Disorders oft he Shoulder Diagnosis and Management: Shoulder Trauma THIRD EDITION VOLUME 3 Disorders oft he Shoulder Diagnosis anti Managemmt: Shoulder Trauma TH IRD EDITI ON VOWII! !DII'OI ..... -.. Jos•ph D. Zuck•nnan, MD -- ~--~ --· -~- ....C Mt.wfllllallfW.Irill Pruf8810rlnd 0\aiman - ()gpamn"'tof Or!MpBBdie &irgal'{ Now Yort Unlvellitv Hotpitulltir Joint Dil(laee.! 1-II.WIIIIo-.lr• •D Now Yort Unlvellitvl.a19J,. Moclcal c.rte< _.... .I Ha. .. .._, ,. Naw Yort. NIIN YD!t ,-ll.!J.I.W...I_'I"I"I,W·_='d·. ~.... ~ EDITID ...,.,It, ..... .. .................. ............. ~~. ........... ~ -- ~ a..l.nii:Mit..Qiillpcf ...... ...~...... ·~~~· a ~b!rs Kluwer llippinc.ott Williams & Wilkins -----·-·r• r!.t' 'I'AI•' ft':ww·-~·~ Acquisitirms Ediror: Brian Brown Product Manager: Dave Murphy Producti011 Manag~: David Saltzberg Mark~ting Mllnllg~r: Lisa Zok.s Manufocturing Manag": Beth Welsh Design Manager: Stephen Druding Producti011 Services: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Prinur: RR Donnelley Asia © 2014 by Lippincott Williams &. Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer Business Second edition © 2007 by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins First edition © 1999 by Lippincott Williams &. Wilkins 35 1 West Camden Street Two Commerce Square Baltimore, MD 21201 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA Printed in China All rights res~ This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams&. Wilkins at 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via website at lww.com (products and services). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publialtion Data Disorders of the shoulder: diagnosis &. management. - Third edition. P· ;em. Preceded by; Disorders of the shoulder I editors, Joseph P. Iannotti, Gerald R. Williams Jr. 2nd ed. c2007. 2 v. (xii, 1364, 1-42 p.). Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4511-2745-4 (v. 1)-ISBN 978-1-4511-3058-4 (v. 2)-ISBN 978-1-4511-3057-7 (v. 3) I. Iannotti, Joseph P., editor of compilation. II. Williams, Gerald R., Jr., 1958· editor of compilation. ill. Miniaci, Anthony, editor of compilation. N. Zuckerman, Joseph D. Qoseph David), 1952· editor of compilation. [DNLM: 1. Shoulder-surgery. 2. Athletic lnjurie5---diagnosis. 3. Athletic Injuries-surgery. 4. Joint Diseases-diagnosis. 5. Joint Diseases-surgery. 6. Shoulder Joint-surgery. WE 810] RD557.5 G1 7.5 '72---dc23 2013020790 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy oft he information present and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug sdecrion and dosage set forth in this rext are in accordance with the current rerommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility oft he health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for we in their clinical practice. To purchase additional copies oft his book. call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 22~2300. Visit Lippincott Williams &. Wilkins on the Internet: http://www.lww.com. Lippincott Williams & Wdkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6:00 pm, EST. Dedication To my clinical and research colleagues, the students, residents, fellows, and my patients who together taught me all that I know about the shoulder and all that I will learn in the future. -joseph P. Iannotti To my parents Joe and Lina Miniaci, for the struggles, sacrifices, and risks that they endured to make a better life for their family. To my children Sara Lyn, Joseph, and Anthony, who have been a parent's dream and have always been there for me and shown an interest in what I did in my time away from home. And most of all to my wife Judy, my best friend and the love of my life; she has made anything we have ever accomplished possible. -Anthony Miniaci I would like to dedicate the third edition ofS houlder Disorders to my patients, teachers, and students-past, present, and future-without whom this book would not be possible. In addition, I would like to thank Joe Iannotti for his friendship and mentoring over the years. Thanks also to Joe Zuckerman and Tony Miniaci for joining us on this project-it is vastly better because of you. Thanks to Bob Hurley and staff at Lippincott who have pushed us to finish this project. Finally, I would like to thank my wife, Robin, and my two children, Mark and Alexis, for their love and understanding. -Gerald R Williams, Jr. To my wonderful family-to my truly special wife Janet and my outstanding sons Scott and Matthew-you have been and always will be the most important and meaningful parts of my life. -joseph D. Zuckerman CONTENTS oaa..t, n:1u • ., , 11t 8 N-on--opcz:diw Mmaa== o!Cbricle "''a .. F""""""' lllllbd•DI,T cc:hlllqua. A*Pe( ita• dl aadOutc.O.J.D. a lot ~All 1: 9 Op,...;..,M., __o !C.vido ~ Jlam,eql p~ 1 F""""""' llldlcadooo. T~ and Outc.oma I 18 1 Oinic:al ~ Imoti•g. aad lr/WwG....,ni..,_IO.I6::KII -O o·wH-!cn-i"D- of Pr-od.,.] Hwlac:nu 10 ComplicaDC>mo!ClmdoPrxn·= P~mua 3 Dlop ... aDd M•o.,.._ 135 .. r.I•J.J..,ft..blhfl till 2 No.....,,_u., J.bmpna~~: of:Pn.imal Hwlac:nu Pnclwco; lodlaodolll, Ptowolt, UldOu. ....... 16 PAIT Ill: .a-.1!:-... .......D .!- .. _ Sapa1at F&:ta~a Ul 3 o0fpl'nm> dlimedol!l! :HtiowaD. IcDtut. .~m.ll'iatio n 11 wl'f1 do=.,l.o;&l"a'rood Co"!o olcfaS .cIJa!p.oullaorw P!ornx, lom- f1t5 3 lndialdo-. Tech.niqua. Oua:omtr, aDd Compliaorio.. 26 "-J.IJw!r ...& t.N.Iilllt ~~.. ......r : __, ... 12 No~M~p<III!M: Mn. .: au:mofSctpoder 4 Pto.hctlc Manepmt ofp.. .. JmaJ Fon..m.comao.:.. Tndiari-T~ aad 167 Humcru. Fnaun:o 44 "-J.IME 1mtM.N.Uiit n..w.~n~M~nw.r- 5 a,llic Gloaolwma:.l DiJI.oc::otio,. :uod 13 Op,...;.., M"'"P"'-ofS capular •-t- r...a,p,. Fnmmo: Tndiori.., T~ ~" Pn..,n: IMII.cadoA, aadOu"'OOIIa 176 &Dei Oua:oala 58 'JiaiD'CDt, ,., A. C'oll-.! ~a. J. . 6 CompligdoDI ofl'to.iaul Humma Pom•- IMiuadOil aad Maaapaaot 73 -IIL--'I!IoiiA. ....... PAIT IYi ~All II: ~J.W.t lmjmia 2AIS Clalrlde ~-- '» 15 ~ Cinical E..l'llaliDD.lmops. 1 amdc p,.._ Epldcalo. Olalal aad Owl!ladoa of Aaomloclmc:talu _..,... .h..l.u..a doA, lm~ns. &Del O.-i6.:ario" 99 Joiot I.ojuria 2(11 .._. ..._ _.,._. ..J . ....- .. • CONTENTS 16 21 Non-operative Management Operative Management of Sternoclavicular of Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: Joint Injuries: Indications, Techniques, and Indications and Outcomes 218 Outcomes 260 Gregory Gi lot. Joshua Owens, and Amar Basavaraj Mu tnal Gregory l Altman and Sameer Jain 17 22 Operative Management of Complications of Sternoclavicular Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries: Joint Injuries 267 Indications, Techniques, and Gregory l Altman and Leah M. Schulte Outcomes 226 Andrew Rolcito, Todd A. Schubkegel, and David M. Epstein PART VI: 18 Complications of Acromioclavicular Fractures About the Shoulder Joint Injuries: Diagnosis and in Adolescents 271 Management 245 23 Robert Meislin Clavicle Fractures in the Adolescent Patient Diagnosis, Management, and Complications 273 PART V: David Feldman Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries 251 24 Proximal Humerus Fractures in the Adolescent Patient: Diagnosis, 19 Epidemiology, Clinical Evaluation, Imaging, Management, and Complications 281 and Classification of Sternoclavicular Joint Rachel Y. Goldstein, Alice Chu, and Norman Y. Otsuka Injuries 253 25 Scapular Fractures in the Adolescent Brian M. Schulz, Eric C. Makhni, and William N. Levine Patient: Diagnosis, Management, 20 Non-operative Management of and Complications 290 Sternoclavicular Joint Injuries: Indications, Rachel Y. Goldstein, Alice Chu, and Norman Y. Otsuka Techniques, and Outcomes 257 Brian M. Schulz, Eric C. Makhni, and William N. Levine Ind(X 301