Dionysos in Archaic Greece: An Understanding Through Images (Religions in the Graeco-Roman World)

383 Pages·2006·5.04 MB·German

by  Cornelia Isler-kerenyi

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Dionysos in Archaic Greece
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Religions in the
Graeco-Roman World
Editors
H.S. Versnel
D. Frankfurter
J. Hahn
VOLUME 160
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Dionysos in Archaic Greece
An Understanding through Images
by
Cornelia Isler-Kerényi
Translated by
Wilfred G.E. Watson
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2007
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This book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Isler-Kerényi, Cornelia.
[Dionysos nella Grecia arcaica. English]
Dionysos in archaic Greece : an understanding through images / by Cornelia
Isler-Kerényi.
p. cm. — (Religions in the Graeco-Roman world, ISSN 0927–7633 ; v. 160)
Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index.
ISBN-13: 978-90-04-14445-3
ISBN-10: 90-04-14445-5 (hardback)
1. Vase-painting, Greek—Themes, motives. 2. Vases, Black-figured—Greece—
Themes, motives. 3. Dionysus (Greek deity)—Art. I. Title.
NK4648.I8313 2007
738.3'820938—dc22
2006049191
ISSN 0927-7633
ISBN 90 04 14445 5
Original title: Dionysos nella Grecia arcaica: Il contributo delle
immagini.
© Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali (IEPI), Pisa, Roma, Italy.
English translation © 2007 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden,
The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints
Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form
or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or
otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted
by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to
The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive,
Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA.
Fees are subject to change.
printed in the netherlands
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CONTENTS
List of Figures ............................................................................ ix
Preface ........................................................................................ xvii
Abbreviations .............................................................................. xix
Introduction ................................................................................ 1
Chapter One. An iconography in process ...................................... 5
An image of Dionysos from the 7th century bce .............. 6
Characters of the Dionysian circle before 600 bce ............ 8
Dionysian characters in the animal frieze .......................... 10
Conclusion .............................................................................. 14
Chapter Two. Turning into a satyr: Small vases from the
first half of the 6th century BCE .................................................. 17
Corinthian unguent vases ...................................................... 18
A Corinthian mule-rider ........................................................ 24
Middle Corinthian symposium vases .................................... 27
Attic Komast cups .................................................................. 30
Grotesque dancers from Boeotia .......................................... 34
Attic Siana cups .................................................................... 40
The C Painter .................................................................... 41
The Heidelberg Painter .................................................... 43
Other Siana cups and a contemporary skyphos ................ 48
Laconian cups with Dionysian images ................................ 52
Dionysian subjects in Ionian pottery .................................... 57
Conclusion .............................................................................. 59
Chapter Three. Dionysos and the gods: Dinoi and kraters from the
first half of the 6th century BCE .................................................. 65
Early dancers and satyrs ........................................................ 65
Dionysos on the dinos by Sophilos ...................................... 69
Dionysos on the François krater .......................................... 75
The procession of the gods .............................................. 75
The return of Hephaistos .................................................. 80
The pursuit of Troilos .................................................. 81
The frieze with the mule-rider .................................... 82
Hephaistos ...................................................................... 89
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vi contents
Other Attic dinoi and kraters .............................................. 92
Corinthian kraters .................................................................. 99
Laconian symposium vases .................................................... 101
Ionian dinoi ............................................................................ 102
Conclusion .............................................................................. 102
Chapter Four. The thiasos of Dionysos: Amphorae and similar
vases of the 6th century BCE ........................................................ 107
The thiasos and the female companions of Dionysos ........ 110
Prototypical women ............................................................ 110
The mother of twins .......................................................... 117
Ariadne? .............................................................................. 121
Dionysian amphorae by Lydos ............................................ 125
Dionysian amphorae by the Amasis Painter ...................... 130
Dionysian dances ................................................................ 131
Dionysos among ephebes .................................................. 136
Contemporaries of the Amasis Painter ................................ 144
The Swing Painter ............................................................ 144
The Affecter ........................................................................ 146
Tyrrhenian amphorae ........................................................ 148
Conclusion .............................................................................. 153
Chapter Five. Dionysian happiness: Cups and other small vases
from the second half of the 6th century BCE .................................. 159
Little Masters cups ................................................................ 159
The cup by the Kallis Painter and its forerunners ............ 163
The eye cup by Exekias ........................................................ 171
The eyes .............................................................................. 172
The battle .......................................................................... 176
The inside of Exekias’ cup ................................................ 180
Dolphins, ships and the sea .......................................... 182
The vine .......................................................................... 185
Dionysos .......................................................................... 186
Cups by the Amasis Painter .................................................. 187
Phallic kylikes .......................................................................... 190
Figured aryballoi .................................................................... 193
Attic mastoi ............................................................................ 197
Head-kantharoi and Ionian Little Master cups .................. 200
Chalcidian eye cups .............................................................. 202
Conclusion .............................................................................. 206
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contents vii
Chapter Six. Dionysos in archaic Greek art: a summary ................ 209
A note on methodology ........................................................ 209
Dionysian iconography from the late 7th century to about
500 bce .............................................................................. 212
Iconography and history ........................................................ 217
Dionysian iconography in the first half of the 5th
century bce ........................................................................ 223
Dionysian figurations in archaic Greek sculpture .............. 225
Conclusion: Dionysos reconsidered ...................................... 231
Chapter Seven. Modern mythologies: “Dionysos” versus
“Apollo” .................................................................................... 235
Friedrich Nietzsche ................................................................ 235
Apollo and Dionysos in German Classical scholarship
before Nietzsche ................................................................ 238
Apollo and Dionysos in Classical scholarship after
Nietzsche ............................................................................ 244
Apollo and Dionysos today .................................................. 252
Works cited ................................................................................ 255
Index
Museums ................................................................................ 267
Vases following Beazley ........................................................ 274
Vases and other works following LIMC .............................. 277
Names ...................................................................................... 279
General .................................................................................... 283
Modern authors ...................................................................... 289
Figures
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LIST OF FIGURES
1. Cycladic krater. Melos, Archaeological Museum (JHS 22, 1902,
69 fig. 1).
2. Cycladic krater. Melos, Archaeological Museum (JHS 22, 1902,
pl. V).
3. Fragment of a geometric vase from Miletus (IM 9/10, 1959/60
pl. 60.2).
4. Protoattic krater. Formerly Berlin 31573 (A 32) (Photograph of
the museum).
5. Protoattic krater. Formerly Berlin 31573 (A 32) (Photograph of
the museum).
6. Protoattic amphora. New York, The Metropolitan Museum of
Art 11.210.1. Rogers Fund, 1911 (Photograph of the museum).
7. Protocorinthian aryballos. Brindisi 1669 (Atti e Memorie della
Società Magna Grecia 1964, 121 fig. 3).
8. Protocorinthian alabastron. Private coll. (Isler-Kerényi 1988, 273
fig. 3).
9. Fragment of a dinos from Vari. Athens. (AE 1970, 94).
10. Corinthian aryballos. Zürich, Archäologische Sammlung der
Universität 3505 (Photograph of the museum, Silvia Hertig).
11. Corinthian aryballos. Zürich, Archäologische Sammlung der
Universität 3505 (Photograph of the museum, Silvia Hertig).
12. Corinthian aryballos. Zürich, Archäologische Sammlung der
Universität 3505 (CV Zürich 1, Beil.13.1).
13. Corinthian amphoriskos. Athens, National Museum 664 (AM 19,
1894 pl. VIII)
14. Oversized Corinthian aryballos. Würzburg, M.v.Wagner Museum
der Universität L 100 (Photograph of the museum).
15. Oversized Corinthian aryballos. Würzburg, M.v.Wagner Museum
der Universität L 100 (Photograph of the museum).
16. Corinthian aryballos. Berlin, Staatliche Museen Preussischer
Kulturbesitz 4509 (Photograph of the museum).
17. Corinthian aryballos. Berlin, Staatliche Museen Preussischer
Kulturbesitz 4509 (Photograph of the museum).
18. Komast cup. Private collection, Switzerland. (Photograph Archäo-
logische Sammlung der Universität, Silvia Hertig)
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x list of figures
19. Siana cup. Göttingen, Archäologische Sammlung der Universität
549a (J.11) (Photograph of the museum, Stephan Eckardt).
20. Siana cup. Göttingen, Archäologische Sammlung der Universität
549a (J.11) (Photograph of the museum, Stephan Eckardt).
21. Boeotian tripod-pyxis. Dallas 1981, 170 (White Muscarella 1974,
no. 53).
22. Boeotian tripod-pyxis. Athens, National Museum 938 (Photograph
of the museum).
23. Boeotian kantharos. Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen und
Glyptothek 6010 (419) (Photograph of the museum, Neg. K1038).
24. Boeotian kantharos. Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen und
Glyptothek 6010 (419) (Photograph of the museum, Neg. K
1039).
25. Boeotian kantharos. Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen und
Glyptothek 6010 (419) (Photograph of the museum, Neg. K
1037).
26. Trick-vase. Berlin, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kulturbesitz
3366 (Photograph of the museum, Jutta Tietz Glagow).
27. Medallion of a Siana cup. Munich, Staatliche Antikensammlungen
und Glyptothek 7739 (Photograph of the museum, Neg. 1).
28. Medallion of a Siana cup. Paris, Louvre CA 576 (Photograph
of the museum, Cliché M. and P. Chuzeville).
29. Siana cup. Copenhagen, Nationalmuseet Antiksamlingen 5179
(Photograph of the museum, Neg. CV 250).
30. Siana cup. Copenhagen, Nationalmuseet Antiksamlingen 5179
(Photograph of the museum, Neg. D 2074).
31. Merrythought cup. Berlin, Staatliche Museen Preussischer Kul-
turbesitz 3151 (Photograph of the museum, Ingrid Geske).
32. Laconian cup from Lavinium (Castagnoli 1975, 365).
33. Dinos. Athens, Agora P 334 (Photograph Agora Excavations,
Gerasim Plaka).
34. Dinos. Athens, Agora P 334 (Photograph Agora Excavations,
Gerasim Plaka).
35. Belly lekythos. Buffalo (NY), Albright-Knox Art Gallery G 600,
Charles W. Goodyear Fund, 1933 (Photograph of the museum).
36. Belly lekythos. Buffalo (NY), Albright-Knox Art Gallery G 600,
Charles W. Goodyear Fund, 1933 (Photograph of the museum).
37. Fragment of a dinos (?) (Atlantis Antiquities 1988, 55 fig. 48).
38. Dinos by Sophilos. London, British Museum 1971. 11–1.1 (Photo-
graph of the museum).