Differential Diagnosis in Neuroimaging: Brain and Meninges

660 Pages·2016·39.387 MB·English

by  Meyers, Steven P

Differential Diagnosis in Neuroimaging
Brain and Meninges
Steven P. Meyers, MD, PhD, FACR
Professor of Radiology/Imaging Sciences, Neurosurgery, and Otolaryngology
Director, Radiology Residency Program
University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry
Rochester, New York
1952 illustrations
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Title: Differential diagnosis in neuroimaging. Brain and meninges /
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Steven P. Meyers.
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Identifiers: LCCN 2016013145 | ISBN 9781604067002 (alk. paper) |
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Subjects: | MESH: Neuroimaging | Brain Diseases—diagnosis |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Diagnosis, Differential
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To my parents, for their unwavering encouragement and support along my long journey through formal education.
And to my wife, Barbara, and son, Noah, for their continuous love, support, and patience during this project.

Contents
Preface ................................................................................................................................................................................ix
Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................................................x
Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................................................................xi
Prologue, Intracranial Abnormalities ..........................................................................................................................1
1 Brain (Intra-Axial Lesions) ..............................................................................................................................................3
Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................4
Table 1.1 Congenital and histogenic malformations of the brain ...................................................................11
Table 1.2 Supratentorial solitary intra-axial mass lesions................................................................................36
Table 1.3 Solitary intra-axial lesions in the posterior cranial fossa (infratentorial) .................................94
Table 1.4 Multiple intra-axial lesions in the brain ...........................................................................................128
Table 1.5 Multiple or diffuse lesions involving white matter in children .................................................185
Table 1.6 Bilateral lesions involving the basal ganglia and/or thalami ......................................................219
Table 1.7 Neurodegenerative disorders ...............................................................................................................262
Table 1.8 Ischemia and infarction involving the brain and/or brainstem in adults ...............................298
Table 1.9 Ischemia and infarction involving the brain and/or brainstem in children ...........................318
Table 1.10 Intrasellar and juxtasellar lesions ....................................................................................................348
Table 1.11 Lesions in the pineal region................................................................................................................386
References ......................................................................................................................................................................400
2 Ventricles and Cisterns ................................................................................................................................................421
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................422
Table 2.1 Lateral ventricles—common masses ..................................................................................................423
Table 2.2 Common third ventricular masses .....................................................................................................425
Table 2.3 Fourth ventricular lesions .....................................................................................................................425
Table 2.4 Excessively small ventricles ..................................................................................................................426
Table 2.5 Dilated ventricles .....................................................................................................................................428
Table 2.6 Abnormal or altered configuration of the ventricles ....................................................................456
Table 2.7 Solitary intraventricular lesions in children ....................................................................................468
Table 2.8 Solitary intraventricular lesions in adults ........................................................................................488
Table 2.9 Contrast-enhancing ventricular margins .........................................................................................510
References ......................................................................................................................................................................516
3 Extra-Axial Lesions .......................................................................................................................................................517
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................518
Table 3.1 Solitary extra-axial mass lesions ........................................................................................................518
Table 3.2 Multifocal extra-axial lesions ...............................................................................................................548
References ......................................................................................................................................................................558
4 Meninges .........................................................................................................................................................................561
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................562
Table 4.1 Abnormalities involving the dura .......................................................................................................563
Table 4.2 Multifocal and/or diffuse leptomeningeal abnormalities ...........................................................583
References ......................................................................................................................................................................596
vii
viii Contents
5 Vascular Abnormalities ...............................................................................................................................................597
Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................598
Table 5.1 Congenital and developmental vascular anomalies/variants .....................................................607
Table 5.2 Acquired vascular disease .....................................................................................................................620
References ......................................................................................................................................................................638
Index .................................................................................................................................................................................641