and Petržalka, namely a deep-
seated economy of generosity.
Throughout the timeframe of the research we benefited from the careful
and thoughtful comments of an advisory group who helped us in the design
and implementation of the research and our interpretation of the material
that was being generated. In particular, we would like to thank Bernardína
Bodnárová and Anton Michálek in Bratislava, Alena Ledeneva in London,
and Claire Wallace in Vienna and then Aberdeen. We are also grateful
to Paweł Buczkowicz, Karol Janas, Tomasz Padło, Małgorzata Sadowniczyk,
Anna S´wia˛tek and Beata Zawilska in Nowa Huta and Peter Brezovský,
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