Table Of Content

Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. United States Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Biological Control Project Manual Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Biological Control Operations DEPT. OF A NATIONDEE ha AGRICULTURAL ees Fiscal Year 1995 Contents Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION Orientation to the Biological Control Project Against Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed (DSK Project) .................. RLOLCSTALICUR CSO UIISIOLICICCMEES Raat teat: oa nr MWR ets ee ister PLOW ALOT SCHL LIS MVAANUA LM emmi a, Es gwen en) chu eket ween aaah es ESTABLISHING A PHASE 1 FIELD INSECTARY SITE (FIS) LSE OUCUO eee ee ime oe coum fe Moet eet Sees Ga ke Za) Screc tra DUlLaDle SitesOR Mie INGeClACyare aa a ees ec ey jas Fill Out a Field Insectary Site Preliminary IDFOLOTauON OLLCCE CE LS Fld emma we eRe eh ar coc s ene og acere ns hone ese hes Release the, Biocontrol: Agents at a PhaseseriS.. 2. a 4 ve | Fill Out Forms AD-943 (Biological Shipment Record-Non-Quarantine) and AD-943A (Supplemental Lata) ere acer eee EON MT nc Sete Cer eed ACS cond toeat Wes te Mace eeo es Zeal Collect Samples of Biocontrol Agents From the PASC TSE LS grew tag ee cher. oan 0. RARE oh Les a 5 ohare, Sta S oho ten ee yids Fill Out a Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Biocontrol A Pen UR CCOVCLYEANCEOANIDIN 2 RCDOLL anes Un tence tenors tn a Peers Piegal| ESTABLISHING A PHASE 2 FIELD INSECTARY SITE (FIS) ECCOCUCUIOi Manama wet hoger en e R a hee ks e jal Selectca Suitable mite iol, Ler INSeClary aumeen ete ane et ee ee res aye) Collect Biocontrol Agents From a Phase 1 PLS Or Registrioutlonio as pldSere ttL oree rarest s.c ows ge es aren ee =n Release theiBiocontrol A gents. atra Phase: 23 bIS 2 oe) Ghee ye tes 5219 APPENDIXES Appendix 1: Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Plants ............... 4.1 Appendix 2: Biology and Identification of IBIOCONULOL DAV COLS apt rae Men Me hrs ete S Gone arg ee es S| Appendix 3: Summary of Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed BIGCOntrOlAG CUS are eae ear gi tee. Taha A ooe ek A Soe! son eee 6.1 Appendix 4: Operation of Transpak II Global POSIUOMIN SES VStClf CIES) Smee feck ee ee coals are ea are tie Appendix 5: APHIS Process to Release Exotic Natural Enemies of Weeds for Establishment and Redistribution ............ 8.1 PNDDENC XAOme ER aTpe CTOC REO LING ccaee sne pte oh aa oe a w bo oat AD Peni key mr lOstemtalveoDeCllicityaleStIN 92. ae aos ee 10.1 PADDCOINaS ml ClleCHONey ACUI Gen sie they Bice ie bona ol woe) sow as Lick ENPDYESE 5k Se By cicada Lege ct Se Sa 12.1 ) LOIN VERSE PY DUE soos a oa aera ae a Psat BCO 05/95-01 Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Contents PHOTOGRAPHS Number Spotted and Diffuse Knapweed Plants Centaurea maculosa Lam. (spotted knapweed) flower headed knapweed plant, showing branching form’: 2c. 3 sal, es Boe Hees Scene lee SO ee aie eg 1-2 Spotted knapweed infested an S6.fy acces en ke ee 9 ee 1-3 Spotted :knapweed. rosette: = ene. ek ee oes Cle a 1-4 Mature spotted. kKnapweed*seedheadsS= Sepa < acres 0 steerer ene ean ee 1-5 Centaurea diffusa Lam. (diffuse knapweed) uncommon purple flower head ............... 1-6 Ditfuse knapweed normal white tlower Meads hye scree ae tele cv 1-7 Diffuse knapweed plant showing branching andstOmn sce. ce. ee 1-8 Diffuse: knapweedsintested range gen. .c. aac ce mene er et eer ee ce 1-9 Biocontrol Agents Avapeta zoegana adult TOOt DOTINS MOC oe ere oe ee ee 2-1 Agapeta zoegana larva and root feeding damagee sera 0. eee ee AERee C arat 2-2 Pierolonche inspersa adult LOOU DOLIMG title ees eer cep cee 2-3 Cyphocléonus achates adult: TOOt DOLIN gw CCVi ) ameg s eo ai ee ee ea 2-4 Cyphocleonus achates larvae and ‘rooUteeding damage ee gee eee eee ee 2-5 Earinus minutus adult seednead ‘weevil 220. cas). tee 2-6 Larinus minutusadult emergencesole in. knapweed) Seed Gad ic. cey meee aan ens essen 2-7 Larinus obtusus adult;seedbéad weevil an eae eel ae ee ee 2-8 Bonegasternus faustt.adult seedhead Weevil nme. ieee 2-9 Metzneria paucipunctella adult seedheadsmothinws: cee one as ee 2-10 Metzneria paucipunctella larva and seedhead feeding damage ....................000- 2-11 Urophora afjinis adult seedhead lyon plant/ gall Gai, scree aoe eee 2-12 BCO ii 05/95-01 Contents Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Number Urophora affinis larva and gall in knapweed seedhead ......00. 0c. e.ee. .eee. ee s 2-13 Dy OPROLG OUGOIIOSCICIA AUUtESeCONCAGI Vaavearammentara eens curr. a4. oe 3 GS as ee 2. 2-14 Urophora guganyasciaia gallicompared to knapweed S6eG: = nine) ce ss a 2-15 Chaelorel hatacrolopiisaduirrscedncag lly me wee me ete en eas ee, | ene ee, ce 2-16 POL CLILGEVELENISEAU UI ESCOUNCAG Sl ¥ marae tm oe emer Tee te Wen Nr Gees ene Beko a.S ee cate ke 2-17 Sphenoptera jugoslavica adult root boring beetle on diffuse knapweed ................... 2-18 wpnenoplera jugosiavica larva and root feeding damage "ie 2... oe ee = 2-19 BCO xe iii 05/95-01 Diffuse and Spotted Knapweed Contents BCO iv 05/95-01