Dietary Sugars and Health PDF
Preview Dietary Sugars and Health
NUTRITION G Dietar y o r a n | T a p Dietary p Sugars and y | L ê Sugars and Health Health D Sugar consumption is suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, fatty liver disease, and some forms of cancers. Dietary sugars—fructose in particular—also i e Edited by have a potential role in obesity and metabolic diseases. t a Michael I. Goran Dietary Sugars and Health presents all aspects of dietary sugars as they relate to health and r disease. It provides a review of the current science related to dietary sugars, ranging from historical Luc Tappy y and cultural perspectives to food science and production to basic research, animal trials, human pathophysiology, epidemiology, and public health policy implications. Each chapter features a Kim-Anne Lê S concise, thorough summary of the current knowledge, including an overview of cutting-edge research, u controversies, and future perspectives. g The book provides a balanced approach through global and multidisciplinary contributions a as well as input from various sectors, from academia to the food and beverage industry. r The overall collection provides readers with a balanced and complete view of the science related to s dietary sugars and health. a This book is an invaluable reference for food scientists, nutrition scientists, clinical and translational n researchers, obesity researchers, physiologists, public health scientists, and policy makers. d H e a l t h K20621 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 711 Third Avenue New York, NY 10017 an informa business 2 Park Square, Milton Park www.crcpress.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK w w w . c r c p r e s s . c o m K20621_cover.indd 1 10/21/14 9:38 AM Dietar y Sugars and Health edited by Michael I. Goran Professor of Preventive Medicine and Pediatrics Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles Luc Tappy Professor of Physiology Lausanne University School of Biology and Medicine, Switzerland Kim-Anne Lê Research Scientist, Dept. of Nutrition and Health Nestle Research Center, Nestec Ltd. Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20141020 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-9378-7 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Editors ..............................................................................................................................................vii Contributors ......................................................................................................................................ix Introduction ....................................................................................................................................xiii Chapter 1 Social Aspects of Dietary Sugars .................................................................................1 Amy K. McLennan, Stanley J. Ulijaszek, and Karin Eli Chapter 2 Political Economies of Sugar: Views from a Former Sugarcane Industry ................13 Marisa Wilson and Vishala Parmasad Chapter 3 Sugars in Beverages and Body Weight.......................................................................27 France Bellisle Chapter 4 Sugars in Confectionery Products: Technical Functions and Links to Health Outcomes ....................................................................................................43 Laura Shumow Chapter 5 Effects of Dietary Sugars from Natural Sources on Health Outcomes .....................59 Eva Arrigoni, Christina Kast, and Barbara Walther Chapter 6 High-Fructose Syrup—So, What Is It Exactly? .........................................................81 John S. White Chapter 7 Biological and Health Effects of Nonnutritive Sweeteners ........................................99 Allison C. Sylvetsky, Rebecca J. Brown, and Kristina I. Rother Chapter 8 Nutrition Economics Related to Consumption of Dietary Sugars ...........................115 Adam Drewnowski Chapter 9 Sugar Consumption in the Food and Beverage Supply across the Globe ................127 Barry M. Popkin Chapter 10 Dietary Intake and Availability of Fructose and Sweeteners in the USA ................139 Bernadette P. Marriott iii iv Contents Chapter 11 Metabolism of Hexoses ............................................................................................157 Yeo Shi Hui, Lim Wen Bin, and Mary Chong Foong Fong Chapter 12 Sugars and Metabolic Disorders in Animal Models Including Primates ................169 Michael Pagliassotti, Kimberly Cox-York, and Tiffany Weir Chapter 13 Contributions of Sugars to Metabolic Disorders in Human Models ........................179 Kim-Anne Lê and Luc Tappy Chapter 14 Satiating Effects of Fructose and Glucose ...............................................................195 Yada Treesukosol and Timothy H. Moran Chapter 15 Sugars in the Brain ...................................................................................................203 Jonathan Q. Purnell Chapter 16 Sugars, Obesity, and Chronic Diseases in Adults ....................................................225 Vasanti S. Malik and Frank B. Hu Chapter 17 Dietary Sugars, Obesity, and Chronic Diseases in Children ...................................245 Jaimie N. Davis and Stacey Lee Chapter 18 Impact of Dietary Sugars on Obesity and Metabolic Risk during Critical Periods of Growth and Development .......................................................................257 Michael I. Goran Chapter 19 Mechanisms by Which Dietary Sugars Influence Lipid Metabolism, Circulating Lipids and Lipoproteins, and Cardiovascular Risk ...............................265 Kimber L. Stanhope and Peter J. Havel Chapter 20 Sugars, Fructose, Hypertension, and Kidney Disease .............................................281 Laura Gabriela Sánchez Lozada, Magdalena Madero, Sirirat Reungjui, and Richard J. Johnson Chapter 21 Effect of Sugars on Markers of Cardiometabolic Disease: An Overview of Meta-Analyses .....................................................................................................297 Viranda H. Jayalath, Vanessa Ha, Effie Viguiliouk, Vivian L. Choo, Adrian I. Cozma, Russell J. de Souza, and John L. Sievenpiper Chapter 22 Mechanisms of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by Dietary Sugars: Methods of Investigation ..........................................................................................315 Qiong Hu and Elizabeth J. Parks Contents v Chapter 23 Dietary Sugars and Dental Health ...........................................................................327 Sára Karjalainen, Eva Söderling, and Adrian Lussi Chapter 24 Dietary Sugars and Cancer Risk ..............................................................................341 Victoria J. Burley and Janet E. Cade Chapter 25 Dietary Sugars and Physical Performance ...............................................................355 Asker E. Jeukendrup Chapter 26 Toward Evidence-Based Policies for Reduction of Dietary Sugars: Lessons from the Alcohol Experience ...................................................................................371 Laura A. Schmidt, Anisha I. Patel, Claire D. Brindis, and Robert H. Lustig Editors Michael I. Goran, PhD, is a professor of preventive medicine and pediatrics at the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California in Los Angeles. He is the founding director of the USC Childhood Obesity Research Center and holds the Dr. Robert C. and Veronica Atkins Endowed Chair in Childhood Obesity and Diabetes. Dr. Goran also serves as co-director of the USC Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute. He is a native of Glasgow, Scotland, and earned his PhD from the University of Manchester, UK (1986). His research has focused on the causes and consequences of childhood obesity for over 25 years. His work is focused on under- standing the metabolic and nutritional factors linking obesity to increased disease risk during growth and development and using this information as a basis for developing interventions for prevention and risk reduction. He has published over 300 professional peer-reviewed articles and reviews and is the co-editor of Handbook of Pediatric Obesity. He has been the recipient of a number of awards including, The Nutrition Society Medal for Research (1996), The Lilly Award for Scientific Achievement in Obesity (2006), and the Bar-Or Award for Excellence in Pediatric Obesity Research (2009). Kim-Anne Lê, PhD, has been studying the effects of sugars and fructose on cardiometabolic risk markers over the past 10 years. She earned her PhD at the Department of Physiology of Lausanne University, Switzerland and completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the Childhood Obesity Research Center at University of Southern California in Los Angeles. She has received research support from the Swiss National Foundation for Science for these activities, and is presently a research scientist at Nestec Ltd, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland. Luc Tappy, MD, is a professor of physiology at the Lausanne University School of Biology and Medicine, and an associate physician in the service of endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism at the Lausanne University Hospital. He has extensively studied the metabolic fate of fructose in healthy humans and in patients with metabolic disorders with the use of tracer methods. As a phy- sician, he has been mainly involved in the dietary management and surgical treatment of obese patients. His research has been supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation and has included research projects funded by Nestlé SA, Vevey, Switzerland, and by the Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Japan. vii
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