Dietary Nutrients, Additives and Fish Health

382 Pages·2015·3.72 MB·English

by  Cheng-Sheng Lee

Dietary Nutrients, Additives,
and Fish Health

Dietary Nutrients, Additives,
and Fish Health
Edited by
Cheng-Sheng Lee
CenterforTropical&SubtropicalAquaculture(CTSA)
OceanicInstituteofHawaiiPacificUniversity
Waimanalo,HI,USA
Chhorn Lim
UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture
AgriculturalResearchService
AquaticAnimalHealthResearchUnit
Auburn,AL,USA
Delbert M. Gatlin III
DepartmentofWildlifeandFisheriesSciencesandIntercollegiateFacultyofNutrition
TexasA&MUniversitySystem,CollegeStation,TX,USA
Carl D. Webster
UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture
AgriculturalResearchService,HarryK.Dupree
StuttgartNationalAquacultureResearchCenter
Stuttgart,AR,USA
Copyright©2015byWiley-Blackwell.Allrightsreserved Forgeneralinformationonourotherproductsandservicesorfor
technicalsupport,pleasecontactourCustomerCareDepartment
PublishedbyJohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,NewJersey withintheUnitedStatesat(800)762-2974,outsidetheUnited
PublishedsimultaneouslyinCanada Statesat(317)572-3993orfax(317)572-4002.
Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.
system,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic, Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailablein
mechanical,photocopying,recording,scanning,orotherwise, electronicformats.FormoreinformationaboutWileyproducts,
exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe1976United visitourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com.
StatesCopyrightAct,withouteitherthepriorwrittenpermissionof
thePublisher,orauthorizationthroughpaymentoftheappropriate LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData:
per-copyfeetotheCopyrightClearanceCenter,Inc.,222
RosewoodDrive,Danvers,MA01923,[phone],fax(978) Dietarynutrients,additives,andfishhealth/editedby
750-4470,oronthewebatwww.copyright.com.Requeststothe Cheng-shengLee[andthreeothers].
PublisherforpermissionshouldbeaddressedtothePermissions pagescm
Department,JohnWiley&Sons,Inc.,111RiverStreet,Hoboken, Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
NJ07030,[phone],fax[phone],oronlineat ISBN978-0-470-96288-6(cloth)
http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. 1. Fishes–Health.2. Fishes–Physiology.3. Fishasfood.
4. Aquaculture. I.Lee,Cheng-Sheng,editor.
LimitofLiability/DisclaimerofWarranty:Whilethepublisherand QL639.1.D542014
authorhaveusedtheirbesteffortsinpreparingthisbook,they 597–dc23
makenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracy 2014049418
orcompletenessofthecontentsofthisbookandspecifically
disclaimanyimpliedwarrantiesofmerchantabilityorfitnessfora 10987654321
particularpurpose.Nowarrantymaybecreatedorextendedby
salesrepresentativesorwrittensalesmaterials.Theadviceand Typesetin10/12pt,TimesLTStdbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,
strategiescontainedhereinmaynotbesuitableforyoursituation. Chennai,India
Youshouldconsultwithaprofessionalwhereappropriate.Neither
thepublishernorauthorshallbeliableforanylossofprofitorany
othercommercialdamages,includingbutnotlimitedtospecial,
incidental,consequential,orotherdamages.
ChhornLim
Thisbookisdedicatedtomywife,Brenda;ourchildren,CheangChhun,Lisa,ChhornJr.,Elizabeth,Brendan
andEdelweiss;ourgrandchildren,Bryent,andMadelyn;ourbrothers,Korn,Daniel(Eang),ThongHor,
MuoyHorandTrauy;oursisters,HuoyKhim,ChhayKhim,SeangHayandHuoyTeang;andournephewsand
niecesfortheirpatienceandunconditionallove.
CarlD.Webster
ThisbookisdedicatedtomyfriendCaroline;mydaughtersNancyAnn,Catherine,andEmma;myMomand
Dad;mybrothersTomandPete;myuncleDavid;myother“children”Lydia,Scout,Stevie,Michael,andIggy;
andtothosewhoarepatientlywaitingformeSamwise,Barley,Darwin,Misty,Shyron,KC,Tillie,andPoppins.
Thisbookisalsodedicatedtoalltheteachersandprofessorswhoinstilledinmetheloveoflearningandthejoys
ofhardwork.AstheimmortalWillyWonkanoted,“Wearethemusicmakers.Andwearethedreamersofthe
dreams.”

Contents
ListofContributors ix
Preface xiii
Acknowledgements xv
1 OverviewofFishImmuneSystemandInfectiousDiseases 1
CraigShoemaker,De-HaiXu,BenjaminLaFrentz,andScottLaPatra
2 Protein,AminoAcids,andIngredients 25
CarlD.WebsterandKennethR.Thompson
3 LipidsandFattyAcids 47
DouglasR.TocherandBrettD.Glencross
4 Carbohydrates 95
Gro-IngunnHemreandDong-FangDeng
5 β-Glucans 111
AnnL.Gannam
6 Vitamins(ExcludingCandE) 125
Shi-YenShiauandYu-HungLin
7 TheEffectofVitaminConFishHealth 151
VivianeVerlhacTrichet,EsterSantigosa,EveCochin,andJacquesGabaudan
8 VitaminE 173
MarisolIzquierdoandMónicaBetancor
9 Minerals 195
CarlD.WebsterandChhornLim
10 Antinutrients 211
ÅshildKrogdahlandAnneMarieBakke
11 MycotoxinContaminationofFishFeeds 237
BruceB.Manning
vii
viii Contents
12 Nucleotides 249
PengLi,JianminZhao,andDelbertM.GatlinIII
13 Prebiotics 271
DelbertM.GatlinIII
14 GastrointestinalMicroorganismsofFishandProbiotics 283
ViswanathKiron
15 OrganicAcidsandTheirSalts 305
ChhornLim,ChristianLückstädt,CarlD.Webster,andPhillipKesius
16 PlantExtracts 321
GalinaJeney,LourensDeWet,ZsigmondJeney,andGuojunYin
17 FeedingPracticesandFishHealth 333
ChhornLim,CarlD.Webster,andCheng-ShengLee
Index 347