Disability and Christian Theology Academy Series SERIES EDITOR Kimberly Rae Connor, University of San Francisco A Publication Series of The American Academy of Religion and Oxford University Press Gregory of Nyssa and the Concept of Divine Persons lucian turcescu Graham Greene’s Catholic Imagination mark bosco, s.j. Coming to the Edge of the Circle A Wiccan Initiation Ritual nikki bado-fralick The Ethics Of Animal Experimentation A Critical Analysis and Constructive Christian Proposal donna yarri Paul in Israel’s Story Self and Community at the Cross john l. meech Crossing the Ethnic Divide The Multiethnic Church on a Mission kathleen garces-foley God and the Victim Traumatic Intrusions on Grace and Freedom jennifer erin beste The Creative Suffering of the Triune God An Evolutionary Theology gloria l. schaab A Theology of Criticism Balthasar, Postmodernism, and the Catholic Imagination michael p. murphy Disability and Christian Theology Embodied Limits and Constructive Possibilities deborah beth creamer Disability and Christian Theology Embodied Limits and Constructive Possibilities deborah beth creamer 2009 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi K uala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore S outh Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2009 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Creamer, Deborah Beth. Disability and Christian theology : embodied limits and constructive possibilities / Deborah Beth Creamer. p. cm. — (Academy series) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-0-19-536915-1 1. Body, Human—Religious aspects—Christianity. 2. Disabilities— Religious aspects—Christianity. I. Title. BT741.3.C74 2009 261.8'324—dc22 2008017160 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To Del Brown, teacher and friend This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments This book proposes that human limits are unsurprising and that they are worthy of theological refl ection. Writing a book is itself an experi- ence in limits, where one faces unavoidable limits of time, sleep, and chocolate — as well as limits of knowledge and ability. It is only fi tting that I preface this book by acknowledging and thanking those who helped me understand and adapt to my own limits and who gave generously of themselves. This project is much larger than anything I would have been able to accomplish alone. Thank you to Sallie McFague and Joretta Marshall, who encour- aged me to pursue my interest in disability and religion as part of my master ’ s work, and to Delwin Brown, Sheila Davaney, Albert Hernández, and Frank Seeburger, who helped me develop these is- sues into the dissertation “ The Withered Hand of God: Disability and Theological Refl ection, ” upon which this book is based. Each made a substantial contribution not only to this project but also to my growth as a scholar. Special thanks to Sheila, an advisor in the best sense of the word, who helped map the way and who strengthened both the structure and content of my dissertation project. This work would not exist in its current form without the sup- port of Kimberly Rae Connor, editor of the AAR Academy Series, who guided me with care down the road from dissertation to book. I also wish to thank Oxford University Press, particularly Cynthia Read, Meechal Hoffman, and Jennifer Kowing, for their support of this project and their labor to bring it into being. I am grateful for viii acknowledgments the feedback of the anonymous reviewers (you know who you are!) as well as the non-anonymous folks— i ncluding Cathy Brown, Audrey Harris, Mary Olson, and Julie Todd— w ho willingly read and re-read my manuscript, helped me say more clearly what I meant, corrected the bibliographic citations, and developed the index. T he most extraordinary aspect of this process has been conversation. When- ever I have shared the ideas that follow— i n classes, conferences, churches, and informal settings— p eople have freely offered their stories in response and have joined with me in refl ecting on the diversity of our connections to disabil- ity and limits. Family, friends, acquaintances, and strangers, spread throughout the country and across a span of many years, are thus all contributors to this volume. Their conversational gifts immeasurably enrich this work. I am par- ticularly grateful to my friends, colleagues, and students at the Iliff School of Theology who have encouraged and joined this conversation on many levels and who have been unfaltering supporters of my scholarly and professional journey. Lastly, and foundational to the scope of this work, have been my dis- cussions with theorist and communication scholar Heidi Muller. These talks sparked a process of scholarship that continues today. For all my conversation partners, I am deeply grateful. Contents Introduction, 3 1. Understanding Disability, 13 2. Disability and Christianity, 35 3. Theology and the Disabled Body, 53 4. Liberation Theologies of Disability, 75 5. Limits and Disability Theology, 93 Conclusion: Embodied Limits and Constructive Possibilities, 115 Notes, 121 Bibliography, 135 Index, 153
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