DOCUMENT RESUME Horrell, Muriel, Comp.; And Others A Survey of Race Relations in South ...

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DOCUMENT RESUME
UD 014 924
ED 104 982
Horrell, Muriel, Comp.; And Others
AUTHOR
A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa.
TITLE
South African Inst. of Race Relations,
INSTITUTION
Johannesburg.
Jan 75
PUB DATE
449p.; All of the footnotes to the subject matter of
NOTE
the document may not be legible on reproduction due
to the print size of the original document
South African Institute of Race Relations, P.O. Box
AVAILABLE FROM
97, Johannesburg, South Africa (Rand 6.00)
HC-$22.21 PLUS POSTAGE
MF-$0.76
EDRS PRICE
Activism; Educational Development; Educational
DESCRIPTORS
Policy; Employment Trends; Federa1 Legislation;
Government Role; Law Enforcement; *National Surveys;
*Politics; *Public Policl,; *Race Eelations; Racial
Discrimination; Racial St!gregation; Racism
*Union of South Africa
IDENTIFIERS
ABSTRACT
Sections of this annual report deal with the
following topics: political and constitutional developments--the
white population group, the colored population group, the Indian
of inquiry into
group; political affairs of Africans; commission
certain organizations and related matters; organizations concerned
for
with race relations; the population of South Africa; measures
security and the control of persons; control of media of
communication; justice; liberation movements; foreign affairs;
services and amenities for black people in urban areas; group areas
and housing: colored, Asian, and whitd population groups; urban
African administration; the Pass laws; the African hoL_lands;
employment; education: comparative statistics, Bantu school
education for
education, school education for colored pupils, school
vocational
Indians, school education for white pupils; technical and
education;
training: Africans, colored, Indians, whites; university
health;
student organizations; some bursary (scholarship) funds;
facililis;
social pensions; the arts, entertainment, and recreation
Legislation of 1974,
sp_rt; southwest Africa (Namibia); and,
Act,
including the Affected Organizations Act, Bantu Laws Amendment
Amendment Bill,
Bantu Transport Services Amendment Act, Liquor
Official Secrets Amendment Bill, and four others. (JM)
(-NJ
co
A SURVEY OF
RACE RELATIONS
ca
IN SOUTH AFRICA
onipiledb)
11ORRI.LI.
ASUR11..1
D1.I
HORNER
JANE HI DSON
Research staff
South At man Institute of Race R.I mons
ISBN 0 86982 103 2
U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH
EDUCATION A WELFARE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
EDUCATION
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AFRICAN
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P.O. BOX 97
JOHANNESBURG
JANUARY 1975
1(1: NONA LEDGENIENTS
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of this Std tot 11. readmg their inanust.ripts auh ntttsuduu,t.uc,,i wgesting
gii ing ialuedadi it.e ,ind entAiuragenient Mrs %lin lione)ii ill has
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and reliable arastame
Lhekrking the proofs 1 heir
more go. t.
hearted and dependabl.: support hi ery deepli appreLiated
(o della thanks are epiesed to %II Jei cm\ Grest, n hoLontributed parttil the
inanto.t.iipt and to \Irs Lille Hui,un. IA 110 bt.!)Ides at lung the seLtions on iLt.reation
a nuinKrot
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and sport,
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is due. too. to those
gratitude
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ho "mtributed 111101111.111011 or
,01/1111t.:Ikd oit p rt, 01 the m,uutunpt the\
I rs Marjorie Britten. the Re
John Ret.s. and Mrs Jean Siiklair
13i enda Isiaei. the
Brian
o%%u Mrs
Iniormation %%a, obtaini.d, too iiith the help of Members Oi Parliament of
ottruntent ind
p.uut,.
um\ ersities and other etint.ationar
instialt ions, the Mat. k Sash, tht. National Cotint.il 01 V. omen oi S \ , the S \ Medit.al
and Dental( ount.il.and the S \ Nursing( ount.il
\, in pre% loos ears, mut. h help iias green b the Irhtittite s
laitheii sand Mrs
I ,penal thanks are gii en to Mrs ( onnie
anti adminhai au\ e stall
kt.pt the Pres. Luttings anti iiorketIL tremel) hard and patit.ntl;
Rt.iiata
tohaie the
ping done In time
he %%Mei, arc appre,i,illie, too, of the Lo-operation mien b the printers. I he
Natal \\ [nt.'s( Pti tl td
N(YFE
to ha e it published
stated to he lor tbe )ear 1974
1 his .So it i
\ s
ar, hoiieier,
iiasimpo,sihle to iiklude mention ol ei ents that took
plat.t. during the lastlei iieek sof the ear
ill be done 'tithe ne
t hsue
1 Ins
\ 11 dates mentioned refer to the year 1974 unless ()them ise stated
Printed hr
WITNESS (I' TY ) LTD
244 Langmarket S;reel,
Pletermant:burg.
Natal
CONTENTS
Page
MUM.
noNai DEN ELOPMEN
POEM( Al, %ND( ONSI
PON 1 1110\ GRot P
Sessions of Parliament and of Provincial Councils
RaLial policies of political parties contesting the general election
Vational Party (1), United Party (2), Progressive Part) (4),
ilerstigte Aasionale Para (5), Democratic Part' (5), Smaller
group. (6)
Results of the elections'
House of A ssembly (6). Provincial Council) (7), The Senate (8)
Part) political events since the elections:
.Voional Party (8). LMted Partv (9), Progressive Party
I2
Verligte Action
1111 ( 01ot RED POPt 1.1IION ORM P
Views of the major Coloured political parties as expressed early in the
13
year
Proceedings of the session of the Coloured Persons' Representative
Comm! held in Jul)
13
,
. .
.
. . .
Opinions expressed by members of the Got ernment
16
Meeting of the Prime Minister and representatives of the Coloured
...... .
opposition parties
17
Offer made by Sir De Villiers Graaff
18
.........
.
. .
Meeting of the Prime Minister and an all-party Coloured delegation
18
Term of office of the C R.C.
19
. . . .
20
The Prime Minister's proposals for the future
20
Session of the Council held in November
20
Budget of the C R C
The Theron Commission ...........
21
21
I HE INDIAN (.Rol P
MIMIC M, AFFAIRS OF AFRICANS
Meeting of homeland leaders vi,ith the Prime Minister
Black People's Convention
OF Mit IRl INI0 CERIAIN ORGANISKIIONs AND
CONIMISSIo
RFIAIED MA 11 ERS
25
The background
Affected Organizations Act. No. 31 of 1974
25
The Schlebusch Commission's Final Report on Nusas
31
.
The Commission's Report on the Institute of Race Relations
36
.
Further reports by the Commission
39
Trials of persons who had refused to testify before the Commission
39
42
Trialsof persons connected with Ravan Press
ORD %NI/ MONS ONCERNFD 111TH RACE RELA IONS
World Council of Churches
43
44
All Africa Conference of Churches
S.A. Council of Churches'
General matters (45), Resolation on injustice in the S.A. society.
(46)
48
Christian League of Southern Africa
4
01
St 121
RI I
RA(.1
!IONS.
1
sr
1974
Page
Retormec, 1 clinteilical S\ nod and Dutch Reim med ( hurc hes
49
\trican Independent Churches
49
,
Institute 01 Race Relations
S
50
\\ omen's Orgamiations
50
iIll
1,01,1 I \floss 01
,,01 III
11111(
Sue and distribution
52
I anulies
5'
Religion
53
,
Immigr aion
53
\ iLll st.ttlstlis
54
54
Immoralit and nosed marriages
55
Population registration
5I1 \,,1 PP FOR s[( 1 R111
1 \D 1111 10\ !ROI OF 1'[11,,0\,.
\ otes for Seeuri
Defence. and Police
56
.
.
I nplo writ of Blacks in the Defence Force
56
Delence of the borders
57
. .
Defence I tallier Amendment \ et. No. 83 of 1974
57
,
Riotous \ ssc mbhes \ mendment Act. No 30 of 1974
62
.
.
Ciatherings that has e been prohibited
65
Restriction orders on persons
66
.
.
Banning orders that ma); he imposed b homeland
go eminent,
69
Banishment order
70
.
Remo\ al orders in the i ran het
A
.
I ra el documents
70
,
Prohibition of fomenting inter-group hostilit)
71
ti\ ittot 01 mt-Dt OF (O \l \lt \I( 010\
ction taken b the Publications Control Board
72
.
Publications \ cc. No 42 of 1974
73
.
.
ode of Conduct
mended Press
81
Drat t Official Secrets \ in,mdirent Bdl
83
.
sl
1.
Contras entions of the Lts
84
Criminal statistics
84
.
Death sentence,
85
.
Pi ',oilers hired out as farm labourers
86
.
Prison eduction
86
ssaults on prisoners
86
.
( rime in Sim ,:to. Johannesbuig
87
Conduct of the pollee
88
Detention and trials under the Securn Lass
90
Legal aid
92
Pro ent ion of crime
93
11111115110\ 5105[511\11
Aid receled from abroad
94
Rhodesia
Attacks on \A lute cis u,ans
95
C.0\11 \ IS
Page
Attacks On %Means
95
1 oruhed dlages
96
RoAards ()flexed for issisting the authorities
96
astialties in action
97
.
97
I rials of men %.%.ho %.%. ere captured
Part, politics in Rhodesia
97
Police ,era mg On the border
98
ti
Political eents in Portugal.
rhe old regime
98
99
\bortie re% Olt
. . . .
1 ake-oer of gos, ernment b) a mihtar. junta
00
00
PPonnment of ,1Pro`1`10nat go% eminent
ents in Moiambique
I Tilting prior to the coup on 25 April
01
Repercussions of the coup
03
.
Initial consideration of the future 01 the African territories
04
Intensified mihtar) action h) Frehmo
06
\ egotiations for a settlement
08
greement reached bemeen Portugal and Ireltmo
09
.....
.
it()
Reactions and rioting in Morambique
.......
Situation in Beira
.
Refugees from NI orambique
12
The nev. regime in %I orambique .....
12
()reign polio
13
sent, in Angola
13
I sent, in GumeaBissau
16
.......
U4 %Ins
1-ORE U.
'N.
General
18
. .
1 he l'mted Nations
18
\ato
21
International Moneta) Fund
orld Council of Churches
22
SS
.
Other international bodies
23
.
rica
Lesotho
Orgam:anon of Alrnan Lnal (126),
(,eneral ( I 23), 1 he
Zambia
nu://and (12_9), not, mow (130), Rhodes/a (132),
(127),
(135)Vigerta
t ohm! (134), M.:an:Inane and
Angola
(133),
(138), Seichelles (139)
Europe
sued hingdom (139), trance (141), The Setherhoulk (141),
(143). Norisai
of Getman( (142), Portugal
edet al
cden (143), I
rude huh oilier European countries (143)
(143),
Australasia
1u1traha (144), Veu Zealand (144)
he NI iddle Last.
Jordan (145), Lebanon (145), °the/ Arab ,Stites
/true!
(145),
(145)
Asia.
Japan (145). hdlg (147), Iran (147), Hong hon.' (147)
America
/he
muted States (147), Canada (150), Paraguay (150),
611)(1(150)
(150),
A SURVEY OF RACE RELATIONS,
1974
V1
Page
\ 1( FS 0.1)
ILS FOR III 1( h 1101'1
KB
112I- 1S
Abolition of certain racial restrictions in the u
ofpublic amenities
151
.
Black guests at hotels and licensed restaurants
153
\
tRi tS
Hot SIS(.
(320(
( Ot 01 RI-
1SI1N, NM) 1111IF I'OI't 1,1110`. WWI PS
Persons required to !nose in terms of the Gro.ip Areas ALt
56
Shortage and pros 'mon of housing
56
. .
. ,
....
Depreciation and appreciation contributions
57
Regional toss nsh Ts for Coloured people
58
Notes on group areas and housing in certain fossils
59
Transport services for Coloured p. Tie
63
Local gosernment in group areas
64
LKBS\ 11 KR
1I1(s.
111',ISI
Finances of Bantu Affairs Administration Boards
165
Some notes on housing for urban Africans
165
Rail transport services for urban commuters
168
Road transport sers ices
169
.
urban Bantu Councils
. 170
lilt P tsS I Ms
Prosecutions under the pass lass s
171
,
Production of rei crence hooks on demand
171
Aid centres
.
173
. .
.
.
.
Transit hostel in Johannesburg
173
.
Black Sash
174
The break-up of families
175
African farm ssorkers
175
Foreign Africans
175
......
(JSF12 11
\1 11"11
Taxation
177
.
.
.
.
. .
.
.
Bantu Affairs Commissioner's coups
177
Coloured cadets
178
Coloured Des elopment Corporation
178
.
Rural Coloured areas
180
%FRU SS 110'111. I 1s.1)8
1
Area of the homelands
181
Pleas by homeland leaders for more land
182
People removed from Black spots
183
Cuitenship of he homelands
183
,
The financing of the administration and development of the
homelands
185
.
Powers of homeland governments
189
the question of future Independence
189
.....
The Transkei
189
.
.
Ciskei
191
. .
.
aZulu
193
...
BophuthaTswana
195
Lebowa
198
.
( ( \ El \1S
vii
Page
coda
203
Gazankulu
204
204
13 as ot ho Qss asps a
205
Sssazi
205
\ debele
.
. 205
1 arming in the homela.1d,
Forestry
209
209
NI wing
Bantu I_ 'ss, Intendment Ac!. \o 70 of )974
. 210
Commerce and industry in the homeland,
. 20)
General
.
213
Commercial concern,
214
Industry
\ I
t wit ON \
. 220
Fhe economic situation
.
Foreign ins est mem in the S A economy
C ands/ Anisfdom (224). Dated States (226).
General (221).
tt etern Furope ( 228)
230
I he cost of Its tng
Minimum hs mg standards
231
.
,
\atal
Johannesburg Chamber of ( ononerce (232). C nitersitv
(232). Institute Jul Planning Research (233). Bureau of ,tIarket
Research (234)
. 234
Income les els and \ ages
Vsagc rqulat mg machinery
2.38
. .
. .
.
. .
industrial Councils (239), Conciliation Board Agreements acid
Arbitration A it and s (241), Huge Board (241)
Economically acti:e persons ,ald unemployment
. 244
.
.
registered
labour bureaus
(244). Non-Africans
African
r.
unemployed (245). African unemplot went (246). C'nemplorM,Y1
Insurance (246),
248
Resersation of ssork
254
Man pass cr. labour shortages, and traning
Immigration (257). rrannug (258). Apprentices (260)
Employ ment in the manufacturing industry
.
. .
.
General (262). The clothing industry (263). Testae industry
(264), Motor industry (266). Chemicals and Products (266). Iron.
ifetallurgical (267). Food (268). Other
Engineering,
Steel.
manufacturing industries (269)
The decentralization of industries
271
General (271), Incentives (271). Selected growth points (272).
Physical Planning Act (272). Progress m decentrah:od areas
(274), Industrial conciliation in border areas (275). Progress in
various border industrial areas (278)
Employ meat in agriculture
278
Mining
281
.
292
Construction
. .
294
Finance and commerce
300
Employ meat in the service of public authorities
(300). Homeland authorities (304).
Central government
Provincial administrations (304). Local authorities (305)
. 306
R ailss ay s. Harbours, and A irss ays Administration
.
. .
A SLIMLY
OF RACE
RELATIONS.
1974
Page
Department of Posts and 1 elegraphs
309
Domestic s%orkers
311
,
Other areas of employ iaent
( tutersthes (313). Churches (313). Vtarnet s (314). /he Press
(314). rent (lavers (314). Doeloorkets (314)
Trade unions
General (314).
/rude
iThean uade carton rI glus (317 1.
num
tit
Corurerl
(320).
S 1
and Lelumtlanal
11 orker s'
Set wet
Orgam:ations (321 ). /he International Labour Statement (324)
Strikes and M. ork stoppages
325
.
.
Bantu Labour Relations Regulation Act-
Genera/ (331). II arks and Idens in Commutees (332)
Bantu Labour Act and \ 1 asters and Ser ants Lass
336
1 orkmen's Compensation
337
.
Sheltered emploment
338
.
Fu( ( 1110\
( 01,11' 12 11 IS
1
National expenditure
339
Per capita costs
339
.
.
Standards of education achieked
340
li 1\11 '0 11)01 11)1 ( 1110\
Budgets of education authorities
341
Lxpendnure in 1972-3 and 1973.4
342
School buildings
343
Double sessions
344
Pupils
. 345
Medium of instruction
345
.
Text books and libraries
346
I. xammatton results
347
Special schools
348
Teachers
348
Student teachers
349
Adult education
350
.
Disturbances at schools
. 351
'(11(101 HA ( 1110 \ FOR (01O( RI-1) I'l NIS
Fmance
.352
. .
1
.
Gradual introduction of compulsory education
. 352
Double sessions
352
Pupils
353
. .
.
Lxamination results
353
Teachers
354
Adult education
354
I10\ I oR isan
st( 11001
Finance
354
Schools
3iC
Platoon s stem
355
Pupils
355
Lsanlination results
356
(0\ II \IS
is
Page
I eadlers
. 35n
Student teachers
157
education
358
"( 11001
I DI ( %II() \ I OH %%11111 1'1 NIS
II( 11\1( %I
%ND 5(1( 5110 \%I It %I\ 1\(.
I
%I HI(
% N.'
1 rade schools
159
Fechmeal secondary courses
.360
( ommercial secomiar courses
360
ocational training for girls
160
VIanced technical courses
361
Frade instructors
361
I raining Bureau
B I C
362
.
.
framing 01 factor> operati es
362
.
Industrial manual training
Departmental
centres
African
in
urban residential areas
. 363
. .
Pm ate industrial training centres
. 363
II ( 11\1( I I DI ( %HO\
( DI Ot H I D
I echnicall -orientated high school courses
364
ocat lona! schools
I rainees at
. 364
.
ion classes
Peninsula I ech ink al (_ ()liege and writ
364
MUM
,,,,,
Seamen
365
. .
.
( atering
365
tll1 ( MO\
INDINS II ( II\ I(
51
-orientated high school courses
365
(X.111011,111>
ational Technical Certificate
366
Sultan Technical College
. 366
NI
L
mini-":
%no
II ( 11\1( 51
Enrolment at colleges and institutes
367
Diplomas and certificates a% a ale('
367
5110\
I \I% I ItS111 11)1
Student enrolment
369
. .
Degrees and diplomas a%,IRIed
369
.
L'mtyersit} of the \' estern Cape
370
,
niersit of Durban -\k ests ille
172
African min ersities
372
',It
DI \ I OM. %NI/ %HON',
Sequel to student demonstrations in 1972
375
Students
National Union of S
375
Students' Organwation
. 377
S
%Inkaanse qudentebond
. 378
. .
It
\ DS
(S(
III 12-510
1101 %ItSIIII't
s0511
:;ome bursaries asarded by the State
379
.
Bursaries administered b) the Institute of Race Relations
380
Some other bursary funds
381
10