Differential Diagnosis in Neuroimaging Spine Steven P. Meyers, MD, PhD, FACR Professor of Radiology/Imaging Sciences, Neurosurgery, and Otolaryngology Director, Radiology Residency Program University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester, New York 643 illustrations Thieme New York • Stuttgart • Delhi • Rio de Janeiro Executive Editor: William Lamsback Important note: Medicine is an ever-changing science undergoing Managing Editor: J. Owen Zurhellen IV continual development. Research and clinical experience are Director, Editorial Services: Mary Jo Casey continually expanding our knowledge, in particular our knowledge Editorial Consultant: Judith Tomat of proper treatment and drug therapy. Insofar as this book mentions Production Editor: Kenneth L. Chumbley any dosage or application, readers may rest assured that the International Production Director: Andreas Schabert authors, editors, and publishers have made every effort to ensure Vice President, Editorial and E-Product Development: Vera Spillner that such references are in accordance with the state of knowledge International Marketing Director: Fiona Henderson at the time of production of the book. International Sales Director: Louisa Turrell Nevertheless, this does not involve, imply, or express any Director of Sales, North America: Mike Roseman guarantee or responsibility on the part of the publishers in respect Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer: Sarah Vanderbilt to any dosage instructions and forms of applications stated in President: Brian D. Scanlan the book. Every user is requested to examine carefully the manufacturers’ leaflets accompanying each drug and to check, if necessary in consultation with a physician or specialist, whether Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data the dosage schedules mentioned therein or the contraindications stated by the manufacturers differ from the statements made in Names: Meyers, Steven P., author. the present book. Such examination is particularly important with Title: Differential diagnosis in neuroimaging. Spine / Steven P. Meyers. drugs that are either rarely used or have been newly released on the Description: New York : Thieme, [2017] | Includes bibliographical market. Every dosage schedule or every form of application used references and index. is entirely at the user’s own risk and responsibility. The authors Identifiers: LCCN 2016028851 (print) | LCCN 2016029127 (ebook) | and publishers request every user to report to the publishers any ISBN 9781626234772 (hardcover : alk. paper) | discrepancies or inaccuracies noticed. If errors in this work are found ISBN 9781626234789 (eBook) | ISBN 9781626234765 after publication, errata will be posted at www.thieme.com on the Subjects: | MESH: Neuroimaging | Spinal Cord Diseases—pathology product description page. | Spinal Cord—pathology | Spine—pathology | Spinal Diseases— Some of the product names, patents, and registered designs pathology referred to in this book are in fact registered trademarks or Classification: LCC RC402 (print) | LCC RC402 (ebook) | proprietary names even though specific reference to this fact is NLM WL 141.5.N47 | DDC 617.4/8207548—dc23 not always made in the text. 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Any use, exploitation, or commercialization outside the narrow limits set by copyright legislation without the publisher’s ISBN 978-1-62623-477-2 consent is illegal and liable to prosecution. This applies in par- ticular to photostat reproduction, copying, mimeographing or Also available as an e-book: duplication of any kind, translating, preparation of microfilms, eISBN 978-1-62623-478-9 and electronic data processing and storage. To my parents, for their unwavering encouragement and support along my long journey through formal education. And to my wife, Barbara, and son, Noah, for their continuous love, support, and patience during this project. Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................................................................................ix Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................................................................................x Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................................................................xi Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................................2 Table 1.1 Congenital and developmental abnormalities of the spinal cord or vertebrae .........................................13 Table 1.2 Abnormalities involving the craniovertebral junction ......................................................................................37 Table 1.3 Intradural intramedullary lesions (spinal cord lesions) ...................................................................................60 Table 1.4 Dural and intradural extramedullary lesions ......................................................................................................88 Table 1.5 Extradural lesions ......................................................................................................................................................115 Table 1.6 Solitary osseous lesions involving the spine .....................................................................................................143 Table 1.7 Multifocal lesions and/or poorly defined signal abnormalities involving the spine ............................170 Table 1.8 Traumatic lesions involving the spine .................................................................................................................204 Table 1.9 Lesions involving the sacrum .................................................................................................................................224 References ........................................................................................................................................................................................255 Index ........................................................................................................................................................................................269 vii
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