DNA evidence in the Australian legal system

348 Pages·2016·2.328 MB·English

by  (Research analyst) Marcus Smith

DNA Evidence in the Australian Legal
System
Marcus Smith
LLM (ANU), MPhil (Cambridge), PhD (ANU)
LexisNexis Butterworths
Australia
2016
LexisNexis
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National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry
Author: Smith, Marcus.
Title: DNA Evidence in the Australian Legal System.
ISBN: 9780409343267 (pbk).
9780409343274 (ebk).
Notes: Includes index.
Subjects: DNA finger printing — Law and legislation —
Australia. Evidence (Law) — Australia. Forensic
sciences — Australia. Criminal Justice,
Administration of

Dewey Number: 347.94035.
© 2016 Reed International Books Australia Pty Limited trading as
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List of Tables
Table 1.1 The Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium
Table 1.2 Allele number and possible genotypes for the nine
Profiler Plus markers
Table 1.3 Example random match probability calculation based on
three markers
Table 3.1 Permitted matching in Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) s 23YDAF
List of Figures
COLOR IMAGES ARE IN CHAPTER 1
Figure 1.1 The cell
Figure 1.2 The DNA double helix
Figure 1.3 Alleles
Figure 1.4 Polymerase chain reaction
Figure 1.5 Electropherogram results
Figure 1.6 DNA bands in an electrophoresis gel
Significant Cases
AUSTRALIAN
Aytugrul v The Queen (2012) 247 CLR 170; (2012) 286 ALR 441;
[2012] HCA 15 …. 1.57, 4.80, 4.81
Fitzgerald v The Queen (2014) 311 ALR 158; [2014] HCA 28 ….
2.72, 4.82, 4.83, 5.33, 5.34, 5.38
Forbes v The Queen [2010] HCA Trans 120 …. 4.80, 5.34
Hillier v R (2008) 1 ACTLR 235; [2008] ACTCA 3 …. 4.77
Murdoch v The Queen (2007) 167 A Crim R 329; [2007] NTCCA 1 ….
1.18, 1.54, 2.72, 4.70
R v Button QCA [2001] 133 …. 4.65, 4.69, 5.29
R v Jama (Unreported, Supreme Court of Victoria — Court of Appeal, 7
December 2009) …. 1.21, 4.73, 5.34
R v Jarrett (1994) 62 SASR 443; (1994) 73 A Crim R 160 …. 4.34,
4.54
R v Karger [2002] SASC 294 …. 1.16, 4.14, 4.61
R v Lisoff [1999] NSWCCA 364 …. 4.67
R v Lucas [1992] 2VR 109; (1991) 55 A Crim R 361 …. 4.34, 4.51
R v Milat (1996) 87 A Crim R 446 …. 4.58
R v Pantoja (1996) 88 A Crim R 554; [1998] NSWSC 565 …. 4.56,
4.57
R v Sing (2002) 54 NSWLR 31 …. 4.65, 4.102
R v Tran (1990) 50 A Crim R 233 …. 4.34, 4.50
The Queen v Hillier (2007) 228 CLR 618; (2007) 233 ALR 634;
[2007] HCA 13 …. 2.74, 4.77
NEW ZEALAND
Police v Reekers HC Auckland CRI-2008-404-0221 …. 4.84
UNITED KINGDOM
Doheny and Adams v The Queen [1997] 1 Cr App R 369 …. 4.39,
4.92
R v Adams [1996] 2 Cr App R 467 …. 4.42, 4.93
R v Harman (2003, Unreported, United Kingdom) …. 4.94
S and Marper v United Kingdom [2008] ECHR 1581 …. 2.36, 3.26,
3.33, 4.95
UNITED STATES
Andrews v State 533 So 2d 841 (Fla. App. 1988) …. 1.14, 4.87
Ex parte Perry WL 84132 (Ala 19 April 1991) …. 4.89
People v Castro 545 NYS 2d 985 (NY1989) WL 84132 (Ala 19 April
1991) …. 1.14, 4.88, 5.40
Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Significant Cases
Chapter 1 Scientific Foundation
Overview
Historical Development of DNA Profiling
Scientific Development
Legal Recognition
Scientific Background on Biological Material
Cellular Biology
Molecular Biology
Genetics
Scientific Basis of DNA Profiling
Collection and Extraction of DNA
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Short Tandem Repeat Analysis
DNA Separation and Detection
Low Copy Number DNA Analysis
Y Chromosome STR Analysis
Mitochondrial DNA Analysis
Phenotyping and Future Developments
Mathematical Basis of DNA Profiling
Probability
Statistics
Population Genetics
Scientific Knowledge
Deduction, Induction and Empiricism
Falsification
Scientific Advancement
The Limitations of Science
Genetic Information
Science and Law
Chapter 2 Collection, Testing and Management of Forensic
Biological Material
Overview
Fundamental Issues
Ownership Rights
Privacy Considerations
Forensic Procedures Legislation
Australia
Harmonisation
Commonwealth Legislation
Procedural Issues
United Kingdom
United States
Other Countries
Sample Collection
Volunteer Consent
Crime Scene Samples
Non-Consensual Samples
Overseas