Table Of Content

JoanaGeraldi, ChristianThuesen, JosefOehmen, &Verena Stingl Doing Projects A NordicFlayvour to Managing Projects ekere fe)==) aereadyVW =“INANCE: 087 g c S I N sane) Se T LAN’ IOTIVATION Secon faite) IDEA TARGET RNality Ponca ____] po gee Peaecientmed hd |} Doing Projects ANordic Flavour to Managing Projects Joana Geraldi Christian Thuesen JosefOchmen VerenaSting] Engineering SystemsDivision ManagementEngineering Department Technical University ofDenmark DANISH STANDARDS Doingprojects.ANordicFlavourtoManagingProjects ©Copyright:DanishStandards Foundation2017 Reproductionnotpermittedwithoutspecialpermission. DsHandbook185:2017 ProjectnumberM321778 Editor:JenniBoerithsSondergaard Layout:JenniBoerithsSondergaard ISBN: 978-87-7193-076-4 ISBN: 978-87-7193-077-1 (PDF) ISSN0903-0484 Publishedby DanishStandards Foundation GéteborgPlads1 2150Nordhavn Denmark Phone:+45 39966101 E-mail: [email protected] Web:www.ds.dk ThisisaPOD-publication PrintedinDenmark. TheaimofthisbookistoprovidegeneralinformationabouttheuseofISO21500. Althoughtheauthorandpublisherhave madeeveryefforttoensurethatthe informa- tioninthisbookwas correctatpresstime,theauthorandpublisherdonotassumeand herebydisclaimanyliabilitytoanypartyforanyloss,damage,ordisruptioncausedby errorsoromissions, whethersuch errorsoromissions result from negligence,accident, oranyothercause. Table of Contents Acknowledgements. Preface. Why shouldyoureadthis book?... Overviewofthe book... Introductiontothe threemainelementsofthe book. 1.1 TheISO 21500standard 1.2. TheNordicflavourofmanagingprojects. 1.3 Perspectivesandconcept box... 14 Summary. Defininga project... 2.1 Projecthistory. 2.2. Therelevanceandomnipresence ofprojects... 2.3. Knowledge aboutprojects. 2.4 Whatdefines a project?.. 2.5. Thenominalistview: A projectiswhatwe calla project. 2.6. Therealistview:Theclassicdefinitionofaproject... 2.7. Seminaldefinitionsofprojectandprojectmanagement froma task perspective. 2.8 Commoncharacteristics. 2.9 Projectlifecycle. 2.10Projects,programmes,andportfolios.... 2.11 Summary. Context forprojects. 3.1. Importance ofcontext..... 3.2 Definingandactingonthecontext. 3.3. Temporalcontext Doing Projects 3.4 Organisationalcontext. 3.5 Externalcontext. 3.6 RelationshiptoISO 21501 3.8 The Nordicflavour ofcontext... Purpose 4.1 Illustratio 4.2 Introduction 4.3. Key challenges andcommonmistakes 4.4 Howtodoit?. 4.5 TheRelationshipto ISO 21500... 4.6 The Nordicflavour ofpurpose... 4.7 Summary: Purposeperspectiveinshort... People 5.1 Ilustration 5.2 Introduction 5.3. Key challenges andcommonmistakes... 5.4 Howtodoit?. 5.5. Relationshiptothe ISO 21500 Standard. 5.6 The Nordicflavour ofpeople... 5.7 Summary: Thepeople perspectivein short... Complexity. 6.1 Ilustration.... 6.2 Introduction 6.3. Key challenges andcommonmistakes... 6.4 Howtodoit?. 6.5. Therelationshipto ISO21500... 6.6 The Nordicflavour ofcomplexity... 6.7 Summary: Thecomplexityperspective in short. Uncertainty... 7.1 Mlustration 129 7.2. Introduction .. 130 7.3. Keychallenges andcommonmistakes 133 7.4 Howtodoit. 136 7.5 Therelationshipto ISO 21500... 141 7.6 TheNordicflavourofuncertainty 147 7.7 Summary:TheUncertaintyperspectivein short... 148 Conclusion: Connectingthe dots References. Doing Projects Acknowledgements Thewriting ofthis bookcouldnothavebeenrealisedwithoutthe support andguidance ofvarious people. Primarily, wewishtothankthe Danish Standards Foundation(DS) forthe constructivecollaborationthroughoutthe process. Inparticular,weare grate- fulto Niels Falk,whocraftedtheidea ofanISO 21500certification process for our students and helpedus putitintoactionin collaborationfirstwithMarie GradertandsubsequentlywithAnders Linde. WealsowanttothankMette Juul Sandagerforthe supportinthe certification process and herearlyshaping of the bookthroughtheinvolvementofthe Danish ISO 21500workgroup. Today, morethan500studentshavepassedthe certification test.Thebook isthought ofasa companiontothiscertification,as well asa bookaboutproject manage- mentforthose,whoseekinspiration inregardstoalternativeprojectman- agementpractices. Furthermore, wewouldlike toextend ourthanks toJenni BoerithsSondergaard,who, aseditor,hassupported and shapedourideas and writingforthebookandhasbeenextremelyflexible in managingtime. AsidefromDS,wewouldlike toextendourthanks tothe 900+ students atThe Technical UniversityofDenmark(DTU) whohave followedthe coursein pro- jectmanagement(42430/42429)overthelasttwoyearsandhavebeen partof our experimentallearningpracticesthat havedevelopedthe platformforthe bookand provided feedbackdirectlyand indirectly. Doing Projects Inparticular,wewouldliketothankall ofour teachingassistantsoverthe past twoyearswhohaveshaped,challenged, and implementedtheideas ofthe bookinthelearningprocessesforthe students.Thisincludes Anders Systad, Amalie SkyttPetersen, TroelsAnkjzr, Cecilie Liitken, EbouTouray, RosaElisa- bethLindqvist, Kristine MariaClemmensen-Rotne,Vibeke HvidegaardPeter- sen,JonasHammer, Peter EgeskovLarsen, Sarah Terp,JoachimAndersen,and Marc Dose. Furthermore, wewouldlike tothanka specialgroupofteaching assistantswhohavehelpedinstructuringthecentraltopics ofthe standard. ‘This includesAnna MariaGreve (stakeholder,communication), CeciliaFernan- dez (time, costs, risk), MarinaCholakova (lifecyle, quality, risk), Rosa Elisabeth Lindqvist(resources), CecilieLiitken(scope). Furthermore,we wouldlike tothanktheparticipantsofthe ProjectinNet- works(PiN) programme fortheirdeconstructionofthe personalpracticesof managingprojectsandreflectionsonthe Scandinavian contextformanaging projects.Thishas provided invaluableinputinthe structuringofthe per- spectives (purpose, complexity, uncertaintyandpeople) andshapedwhatwe termedthe Nordicflavour ofmanagingprojects. ‘Throughoutthe writingprocess, severalpeople havegivenconstructive feed- backonvariousdrafts.Thisincludes Allan Kriiger-Jensen (BEC),JohnHolst (Siemens), and LarsRomerdahl (Prominds)whowerepartofanindustrial advisoryforDS.Furthermore, wewouldliketothankMartinTerp and Mikael Elkan fromFOAfor thevaluable commentsonthe firstdraftofthis book. special thanks goes tothe membersofthe Project,ProgrammeandPortfo- lio IndustrialAdvisory Council,a groupofseniormanagers in project-based organisations,who supportouractivitiesonproject, programmeandportfolio, and the developmentofthe ProjectLab.Thisincludes: Carsten Hallund Slot (Vestas),DavidGlazier (Ramboll), FlemmingLarsson (Novo Nordisk), Grant Sonne-Clifford(Rambgll),John Sommer(MTHolgaard),Jonas Richelsen Bro- ge(Radiometer), MarioArlt (ABB), PeterCarterLuke (Novo Nordisk), Teddy Frank(Metro), andVibekeVestergaard (IBM).Throughyouractiveengage- mentinourworkshops,youhaveprovidedus withpricelessinsightinto the practicesofdoing projects, and havebeen the sourceofsome oftheadvicewe expressinthisbook. ‘Theprojectofwritingthis bookhas beenstronglyconnected withotheractiv- itiesin the developmentandspreadofproject education across DTU.These activities,includingthisbook,havebeen supported andpartlyfundedbythe LearningLab,anorganisationresponsible forthe developmentofeducation practicesatDTU.Wewouldlike tothankthemfortheirsupport. Finally,wewouldliketothankourleaders andcolleagues at DTU,allowing us toinvest ourresources and providinga fruitfulcontextfordevelopingthis book. Whilemanyofthepoints in thisbookwereinspired bythe above-mentioned, weshould clarifythatthey arenot responsible forthe contentofthebook.The bookisthe resultofour developmentandcombination ofthevariousinputs wehavereceivedalongtheway~ and assuch,weare responsibleforits contents. Doing Projects