Digital Cities II: Computational and Sociological Approaches: Second Kyoto Workshop on Digital Cities Kyoto, Japan, October 18–20, 2001 Revised Papers PDF
Preview Digital Cities II: Computational and Sociological Approaches: Second Kyoto Workshop on Digital Cities Kyoto, Japan, October 18–20, 2001 Revised Papers
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2362 EditedbyG.Goos,J.HartmanisandJ.vanLeeuwen 3 Berlin Heidelberg NewYork Barcelona HongKong London Milan Paris Tokyo Makoto Tanabe Peter van den Besselaar Toru Ishida (Eds.) Digital Cities II Computational and SociologicalApproaches Second KyotoWorkshop on Digital Cities Kyoto, Japan, October 18-20, 2001 Revised Papers 1 3 VolumeEditors MakotoTanabe UbeNationalCollegeofTechnology Tokiwadai,UbeCity YamaguchiPref.,755-8555,Japan E-mail:[email protected] PetervandenBesselaar DepartmentofSocialSciences NetherlandsInstituteofScientificInformationNIWI RoyalNetherlandsAcademyofArtsandSciences JoanMuyskenweg25,POBox95110 1090HCAmsterdam,TheNetherlands and UniversityofAmsterdam SocialInformaticsProgram,FacultyofSocialandBehavioralSciences Amsterdam,TheNetherlands E-mail:[email protected] ToruIshida Kyoto University, Department of Social Informatics LaboratoryforGlobalInformationNetwork Yoshida-honmachi,Sakyo-ku 606-8501Kyoto,Japan E-mail:[email protected] Cataloging-in-PublicationDataappliedfor DieDeutscheBibliothek-CIP-Einheitsaufnahme DigitalcitiesII:revisedpapers/SecondKyotoWorkshoponDigital Cities,Kyoto,Japan,October19-20,2001.MakotoTanabe...(ed.).- Berlin;Heidelberg;NewYork;Barcelona;HongKong;London;Milan; Paris;Tokyo:Springer,2002 (Lecturenotesincomputerscience;2362) ISBN3-540-43963-3 CRSubjectClassification(1998):K.4,C.2,H.4,H.5.2-3,K.8,I.2,J.4 ISSN0302-9743 ISBN3-540-43963-3Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer-Verlag.Violationsare liableforprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelbergNewYork, amemberofBertelsmannSpringerScience+BusinessMediaGmbH ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2002 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,data-conversionbyPTP-Berlin,StefanSossnae.K. Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:10870287 06/3142 543210 Preface ThisbookcontainsthepaperspresentedatthesecondKyotoWorkshoponDigitalCities thattookplaceinOctober2001.Thiswasthethirdinaseriesofthreerelatedconferen- ces.ThepreviousconferencesweretheKyotoWorkshoponCommunitywareandSocial Interactionin1998,andthefirstKyotoWorkshoponDigitalCities,inSeptember1999. Togethertheyhavecontributedtotheadvancementoftheresearchondigitalcities,one oftheresearchtopicswithintheemergingfieldof‘socialinformatics’. Themeetingaimedatimprovingourunderstandingofthecurrentstatusandfutureof thoseclassesofsystemsthatcanbesubsumedundertheheadingofdigitalcity.Whatare feasiblemodelsfordigitalcities?Whatdoexperimentswithdigitalcitiesteachus?What newtechnologiesfordigitalcitiesemerge?Themeetingaimedatencouragingresearch andpracticalactivitiesinthisfield,andenabledtheinteractionbetweencomputerscien- tists,socialscientists,andenlightenedpractitioners,engagedwithdigitalcities.Topics ofdiscussionweredesignandanalysis,theoreticalperspectivesondigitalcities,expe- rimentswithdigitalcitiesandwithcommunitynetworks,applicationsofdigitalcities, userstudies,visualization,(mobile)technologiesfordigitalcities,socialinteractionand communityware,userinvolvementindigitalcitiesandcommunitynetworks,andorga- nizationalandbusinessmodelsfordigitalcities. The symposium which took place on the first day of the meeting was attended by more than 300 participants. The two other days of the meeting were open for invited participants only, and were attended by about 60 researchers from 13 countries from allovertheworld:Austria,Brazil,Canada,China,Finland,Germany,Greece,Ireland, Japan,TheNetherlands,Sweden,UK,andtheUS.Morethan30paperswerepresented togetherwithdemonstrationsofdevelopedsoftware,givingagoodoverviewofthestate oftheartofthefield.Themeetingconcludedwithaspecialpanelonthefutureofcolla- boration,whichwasorganizedbytheNTTCommunicationLaboratoryasacelebration ofits10thanniversary.Thisvolumeconsistsofmostofthepaperspresentedduringthe meeting. Thevolumeisorganizedasfollows.Intheintroduction,wediscusstheconceptof thedigitalcityandwegiveanoverviewofthecontentofthisvolume.Wealsopresent the issues in digital cities research, development, and practice that emerged from the discussions held during the meeting. Part 1 of the book contains theoretical chapters offeringseveralperspectivesondigitalcities.Inpart2,threechaptersarecollectedthat describethedigitalcitiesmovementfromvarioustechno-politicalperspectives.Inpart 3,examplesofandexperimentswithdigitalcitiesandrelatedsystemsaredescribedand analyzed.Thefiveexamplescomefromvariouspartsoftheworld:Ireland,US,Germany, andJapan.Thefivechaptersofpart4presentevaluationsofvariousaspectsofdigital cities.Inthenextparts,thefocusshiftsfromthesocialandorganizationaldimensionto thetechnicaldimension.Inpart5,architecturesfordigitalcitiesarediscussed,andpart 6presentstechnologiesforseveralservicesdigitalcitiesmayprovide. VI Preface Despitethefactthattheworkshoptookplaceshortlyafterthedramaof11Septem- ber, almost all participants were able to come to Kyoto. However, as digital cities are relatedtorealcities,thereflectionondigitalcitieswasinfluencedbytheattacksonthe WorldTradeCenterinNewYorkanditsaftermath.Thisisclearlyvisibleinseveralof thepapersincludedisthisbook. Last but not least we would like to acknowledge the very generous support from varioussides.TheJapanScienceandTechnologyCorporation(JST),theDepartmentof SocialInformatics,KyotoUniversity,andtheNTTCommunicationScienceLaborato- riessponsoredthemeetinginvariousways.Wewouldliketothankthemembersofthe InternationalProgramCommitteefortheirworkinthereviewprocess.Finally,thelocal organizersandespeciallyShokoTodadidagreatjob,andthroughtheirhardworkthe workshopturnedintoasuccessfulandpleasantevent. May2002 MakotoTanabe PetervandenBesselaar ToruIshida Organization Committee SymposiumChair: ToruIshida(KyotoUniversity,Japan) WorkshopChairs: PetervandenBesselaar(UniversityofAmsterdam, TheNetherlands) MakotoTanabe(JSTDigitalCityResearchCenter, Japan) PanelChair: KiyoshiKogure(NTTCommunicationScienceLa- boratories,Japan) ExhibitionChair: HiroshiIshiguro(WakayamaUniversity,Japan) Secretariat: ShokoToda(JSTDigitalCityResearchCenter,Ja- pan) WorkshopProgramCommittee M.Antonietta H.Ishiguro E.Osawa N.Arai K.Kogure P.Resnic S.Azechi F.Kusunoki H.Schlichter L.Bannon K.Kuutti A.Serra A.Bianchi K.J.Lee H.Sheng G.C.Bowker B.D.Loader H.Shimazu J-P.Briot P.Luff S.Shimojo A.Cardon P.Mambrey Y.Sumi L.Cheng P.Marti T.Terano N.S.Contractor K.Matsuda H.Tsuji M.Gurstein H.Nakanishi M.Tsukamoto K.Hanson K.Nakata A.Yoshida H.Isahara Y.Nakatani K.C.Isbister I.Noda SponsoringInstitutions JapanScienceandTechnologyCorporation(JST),Japan DepartmentofSocialInformatics,KyotoUniversity,Japan NTTCommunicationScienceLaboratories,NTTCorporation,Japan Table of Contents Introduction:DigitalCitiesResearchandOpenIssues ...................... 1 PetervandenBesselaar,MakotoTanabe,ToruIshida ConceptsandTheory LittleBoxes,Glocalization,andNetworkedIndividualism ................... 10 BarryWellman Privacy,PredictabilityorSerendipityandDigitalCities ..................... 26 GaryGumpert,SusanDrucker RegularitiesintheFormationandEvolutionofInformationCities ............. 41 SteliosLelis,PetrosKavassalis,JakkaSairamesh,SeifHaridi, FredrikHolmgren,MahmoudRafea,AntonisHatzistamatiou CommunicationofSocialAgentsandtheDigitalCity–ASemiotic Perspective ........................................................ 56 VictorV.Kryssanov,MasayukiOkabe,KohKakusho,MichihikoMinoh PoliticsoftheDigitalCityMovement DigitalCitiesandDigitalCitizens ...................................... 71 DougSchuler DesigningDemocraticCommunityNetworks:InvolvingCommunities throughCivilParticipation ............................................ 86 PeterDay TeleCities–DigitalCitiesNetwork ..................................... 101 IngridGo¨tzl ExamplesofDigitalCities TheCamfieldEstates-MITCreatingCommunityConnectionsProject: StrategiesforActiveParticipationinaLow-toModerate-IncomeCommunity ... 110 RandalD.Pinkett CommunityWebsitesasaLocalCommunicationNetwork:“Directory Westfield",anExperienceReport ....................................... 125 KarrieJ.Hanson,GeraldM.Karam X TableofContents EnnisInformationAgeTown:VirtualityRootedinReality ................... 139 HelenMcQuillan FeasibilityStudyofDigitalCommunitythroughVirtualEnterprise Network........................................................... 152 KikukoHarada,HiroshiHoshino Knowledge-BasedEconomicServicesSupportedbyDigitalExperiments ....... 164 DieterRehfeld,IleanaHamburg Evaluations CommunityNetworkDevelopment:ADialecticalView ..................... 177 MuraliVenkatesh,DongheeShin TheComplexityofUsingCommercialForcestoCounteractthe DigitalDivide:ACaseStudyoftheTUCofSweden........................ 191 AgnetaRanerup LessonsLearned:SocialInteractioninVirtualEnvironments ................. 203 LiliCheng,ShellyFarnham,LindaStone WorldsApart:Exclusion-ProcessesinDDS............................... 219 ElsRommes LogAnalysisofMap-BasedWebPageSearchonDigitalCityKyoto .......... 233 KaoruHiramatsu ArchitecturesforDigitalCities ConnectingDigitalandPhysicalCities .................................. 246 ToruIshida,HiroshiIshiguro,HideyukiNakanishi TwinWorlds:Augmenting,Evaluating,andStudying Three-DimensionalDigitalCitiesandTheirEvolvingCommunities............ 257 KatyBo¨rner CreatingCityCommunityConsanguinity:UseofPublicOpinion ChannelinDigitalCities ............................................. 270 TomohiroFukuhara,Ken’ichiMatsumura,ShintaroAzechi, NobuhikoFujihara,KazunoriTerada,KojiYamashita, ToyoakiNishida Agent-BasedCoordinationofRegionalInformationServices ................ 283 Jun-ichiAkahani,KaoruHiramatsu,YoshikazuFurukawa, KiyoshiKogure TableofContents XI RealizationofDigitalEnvironmentalEducation—AFutureStyle ofEnvironmentalEducationinDynamicallyChangingVirtualEnvironment— .. 292 MasayaOkada,HiroyukiTarumi,TetsuhikoYoshimura, KazuyukiMoriya,TetsuroSakai TechnologiesforDigitalCities A3-DPhotoCollageSystemforSpatialNavigations ....................... 305 HiroyaTanaka,MasatoshiArikawa,RyosukeShibasaki StudyonMobilePassengerSupportSystemsforPublic TransportationUsingMulti-channelDataDissemination .................... 317 KoichiGoto,YahikoKambayashi SpatialInformationSharingforMobilePhones............................ 331 HiroshiTsuji,MasatoTerada,YukiKadowaki,MasaakiTanizaki, ShigeruShimada AgentsintheWorldofActiveWeb-Services .............................. 343 BernardBurg TownDigitizingforBuildinganImage-BasedCyberSpace .................. 357 SatoshiKoizumi,GuimingDai,HiroshiIshiguro LanguageDesignforRescueAgents .................................... 371 ItsukiNoda,TomoichiTakahashi,ShujiMorita,TetsuhikoKoto, SatoshiTadokoro UrbanPilot(AHandheldCityGuideThatMapsPersonaland CollectiveExperiencesthroughSocialNetworks) .......................... 384 AradhanaGoel AuthorIndex ...................................................... 399
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