Diderma albo-columella (Myxomycetes), a new species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest / Diderma albo-columella (Myxomycetes) uma nova espécie da Floresta Atlântica brasileira

2010·1.5 MB·Portuguese

by  Andrea Carla Caldas Bezerra

Rodriguésia 61(1): 105-108.2010
http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br
Diderma albo~columella (Myxomycetes),
a new species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Didermaalbo-columella (Myxomycetes)umanovaespéciedaFlorestaAtlânticabrasileira
Andréa Carla CaldasBezerra1'3&LaisedeHolanda Cavalcanti2
Abstract
A new species ofDiderma (Physarales, Didymiaceae) was recorded in the Mata Estrela Private Nature
Reserve,RioGrandedoNorteState.Itischaracterizedbysessilesporangia,whiteglobosecolumella,capillitium
irradiating from the peridium, forming three layers, the middle part strongly calcareous, the outer layer
cartilaginous and the inner layer membranous. A key to species ofsessile sporangia Diderma with triple
peridium ispresented.
Keywords: Didymiaceae,Neotropic, tripleperidium.
Resumo
UmanovaespéciedeDiderma(Physarales,Didymiaceae)foiregistradanaReservaParticulardoPatrimônio
NaturalMataEstrela,estadodoRioGrandedoNorte,caracterizadaporesporângioséssil,columelaglobosa,
branca,capilícioirradiandodoperídio,formandotrêscamadas,comapartemedianafortementecalcárea,a
parteexternacartilaginosaeainternamembranosa. UmachaveparaespéciesdeDidermacomesporângios
sésseiseperídiotriploéapresentada.
Palavras-chave: Didymiaceae, Neotrópico, perídio triplo.
Introduction Basanta2008). Among the ten Diderma species
The gentis Diderma was proposed in 1794 found in Brazil, only D. stellulum has a triple
by Persoon, who emphasized the presence of a peridium.
double peridium wall. The type species is D. This paper describes a new species of
globosumandinthisgenusthereare74currently Diderma with a triple peridium and sessile
knownspecies(Hernández-Crespo&Lado2005) sporangiafoundduringasurveyofmyxomycetes
distributedindifferentneotropic countries. Few diversity in an Atlantic forest fragment situated
species have triple peridium, such as D. inRioGrandedoNorteState,NortheastBrazil.A
lohogadense S.D. Patil, R.L. Mishra & Ranade, key to identify sessile Diderma species with
D. nigrum Kowalski, D. petalloides Buyck, D. tripleperidiumis alsopresented.
peyerimhoffii (Maire & Pinoy) H. Neubert,
Nowotny & K. Baumann, D. trevelyanii(Grev.) Material and Methods
Fr.,D. maculatumBuyck,D. stellulumM.L. Farr, Sporocarps were collected on an
D. subasteroidesM.L. Farr,andD.yucatanensis unidentified dead tree in the Mata Estrela
Estrada, Lado & S.L. Stephenson. The last four Reserve, situatedin BaiaFormosamunicipality,
were described for the Neotropics (Lado & RioGrandedoNorteState(06°22’10”-06°22’43”
'BolsistaPós-docCNPq,ProgramadePós-GraduaçãoemBiologiadeFungos,CentrodeCiênciasBiológicas(CCB),UniversidadeFederaldePernambuco(UFPE).
Av.Prof.MoraesRegos/n,CidadeUniversitária,50670-90,Recife,PE,Brazil
2ProfessorAssociadodoDepto.Botânica,CCB,UFP;PesquisadorCNPq1A.
3Autorparacorrespondência:[email protected]
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106 Bezerra, A.C.C. & Cavalcanti, LH.
Sand34°58’29”-35°00’28”W, 1.833,12 ha;45m shining, cartilaginous, dehiscence irregular, the
alt.). Traditionalherbariummethodswereusedin middle layer calcareous, while, thick, dehiscing
collectinganddehydratingspecimens(Farr 1971). simultaneously with the outer layer to which it
The material wasobservedthroughthe light closely adheres, the inner layer yellow,
microscope(LM)underoilimmersionobjectiveand membranous.Collumelasubglobose, 1/3—1/4ofthe
withthescanningelectronmicroscope(SEM). For sporotheca,white,calcareous.Capillitiumabundant,
ultramicroscopic studies, the material was with threads radiating from the inner layer ofthe
Sporocarps prepared for scanning electron peridium,violetbrown,withhyalincextremitiesand
microscopy, were placed on double adhesive short dilatations. Spore-mass dark brown. Spore
cellophane tape mounted on a specimen stub and dark to yellowish brown by transmitted light,
sputteringwithgold-palladium.Thenomenclature globosetosubglobose, 10.5-13.0pmdiam.
followed in this paper is that of Martin & The specific epithet is in reference to
Alexopoulos(1969)andMartinetal. (1983). collumelacolor.
The new species differs from Diderma
Results and Discussion lohogadense. for not having circumscissile
Diderma albo-columella A.C.C. Bezerra & L.H. dehiscence and spinulose spores (Mishra &
Cavalcanti,sp.nov.Typus:BRAZ1L.RIOGRANDE Ranade 1979); from D. nigrum for not having
DO NORTE: Baia Formosa Municipality, Mata brownish to black sporotheca and frequently
EstrelaPrivateNatureReserve.Gameleiratrail,25. lacking columella; from D. subasteroides, D.
IV.2005, dead wood, A.C.C. Bezerra 45132 petalloidesandD. stellulumfornothavingastalk
(holotypeUFP!). Fig. 1-2 andthecharacteristicdehiscence,whichgivesthe
Sporocarpiaggregati, sessili, 0.3-0.4mm nameofthespecies(Farr 1971;Buyck 1983);from
ex toto alt.; sporotheca discoidea, cremeis, D.peyerimhoffiifornothavingaclavatecolumella
p1.eridio eius triplici, medio quidem coriaceo, from which the dark threads of the capillitium
calcareo; columella proeminentae, globosis, irradiate, globose to fusiform expansions and
alba, calcarea capillitio presis vel peridio spinulate spores; irom D. maculatum (species
;
interno; sporis10.5-13.0pmdiam., verrucosis. described for Venezuela) for not having whitish
2.Sporocarps sessile, densely aggregated, peridium, with faint brown spots and the outer
brightyell3.owish-brown,hemispheric-depressedto layermembranous,veryfragile(Buyck 1984);and
discoid,0.4-0.8x0.3-0.5mmdiam.,0.3-0.4mmalt., fromD.yucatanensis,describedforEcuador(Lado
slightly umbilicated above. Hypothallus et al. 2003), for not having stalked sporangia,
membranous, bright and continuous, dehiscence capillitiumthreadsattachedtobeigecolumellaand
mm
irregular. Peridium triple, the outer layer yellow. spores lessthan 10 diam.
KeytosessileDidermaspecieswithtripleperidium
Subglobose on a narrow base, lower part persistent as a cup; dehiscence capillitium almost black,
radiatingfromthecolumella,rarelyanastomosed,withglobosetofusiformexpansions
D.peyerimhoffii
T. Hemispheric-depressed,discoid,circulartoellipticinoutline,seatedonabroadbase;dehiscenceirregular;
capillitiumfiliform,threadsdarkbrownsometimeswithhyalineextremitiesnotradiatingfromthecolumella,
anastomosed, without expansions
Sporangiumwhitish,withfaintbrownspots,spores9.7-10pmdiam D. maculatum
2’. Sporangiumyellowishbrownordarkbrowntoblack,spores 10-14pmdiam 3
mm
Sporangiumdarkbrowntoblack, 1-2 diam.,dehiscencestellate;collumelaoftenabsent,or
reduced to a calcareous, yellowish brown or sometimes white mound at the base of the
sporotheca D. nigrum
mm
3. Sporangiumyellowishbrown,0.4-0.8 diam.,dehiscenceirregular;collumelapresent,globose
tohemispherical,grayishwhite D.albo-columela
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Figure 1 -Didermaalbo-columellaA.C.C. Bezerra& L.H. Cavalcanti-a. sporocarps sessile, denselyaggregated;
b. sporocarpslightlyumbilicatedabove;c. collumelasubglobose;d.capillitiumabundant,withthreadsradiatingfrom
theinnerlayeroftheperidium;e-f. capillitiumandspores(Bezerra45132).
Figure2-Didermaalbo-columellaA.C.C.Bezerra&L.H.Cavalcanti-a.sporangiaopen,exposingthecolumella;
b. arrowshowsthethickwalloftheperidiumandthreadsradiatingfromtheinnerlayer; c. detailsofthetriplewall:
limestone; the outerlayer(pe) andthe middle layercalcareous (pm), thick,with the outerlayertowhich itclosely
adheres (Bezerra 45132).
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