Dinosaur & Other Prehistoric Creatures Atlas By DK

82 MB·English

by  dinosaur-other-prehistoric-creatures-atlas-by-dk

S
SECOND EDITION
Senior editor Carron Brown T
Senior art editor Rachael Grady
Senior cartographic editor Simon Mumford
Designer Chrissy Barnard
Production editor Andy Hilliard
Production controller Samantha Cross
Jacket designer Juhi Sheth
Jacket DTP designer Rakesh Kumar N Rise of the
FIRST EDITION
Senior editor Ashwin Khurana dinosaurs
Senior art editors Rachael Grady, Stefan Podhorodecki
SS MM II TT HH SS OO NN II AA NN US editor Kayla Dugger US executive editor Lori Hand
Senior cartographic editor Simon Mumford Timeline of Earth 8
Editors Ann Baggaley, Chris Hawkes, Sarah MacLeod
E
Designers Chrissy Barnard, David Ball, Angela Ball Early life 10
Illustrators James Kuether, Adam Benton,
Stuart Jackson-Carter, Peter Minister, Simon Mumford Triassic world 12
DDIINNOOSSAAUURR Creative retouching Steve Crozier, Stefan Podhorodecki
Paleogeography maps Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. Jurassic world 14
Jacket editor Emma Dawson Jacket designer Surabhi Wadha
Jacket design development manager Sophia MTT T
Cretaceous world 16
Picture researcher Deepak Negi
Senior producer, pre-production Andy Hilliard
What is a dinosaur? 18
Senior producer Mary Slater
Managing editor Francesca Baines
Managing art editor Philip Letsu
Publisher Andrew Macintyre
Associate publishing director Liz Wheeler N
Art director Karen Self
Publishing director Jonathan Metcalf
&& OOTTHHEERR PPRREEHHIISSTTOORRIICC CCRREEAATTUURREESS
This American Edition, 2021
First American Edition, 2019
Published in the United States by DK Publishing
1450 Broadway, Suite 801, New York, NY 10018
AATTLL AASS O
Copyright © 2019, 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited
DK, a Division of Penguin Random House LLC
21 22 23 24 25 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 North America
001–323193–Sep/2021
All rights reserved.
Coelophysis 22
Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this C
publication may be reproduced, stored in, or introduced into a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, Stegosaurus 24
recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. Three against one 26
A catalog record for this book is Allosaurus 28
available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-7440-3547-6 Ceratosaurus 30
DK books are available at special discounts Diplodocus 32
when purchased in bulk for sales promotions,
premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. Yutyrannus Corythosaurus 34
For details, contact: DK Publishing Special Markets,
1450 Broadway, Suite 801, New York, NY 10018 Albertosaurus 36
[email protected]
Ankylosaurus 38
Printed and bound in UAE
Tyrannosaurus 40
www.dk.com Daylight attack 42
Triceratops 44
Pachycephalosaurus 46
Fossil finds 48
This book was made with Forest Stewardship
Council ™ certified paper—one small step in
DK’s commitment to a sustainable future.
For more information go to
www.dk.com/our-green-pledge
THE SMITHSONIAN
Established in 1846, the Smithsonian—the world’s largest museum and research
Written by Chris Barker and Darren Naish complex—includes 19 museums and galleries and the National Zoological Park. The
total number of artifacts, works of art, and specimens in the Smithsonian’s collection is Coelophysis
Consultant Darren Naish estimated at 156 million. The Smithsonian is a renowned research center, dedicated to
public education; national service; and scholarship in the arts, sciences, and history.
UUSS__000011__332233119933__HHaallff__ttiittllee..iinndddd 11 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522 UUSS__000022--000033__332233119933__IImmpprriinntt__CCoonntteennttss..iinndddd 22 2288//0055//22002211 0099::0033
S
SECOND EDITION
Senior editor Carron Brown T
Senior art editor Rachael Grady
Senior cartographic editor Simon Mumford
Designer Chrissy Barnard
Production editor Andy Hilliard
Production controller Samantha Cross
Jacket designer Juhi Sheth
Jacket DTP designer Rakesh Kumar N Rise of the
FIRST EDITION
Senior editor Ashwin Khurana dinosaurs
Senior art editors Rachael Grady, Stefan Podhorodecki
SS MM II TT HH SS OO NN II AA NN US editor Kayla Dugger US executive editor Lori Hand
Senior cartographic editor Simon Mumford Timeline of Earth 8
Editors Ann Baggaley, Chris Hawkes, Sarah MacLeod
E
Designers Chrissy Barnard, David Ball, Angela Ball Early life 10
Illustrators James Kuether, Adam Benton,
Stuart Jackson-Carter, Peter Minister, Simon Mumford Triassic world 12
DDIINNOOSSAAUURR Creative retouching Steve Crozier, Stefan Podhorodecki
Paleogeography maps Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc. Jurassic world 14
Jacket editor Emma Dawson Jacket designer Surabhi Wadha
Jacket design development manager Sophia MTT T
Cretaceous world 16
Picture researcher Deepak Negi
Senior producer, pre-production Andy Hilliard
What is a dinosaur? 18
Senior producer Mary Slater
Managing editor Francesca Baines
Managing art editor Philip Letsu
Publisher Andrew Macintyre
Associate publishing director Liz Wheeler N
Art director Karen Self
Publishing director Jonathan Metcalf
&& OOTTHHEERR PPRREEHHIISSTTOORRIICC CCRREEAATTUURREESS
This American Edition, 2021
First American Edition, 2019
Published in the United States by DK Publishing
1450 Broadway, Suite 801, New York, NY 10018
AATTLL AASS O
Copyright © 2019, 2021 Dorling Kindersley Limited
DK, a Division of Penguin Random House LLC
21 22 23 24 25 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 North America
001–323193–Sep/2021
All rights reserved.
Coelophysis 22
Without limiting the rights under the copyright reserved above, no part of this C
publication may be reproduced, stored in, or introduced into a retrieval system,
or transmitted, in any form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, Stegosaurus 24
recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.
Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited. Three against one 26
A catalog record for this book is Allosaurus 28
available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-0-7440-3547-6 Ceratosaurus 30
DK books are available at special discounts Diplodocus 32
when purchased in bulk for sales promotions,
premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. Yutyrannus Corythosaurus 34
For details, contact: DK Publishing Special Markets,
1450 Broadway, Suite 801, New York, NY 10018 Albertosaurus 36
[email protected]
Ankylosaurus 38
Printed and bound in UAE
Tyrannosaurus 40
www.dk.com Daylight attack 42
Triceratops 44
Pachycephalosaurus 46
Fossil finds 48
This book was made with Forest Stewardship
Council ™ certified paper—one small step in
DK’s commitment to a sustainable future.
For more information go to
www.dk.com/our-green-pledge
THE SMITHSONIAN
Established in 1846, the Smithsonian—the world’s largest museum and research
Written by Chris Barker and Darren Naish complex—includes 19 museums and galleries and the National Zoological Park. The
total number of artifacts, works of art, and specimens in the Smithsonian’s collection is Coelophysis
Consultant Darren Naish estimated at 156 million. The Smithsonian is a renowned research center, dedicated to
public education; national service; and scholarship in the arts, sciences, and history.
UUSS__000011__332233119933__HHaallff__ttiittllee..iinndddd 11 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522 UUSS__000022--000033__332233119933__IImmpprriinntt__CCoonntteennttss..iinndddd 22 2288//0055//22002211 0099::0033
Foreword
My adventures as a paleontologist have taken Wild animals today live in specific areas,
South America Africa Australia and me to many exciting places at home, in the UK, known as “ranges,” which provide them
and abroad, and led to the discovery of new with what they need to survive. Imagine
Herrerasaurus 52 Mesosaurus 92 Antarctica
species. Working with teams of colleagues, a forest-dwelling, fruit-eating animal
Chilesaurus 54 Lystrosaurus 94
I named the new dinosaurs Eotyrannus, such as an orangutan. It cannot live
Cryolophosaurus 122
Giganotosaurus 56 Giraffatitan 96
Xenoposeidon, Mirischia, and Vectaerovenator, anywhere but in a forest, and that must
A welcome discovery 124
Fighting it out 58 Spinosaurus 98
and the pterosaurs Vectidraco and Eurazhdarcho. be a forest with the right kind of fruit
Muttaburrasaurus 126
Argentinosaurus 60 A fish dinner 100
One of the things that interests me most about trees. Some animals still live in the
Leaellynasaura 128
Carnotaurus 62 Fossil finds 102
dinosaurs, giant marine reptiles, and other ancient lands of their ancestors, while others
Fossil finds 130
Fossil finds 64
animals is that every one of them has a unique have broadened their range, driven
history, just as animals do today. by factors such as climate and the
slow shift of continents. In some
In this book, you’ll meet a huge variety of creatures cases, animals can discover new
that lived on our planet in the prehistoric past, habitats by swimming or flying.
mostly during the “age of the dinosaurs,” around
235–66 million years ago. The stories about them How our planet changed over millions of years,
here focus on where animals and how animals adapted to those changes,
Europe Asia After the
once lived and what this are exciting ideas. Exploring
can tell us about them. them will help us to
Plateosaurus 68 Shunosaurus 106 dinosaurs
Muddy swamps 70 Psittacosaurus 108
Titanoboa 134
Ophthalmosaurus 72 Yutyrannus 110
Gastornis 136
Archaeopteryx 74 Surprise attack 112
Basilosaurus 138
Iguanodon 76 Microraptor 114
Smilodon 140
Baryonyx 78 Velociraptor 116
Woolly mammoth 142
Polacanthus 80 Fossil finds 118
Hunting in the grasslands 144
Pelecanimimus 82
Varanus priscus 146
Hatzegopteryx 84
Today’s catch 86
Fossil finds 88
Hatzegopteryx
Polacanthus
Reference
Fossilization 150
Early fossils and hunters 152
Mass extinctions 154
Glossary 156
Index 158
Giraffatitan Acknowledgments 160
UUSS__000022--000033__332233119933__IImmpprriinntt__CCoonntteennttss..iinndddd 33 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5588 UUSS__000044--000055__332233119933__FFoorreewwoorrdd..iinndddd 44 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522
Foreword
My adventures as a paleontologist have taken Wild animals today live in specific areas,
South America Africa Australia and me to many exciting places at home, in the UK, known as “ranges,” which provide them
and abroad, and led to the discovery of new with what they need to survive. Imagine
Herrerasaurus 52 Mesosaurus 92 Antarctica
species. Working with teams of colleagues, a forest-dwelling, fruit-eating animal
Chilesaurus 54 Lystrosaurus 94
I named the new dinosaurs Eotyrannus, such as an orangutan. It cannot live
Cryolophosaurus 122
Giganotosaurus 56 Giraffatitan 96
Xenoposeidon, Mirischia, and Vectaerovenator, anywhere but in a forest, and that must
A welcome discovery 124
Fighting it out 58 Spinosaurus 98
and the pterosaurs Vectidraco and Eurazhdarcho. be a forest with the right kind of fruit
Muttaburrasaurus 126
Argentinosaurus 60 A fish dinner 100
One of the things that interests me most about trees. Some animals still live in the
Leaellynasaura 128
Carnotaurus 62 Fossil finds 102
dinosaurs, giant marine reptiles, and other ancient lands of their ancestors, while others
Fossil finds 130
Fossil finds 64
animals is that every one of them has a unique have broadened their range, driven
history, just as animals do today. by factors such as climate and the
slow shift of continents. In some
In this book, you’ll meet a huge variety of creatures cases, animals can discover new
that lived on our planet in the prehistoric past, habitats by swimming or flying.
mostly during the “age of the dinosaurs,” around
235–66 million years ago. The stories about them How our planet changed over millions of years,
here focus on where animals and how animals adapted to those changes,
Europe Asia After the
once lived and what this are exciting ideas. Exploring
can tell us about them. them will help us to
Plateosaurus 68 Shunosaurus 106 dinosaurs
Muddy swamps 70 Psittacosaurus 108
Titanoboa 134
Ophthalmosaurus 72 Yutyrannus 110
Gastornis 136
Archaeopteryx 74 Surprise attack 112
Basilosaurus 138
Iguanodon 76 Microraptor 114
Smilodon 140
Baryonyx 78 Velociraptor 116
Woolly mammoth 142
Polacanthus 80 Fossil finds 118
Hunting in the grasslands 144
Pelecanimimus 82
Varanus priscus 146
Hatzegopteryx 84
Today’s catch 86
Fossil finds 88
Hatzegopteryx
Polacanthus
Reference
Fossilization 150
Early fossils and hunters 152
Mass extinctions 154
Glossary 156
Index 158
Giraffatitan Acknowledgments 160
UUSS__000022--000033__332233119933__IImmpprriinntt__CCoonntteennttss..iinndddd 33 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5588 UUSS__000044--000055__332233119933__FFoorreewwoorrdd..iinndddd 44 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522
Understanding the locator globes
Earth’s landmasses have changed over time, so
alongside every main map showing when and where
the prehistoric animal lived, you will also find a globe
to show you this area relative to modern-day Earth.

picture prehistoric
species as the living ATLANTIC
OCEAN
animals they once were. PACIFIC
OCEAN
Using the latest and most up-to-date maps, INDIAN
OCEAN
this book shows the ranges ancient animals
might have had, and what the world looked
like when they were alive. In many cases, our
The first layer is the modern-day map of Earth,
knowledge is incomplete, and the true ranges of
outlining three major oceans.
these animals have yet to be properly discovered.
I hope that this book inspires you to be
interested in Earth’s fascinating prehistoric
past and perhaps to make scientific discoveries
yourself if you’re lucky enough to have
the opportunity.
Dr. Darren Naish
This second, light-green layer shows what Earth’s landmass would
have looked like when the profiled animal lived.
The third, dark-green layer represents the specific region shown
in the larger map featured on the pages.
The final layer in red locates the roaming range of the profiled
animal, as reflected on the larger map.
UUSS__000044--000055__332233119933__FFoorreewwoorrdd..iinndddd 55 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522 UUSS__000066--000077__332233119933__OOppeenneerr__RRiissee__DDiinnooss..iinndddd 66 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522
Understanding the locator globes
Earth’s landmasses have changed over time, so
alongside every main map showing when and where
the prehistoric animal lived, you will also find a globe
to show you this area relative to modern-day Earth.

picture prehistoric
species as the living ATLANTIC
OCEAN
animals they once were. PACIFIC
OCEAN
Using the latest and most up-to-date maps, INDIAN
OCEAN
this book shows the ranges ancient animals
might have had, and what the world looked
like when they were alive. In many cases, our
The first layer is the modern-day map of Earth,
knowledge is incomplete, and the true ranges of
outlining three major oceans.
these animals have yet to be properly discovered.
I hope that this book inspires you to be
interested in Earth’s fascinating prehistoric
past and perhaps to make scientific discoveries
yourself if you’re lucky enough to have
the opportunity.
Dr. Darren Naish
This second, light-green layer shows what Earth’s landmass would
have looked like when the profiled animal lived.
The third, dark-green layer represents the specific region shown
in the larger map featured on the pages.
The final layer in red locates the roaming range of the profiled
animal, as reflected on the larger map.
UUSS__000044--000055__332233119933__FFoorreewwoorrdd..iinndddd 55 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522 UUSS__000066--000077__332233119933__OOppeenneerr__RRiissee__DDiinnooss..iinndddd 66 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522
Hominids
A group of primates appear,
leading to the evolution of
the great apes and,

eventually, humans.
E
S Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs appear in the
Late Triassic, 235 million years
ago, following a mass extinction
H
R at the end of the Permian.
Mammals
woolly
The ancestors of modern
mammoth
mammals evolve over TODAY
TU
320 million years ago.
C
M E
E N
A The first pLlaanntds applapneatsr PA SOZO OZOIC
F on land in the Ordovician, LE IC
O
at least 450 million years ago. Z
OIC 12
11 1
S
O Animals
Around 600 million years
ago, ancient animals such as
sponges first appear, leaving
O 10
behind occasional traces
in the fossil record.

Timeline
E
N 9
of Earth
S
I
8
I Earth is old—4.6 billion years old, in
D
C
fact. Yet estimates suggest our planet OI
Z
R O
R
E
formed relatively rapidly, within only OT 7 5
R
P
10–20 million years. Rocks and metals 6
floating in our Solar System began
clumping together to form a large
object spinning around an early Sun. Multicellular life
Some eukaryotes
Denser metals sank to the hot middle
evolve into multicellular
life forms; these are
of the tough, rocky sphere to become
the ancestors of plants,
Triassic encounter Earth’s core, while lighter rocks fungi, and animals.
Alarmed by the appearance
of the fearsome meat-eating formed a crust, shaping Earth
Eukaryotes
reptile Postosuchus, a group of
Coelophysis scurry frantically as we know it. Eurkaryotes, which are more
complex life forms than
around. Another reptile,
Desmatosuchus, moves prokaryotes, evolve over
wisely in the other direction. two billion years ago.
8
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Hominids
A group of primates appear,
leading to the evolution of
the great apes and,

eventually, humans.
E
S Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs appear in the
Late Triassic, 235 million years
ago, following a mass extinction
H
R at the end of the Permian.
Mammals
woolly
The ancestors of modern
mammoth
mammals evolve over TODAY
TU
320 million years ago.
C
M E
E N
A The first pLlaanntds applapneatsr PA SOZO OZOIC
F on land in the Ordovician, LE IC
O
at least 450 million years ago. Z
OIC 12
11 1
S
O Animals
Around 600 million years
ago, ancient animals such as
sponges first appear, leaving
O 10
behind occasional traces
in the fossil record.

Timeline
E
N 9
of Earth
S
I
8
I Earth is old—4.6 billion years old, in
D
C
fact. Yet estimates suggest our planet OI
Z
R O
R
E
formed relatively rapidly, within only OT 7 5
R
P
10–20 million years. Rocks and metals 6
floating in our Solar System began
clumping together to form a large
object spinning around an early Sun. Multicellular life
Some eukaryotes
Denser metals sank to the hot middle
evolve into multicellular
life forms; these are
of the tough, rocky sphere to become
the ancestors of plants,
Triassic encounter Earth’s core, while lighter rocks fungi, and animals.
Alarmed by the appearance
of the fearsome meat-eating formed a crust, shaping Earth
Eukaryotes
reptile Postosuchus, a group of
Coelophysis scurry frantically as we know it. Eurkaryotes, which are more
complex life forms than
around. Another reptile,
Desmatosuchus, moves prokaryotes, evolve over
wisely in the other direction. two billion years ago.
8
UUSS__000066--000077__332233119933__OOppeenneerr__RRiissee__DDiinnooss..iinndddd 77 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522 UUSS__000088--000099__332233119933__TTiimmeelliinnee__ooff__EEaarrtthh..iinndddd 88 2277//0055//22002211 1111::5522