Domestic Microgeneration: Renewable and Distributed Energy Technologies, Policies and Economics PDF
Preview Domestic Microgeneration: Renewable and Distributed Energy Technologies, Policies and Economics
Domestic Microgeneration Microgeneration – producing energy for the home, in the home – is a substantial improvement over the current centralised and detached energy model employed the world over. Domestic Microgeneration is the first in-depth reference work for this exciting and emerging field of energy generation. It provides detailed reviews of ten state-of-the-art technologies, including solar PV and thermal, micro- CHP and heat pumps, and considers them within the wider context of the home in which they are installed and the way that they are operated. Alongside the many successes, this book highlights the common pitfalls that beset the industry. It offers best-practice guidance on how they can be avoided by considering the complex linkages between technology, user, installer and government. This interdisciplinary work draws together the social, economic, political and environmental aspects of this very diverse energy ‘genre’ into a single must-have reference for academics and students of sustainability and energy- related subjects, industry professionals, policy makers and the growing number of energy-literate householders who are looking for ways to minimise their environmental footprint and their energy bills with microgeneration. Iain Staffell, Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, UK. Daniel J. L. Brett, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, UK. Nigel P. Brandon, Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, UK. Adam D. Hawkes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK. “Is the widespread belief that microgeneration is ‘a good thing’ well founded, or is it wishful thinking? How well does each microgeneration technology perform in practice? How cost effective is each technology, taking into account its embodied materials? This book does a great job of assembling the evidence and sorting the wheat from the chaff.” David J.C. MacKay FRS, Regius Professor of Engineering, University of Cambridge, UK; Former Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change; and author of Sustainable Energy — Without the Hot Air “Microgeneration could play a significant role in the mosaic of solutions to the problem of low-carbon heat. Its role in empowering energy consumers can also be overlooked. This book separates fact from prejudice and provides an evidence base that policymakers and anyone with an interest in the area can rely on.” Jim Skea CBE, RCUK Energy Strategy Fellow and Professor of Sustainable Energy, Imperial College London, UK, and author of Energy 2050: Making the Transition to a Secure Low-Carbon Energy System Domestic Microgeneration Renewable and distributed energy technologies, policies and economics Edited by Iain Staffell, Daniel J. L. Brett, Nigel P. Brandon and Adam D. Hawkes First published 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2015 Iain Staffell, Daniel J. L. Brett, Nigel P. Brandon and Adam D. Hawkes The right of the editors to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Domestic microgeneration : renewable and distributed energy technologies, policies, and economics / edited by Iain Staffell, Daniel J. L. Brett, Nigel P. Brandon, and Adam D. Hawkes. pages cm 1. Building-integrated photovoltaic systems. 2. Small power production facilities. I. Staffell, Iain. TK1087.D66 2015 621.31′213—dc23 2014046577 ISBN: 978-0-415-81041-8 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-315-69710-9 (ebk) Typeset in Goudy by Swales & Willis Ltd, Exeter, Devon, UK Contents List of figures List of tables List of contributors PART I Setting the scene 1 An introduction to microgeneration Daniel J. L. Brett and Iain Staffell 2 The residential energy sector Iain Staffell, Ian G. Hamilton and Richard Green 3 Cross-cutting issues for microgeneration Iain Staffell and Ian G. Hamilton PART II Microgeneration technologies 4 Biomass heating Richard Blanchard 5 Heat pumps Iain Staffell, Nick Kelly, Romain Petinot, Paul Tuohy and Daniel J. L. Brett 6 Solar thermal panels and insulated windows Tariq Muneer, Eulalia Jadraque Gago and Dominic Skeaping 7 Solar photovoltaic panels Christian N. Jardine 8 Micro-wind turbines for domestic applications David Infield and Iain Staffell 9 Micro-CHP engines Iain Staffell and Evgueniy Entchev 10 Fuel cell micro-CHP Iain Staffell, Mardit Matian, Daniel J. L. Brett, Nigel P. Brandon and Adam D. Hawkes PART III Wider technical, economic and environmental aspects 11 Integrating microgeneration into smart energy networks Nick Kelly, Maurizio Sasso, Giovanni Angrisani and Carlo Roselli 12 Market and policy influences Adam D. Hawkes and Richard Hanna 13 Life cycle assessment of four microgenerators: carbon footprints and payback times Stephen Allen, Marcelle McManus and Iain Staffell 14 Technical and economic modelling of microgeneration Nick Kelly, Adam D. Hawkes, Paul E. Dodds, Iain Staffell and Stefan Pfenninger 15 Conclusion: the future of microgeneration Nigel P. Brandon Index Figures 1.1 End uses for energy consumption in ten major countries 1.2 Sankey diagram depicting the flow of energy through the UK in 2010 1.3 Schematic of different types of microgeneration in a house 1.4 A Sankey diagram showing the flow of energy required to heat and power a typical house for a year using fuel cell-based micro-CHP 2.1 Average household electricity and heat consumption in selected countries 2.2 Typical heating and cooling requirements in London over the course of the year 2.3 Distribution of monthly energy demands measured in British houses with gas heating 2.4 A comparison of annual heating and cooling degree days in ten major cities 2.5 Modelled space heat consumption for a 120 m² detached house built to different standards 2.6 Climate-corrected annual residential primary energy consumption 2.7 Predicted and actual annual gas heating demand for English dwellings, relative to houses built around 1970 2.8 An electricity demand profile from an individual household recorded on a 1-minute time base 2.9 Energy demand profiles with dwelling and household influences 2.10 The share of fuels used for domestic heating in ten countries 2.11 Forty years of progression in fuel for domestic heating in the UK 2.12 Sankey diagram of energy supply to an average British house using a high-efficiency condensing gas boiler 2.13 The purchase price of condensing boilers in the UK
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