Digital Media and Society: Transforming Economics, Politics and Social Practices PDF
Preview Digital Media and Society: Transforming Economics, Politics and Social Practices
Digital Media and Society This page intentionally left blank Digital Media and Society Transforming Economics, Politics and Social Practices Andrew White TheUniversityofNottinghamNingboChina ©AndrewWhite2014 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-39361-6 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorhasassertedhisrighttobeidentifiedastheauthorofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2014by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-137-39362-3 ISBN 978-1-137-39363-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137393630 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. For Shasha & Jiajia This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofTables viii PrefaceandAcknowledgments ix ListofAbbreviationsandAcronyms xi Part I PoliticsandDigitalMedia:TheImpactof DigitalMediaonthe PublicandPrivateSpheres 1 FromthePublictothePrivate:TheDigitizationof Scholarship 3 2 FromthePrivatetothePublic:OnlineIdentity 26 3 DigitalMediaandPoliticsintheLiberalDemocraticState 43 Part II TheDigitalEconomy 4 TheDigitalEconomyandtheCreativeIndustries 67 5 TheDigitalEconomyandtheGlobalFinancialCrisis 86 Part III DigitalMedia Use 6 Reading/UsingDigitalMedia 109 7 TheNewSocialMovements 125 8 Surveillance:TheRoleofDatabasesinContemporary Society 145 9 DigitalMediaUseintheDevelopingWorld 167 Epilogue 189 Notes 193 Bibliography 196 Index 217 vii Tables 5.1 Statisticsforemployees,revenueandprofitsofGlobal 500corporationsinthedigitaleconomy,2011 94 5.2 LargestFortune500companiesinselectedindustrial categories,2013 103 8.1 DatasecuritybreachesintheUKintheyearupto October2008 158 9.1 2013InternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU) figuresforICTcapacity 172 9.2 2013InternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU) figuresforthecostofaccesstobroadbandInternet 174 viii Preface and Acknowledgments Thisbookhaslongbeeningestation,encompassingmyresearchindigi- talmediafromalmostadecadeinacademiaaswellasideasthatIpicked up in various digitization projects that I worked on before that, the first of which began almost 15 years ago! This knowledge has become more structured in my own mind over the past two years during my teaching of a final year undergraduate module, The New Media World, at the University of Nottingham’s China campus at Ningbo (UNNC). Originally developed with Rena Bivens for the first cohort of gradu- ates at the university in 2007–2008, this module has also been taught jointlyorsolelybyNedRossiterandStephenQuinn.Beingthesolecon- venor of this module since February 2012 has enabled me to develop its themes in ways in which will become familiar to those of you who continue reading past this point. While the content in this book is solely my own, the input of the aforementioned teachers, as well as allthestudentsIhavehadthepleasuretoteachonthismodule,hasno doubtprovidedgreaterclaritytomythinkingonthesecomplexissues. IwouldalsoliketothankChrisPenfoldandFelicityPlesteratPalgrave Macmillan,bothofwhomshowedgreatdiligenceandpatienceinsup- portingthisprojectandansweringmymanyqueries.Thereviewersand copy-editors, as well as those who generously provided endorsements, deservemygratitudetoo. Like the module, the book’s structure is based on digital media’s impact in three main areas: politics, the economy and social practices. Part I uses the ‘public sphere’ as a normative in order to explore the wayinwhichdigitalmediachallengesexistingconceptualmodelsofthe ‘public’ and the ‘private’ through analyses of the digitization of schol- arly materials and of online identity. The final (third) chapter of Part I considers the effect of this shifting boundary between the public and theprivatespheresthroughthedevelopmentofatheoreticalframework foradigital-media-inflectedpoliticsintheliberaldemocraticstate. PartIIcomprisestwochaptersontheglobaldigitaleconomy,thefirst of which emphasizes the benefits that have resulted from the incorpo- ration of digital media technologies in the general economy, as well as the growth of the ‘creative industries’. The second chapter of Part II is more critical in tone, identifying the existing and potential problems, ix
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