Dictionary of Chemistry and Chemical Technology. In Six Languages: English/ German/ Spanish/French /Polish /Russian

1326 Pages·1966·162.215 MB·

by  Z. Sobecka, W. Choiski and P. Majorek (Eds.)

DICTIONARY OF CHEMISTRY
AND
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
IN SIX LANGUAGES
ENGLISH / GERMAN / SPANISH / FRENCH / POLISH / RUSSIAN
Edited by Z. Sobecka
and
W. Choinski, P. Majorek
PERGAMON PRESS
OXFORD · LONDON · EDINBURGH · NEW YORK · TORONTO · PARIS · FRANKFURT
W Y D A W N I C T WA N A U K O W O - T E C H N IC Z N E
WARSAW
Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford
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Pergamon Press (Scotland) Ltd., 2 & 3 Teviot Place, Edinburgh 1
Pergamon Press Inc., 44-01 21st Street, Long Island City, New York 11101
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Pergamon Press GmbH, Kaiserstrasse 75, Frankfurt-am-Main
Copyright ©1966
WYDAWNICTWA NAUKOWO-TECHNICZNE
WARSAW
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 65-29008
Printed in Poland
by Z.G.K., Poznan
2569/66
EDITOR'S NOTE
This dictionary is a revised edition of the "Dictionary of Chemistry and Chemical
Technology in Four Languages" edited in 1962 by Z. Sobecka, W. Biernacki, D. Kryt,
T. Zadrozna with co-operation of H. Stephen and T. Stephen (Oxford).
The choice of English entries remaining unaltered, the present edition presents
an essentially enlarged publication by inclusion of French and Spanish equivalents
in the basic part and of respective indexes.
The dictionary includes terms from all branches of theoretical and applied
chemistry, chemical engineering, chemical and related technologies and essential
scientific terms frequently encountered in chemical literature.
The terminological content of the dictionary is approximately 12,000, and these
terms and their corresponding equivalents have been checked in current litera­
ture in each of the six languages. As a result of this policy, some English terms
in current use could not be included as the corresponding expressions do not
exist in one or other of the remaining five languages.
Each separately numbered English term refers to a distinct concept as deter­
mined from the existing literature of the subject. This is followed by the cor­
responding German, Spanish, French, Polish and Russian terms as determined from
the literature of those languages. In cases where the same English term is in use
with several different meanings, it is repeated under successive numbers corres­
ponding to these different meanings. As the selection has been based on exact
terminology as found in existing literature, it has sometimes been necessary to
include terms which differ only slightly in meaning. This, however, should prove
of great assistance to readers of foreign literature seeking the exact corresponding
equivalent of a scientific expression.
The names of chemical compounds have been restricted to group names and
to particular compounds of practical importance. Many scientific names, e.g.
Geneva nomenclature similarly expressed in each of the six languages, have
not been included as in the opinion of the editors these would serve no useful
purpose.
The entries are arranged in strict alphabetical order of the English terms and
are numbered consecutively. Immediately following the basic part there is an
index of English synonyms for chemical compounds, to which the user should
refer if he does not find a wanted term in the main text. The German, Spanish,
French, Polish and Russian indexes are arranged alphabetically, referring to the
numbers where the corresponding terms in all six languages are given.
ABBREVIATIONS
En: De: Es:
a adjective Eigenschaftswort adjetivo
appar. apparatus; apparatus Apparate; Apparaten­ aparatos; partes de un
parts teile aparato
biochem. biochemistry Biochemie bioquimica
brew. brewing Brauerei industria de la cerveza
cerarci. ceramic industry keramische Industrie industria ceramica
distil. distillery Brennerei destileria
elchem. electrochemistry Elektrochemie electroquimica
expl. explosives Sprengstoffe explosivos
f feminine weibliches Geschlecht femenino
fats fats and fatty oils Fette und öle grasas y aceites grasos
fuels fuels; gas and coke Brennstoffe; Leuchtgas­ combustibles; industria
manufacture; petro­ erzeugung; Kokserzeu­ del gas y coque;
leum industry gung; Erdölindustrie industria del petróleo
glass glass manufacture Glasindustrie industria del vidrio
m masculine männliches Geschlecht masculino
met. metallurgy Metallkunde; Metallur- metalurgia
gie; Hüttenwesen
min. mineralogy; crystallo­ Mineralogie; Kristallo­ mineralogia ;
graphy graphie cristalografia
n neuter sächliches Geschlecht neutro
nucl. nuclear chemistry Kernchemie quimica nuclear
paints paints and varnishes Farben und Lacke pinturas y barnices
paper paper and cellulose Papier- und Zellstoff­ industria del papel
industrie y de la celulosa
pharm. pharmaceutical industry pharmazeutische industria farmacèutica
Industrie
photog. photography Photographie fotografia
Pi plural Mehrzahl plural
plast. plastics industry Kunststoff industrie industria de plâsticos
rub. rubber industry Gummi- und Kautschuk­ industria de la goma
industrie y del caucho
sugar sugar industry Zuckerindustrie industria del azucar
synth. fibr. synthetic fibres Kunstfaserindustrie fibras sintéticas
tann. tanning Gerberei curtido
text. textile fibres and fi chemische Veredlung tratamiento quimico
modification; dy< der Textilfasern; de las fibras textiles;
Färberei tintoreria
V verb Zeitwort verbo
wat. & sew. water and sewage Technologie des Wassers tecnologia del agua
technology und der Abwässer y de las aguas resi­
duales
ABBREVIATIONS
Fr: PI: Ru:
adjectif przymiotnik npjfjiaraTejibHoe a
appareils; éléments aparaty; czçsci apara- annapaTbi; nacTM anna- appar.
des appareils tów paTOB
biochimie biochemia 6HOXHMMH biochem.
brasserie piwowarstwo niiBOBapeHMe brew.
industrie céramique przemysl ceramiczny KepaMMHecKan npoMbi- ceram.
lUJieHHOCTL·
distillerie gorzelnictwo BMHOKypeHwe distil.
électrochimie elektrochemia 3JieKTpOXHMIlfl elchem.
explosifs materialy wybuchowe B3pHBHaTbie BemecTBa expl.
nom féminin rodzaj zenski JKeHCKMÄ POA f
graisses et huiles tluszcze i oleje 2ΚΗΡΒΙ fats
combustibles; fabrica­ paliwa; gazownictwo TonjiMBo; ra3oeaa M KOK- fuels
tion du gaz et du i koksownictwo; COBaH npOMMUIJieHHOCTL·;
coke; industrie pé­ przemysl naftowy ΗβφΤΗΗβΗ npOMblIUJieH-
trolière HOCTb
industrie verrière przemysl szklarski CTeKOJibHaa npoMbiiii- glass
JieHHOCTb
nom masculin rodzaj mçski MyjKCKOÄ poA m
métallurgie metaloznawstwo; meta- MeTajiJiOBefleHne ; met.
lurgia; hutnictwo MeTaJiJiyprMH
minéralogie; cristallo­ mineralogia; MMHepaJioriiH ; KpMcraji- min.
graphie krystalografia ποΓρβφΜΗ
nom neutre rodzaj nijaki cpeAHMft pop, n
chimie nucléaire che/nia ja.drowa HflepHaH XMMMfl nucl.
peintures et vernis farby i lakiery KpacKM M JiaKM paints
industrie papetière przemysl papierniczy iiejiJiiOJi03HO-6yMax5:Haa paper
i celulozowy npOMblUIJieHHOCTb
industrie pharmaceu­ przemysl farmaceutycz- φ apMai^eBTMHecKaH pharm.
tique ny npoMbimjieHHOCTb
photographie fotografia φθΤΟΓραφΜΗ photog.
pluriel liczba mnoga MH02KeCTBeHHOe HMCJIO pi
industrie de plastiques przemysl tworzyw npOM3BOACTBO nJiaCTM- plast.
sztucznych necKMx Macc
industrie de caoutchouc przemysl gumowy pe3MH0Baa npoMbiuuieH- rub.
HOCTb
industrie sucrière przemysl cukrowniczy caxapHaa npoMbinijieH- sugar
HOCTb
fibres synthétiques przemysl wlókien npOM3BOACTBO MCKyCCT- synth. fibr.
sztucznych BeHHblX BOJIOKOH
industrie de tannage garbarstwo KOHceBeHHoe ΠΡΟΜ3ΒΟΑ- tann.
CTBO
traitement chimique de obróbka chemiczna wló- XMMMHecKaa o6pa6oTKa text.
fibres textiles; teintu­ kna; farbiarstwo BOJiOKHa ; Kpauieniie
rerie
verbe czasownik rjiaroji v
traitement de l'eau et technologia wody TeXHOJIOrMH BOAbI wat. & sew.
des eaux usées i scieków M CTOHHblX BOA
Abel test 2
En: De: Es:
1 Abel test Abeltest m prueba / de Abel
(expl.)
2 aberration Aberration / aberración f
3 abietate Abietat n abietato m
4 abietic acid Abietinsäure / àcido m abiètico
C19H29COOH
5 ability Fähigkeit f, Vermögen habilidad /, capacidad /
6 abnormal a abnorm anormal
7 A-bomb Atombombe / bomba / atòmica
8 abradant Schleifmittel n abrasivo m
9 abrasion Abrieb m abrasion f
10 abrasion test Abriebprobe /, prueba / de abrasion
Abreibungsprüfung /;
Abnutzungsprüfung /
11 abrasive Schleifmittel n abrasivo m
12 abrasive paper Schleifpapier n papel m abrasivo
13 abscissa Abszisse / abscisa /
14 absinthium extract Wermutextrakt m extracto m de ajenjo
(pharm.)
15 absolute a absolut absoluto
16 absolute alcohol absoluter Alkohol m alcohol m absoluto
17 absolute humidity absolute Feuchtigkeit / humedad / absoluta
18 absolutely dry a absoluttrocken absolutamente seco
19 absolute pressure absoluter Druck m presión / absoluta
20 absolute temperature absolute Temperatur / temperatura f absoluta
21 absolute unit absolute Einheit / unidad / absoluta
22 absolute weight absolutes Gewicht n peso m absoluto
3 absolute weight
Fr: PI: Ru:
épreuve / d'Abel, pròba f trwalosci Abla npo6a f A6ejiH 1
essai m d'Abél
aberration f aberracja / aöeppaiiMH f 2
abiétate m abietynian m aöneTHHaT m 3
acide m abiétique kwas m abietynowy aÖMeTMHOBan KMCJiOTa / 4
pouvoir m, capacité f zdolnosc f CnOCOßHÖCTL· / S
anormal nienormalny, nieprawidlo- HeHopMajibHHii, Henpa- £
wy BMJIbHblâ
bombe f atomique bomba / atomowa aTOMHan 6oM6a / T
abrasif m scierniwo n, material m aöpaaiMB m, aopasMBHirfii 8
scierny MaTepiiaji m
abrasion / scieranie n sie.; zuzycie n MCTMpaHue n; a6pa3HBHBift 9
scierne M3HOC m
essai m d'abrasion pròba / scieralnosci; McntiTaHMe n Ha MCTiipa- 10
pròba f zuzywalnosci ΗΜΘ; McnbiTaHMe n Ha H3-
HOC
abrasif m scierniwo n, material m a6pa3MB m, aGpasHBHijiii 11
scierny MaTepnaji m
papier-émeri m papier m scierny ΏΗΐκφθΒΆπϊ,Ηαπ. 6yMara / 12
abscisse / odciçta f aôcuncca f 13
extrait m d'absinthe wycia.g m piolunowy SK'CTpaKT m nojiuHH 11
absolu bezwzglçdny, absolutny aGCOJHOTHBIÜ 15
alcool m absolu alkohol m bezwodny, aocojuoTHMM cnnpT m, 6e3- 16
alkohol m absolutny BOAHbiü cnwpT m
humidité f absolue wilgotnosc f bezwzglçdna aGcojHOTHaa BJiaxcHocTB / 17
absolument sec bezwzglçdnie suchy aÖcojiiOTHo cyxoM is
pression / absolue cisnienie n bezwzglçdne aßcojiioTHoe flaejieHMe n 19
température / absolue temperatura / bezwzglçdna aôcojnoTHaH TeMnepaTypa / 20
unité / absolue jednostka f bezwzglçdna aôcojiiOTHaa eflMHMija / 21
poids m absolu ciçzar m bezwzglçdny aöcojHOTHMii Bec m 22
absolute zero 4
En: De: Es:
23 absolute zero absoluter Nullpunkt m cero m absoluto
24 absorb v absorbieren, aufzehren; absorber
aufsaugen
25 absorbable a absorbierbar absorbible
26 absorbate Absorptiv n absorbato m
27 absorbent Absorbens n, absorbente m
Absorptionsmittel n
28 absorber Absorber m absorbedor m
29 absorbing capacity Absorptionsfähigkeit f capacidad / de absorción
30 absorbing column Absorptionskolonne f columna / de absorción
31 absorption Absorption /, absorción /
Aufzehrung /;
Aufsaugen n
32 absorption apparatus Absorptionsapparat m aparato m de absorción
33 absorption band Absorptionsband n banda / de absorción
34 absorption cell Absorptionsküvette / célula / de absorción
35 absorption coefficient Absorptionskoeffizient m coeficiente m de absorción
36 absorption of light Lichtabsorption / absorción / de luz
37 absorption oil Waschöl n aceite m de absorción
38 absorption pipette Absorptionspipette / pipeta / de absorción
39 absorption refrigerator Absorptionskältemaschine / refrigerador m de absorción
40 absorption spectrum Absorptionsspektrum n espectro m de absorción
41 absorption tower Absorptionsturm m torre / de absorción
42 absorption tower Passette / piato m de la torre de ab­
plate sorción
43 absorptivity Absorptionsfähigkeit f absorbencia /
44 acacia gum arabisches Gummi n, goma / de acacia, goma f
Gummiarabikum n arâbiga
5 acacia gum
Fr: PI: Ru:
zéro m absolu zero n bezwzglçdne aOcojnoTHBiii HyjiL· m 23
absorber absorbowac, pochlaniac; a6cop6npoBa*rb, norjio- 24
wchlaniaé maTt; BnMTbiBaTB
absorbable daja^cy sie. absorbowaé a6cop6npyeMbiü 25
substance / absorbée absorbât m, substancja / a6cop6TMB m, aôcopônpo- 26
absorbowana BaHHoe BemecTBo n
absorbant m absorbent m, substancja / a6cop6eHT m, a6cop6npyio- 27
absorbuja,ca m,ee BemecTBO n, ΠΟΓΛΟΤΜ-
TejiB m
absorbeur m absorber m a6cop6ep m 28
pouvoir m absorbant zdolnosé f absorpcyjna, a6cop6içwoHHaH cnocoô- 29
absorpcyjnosé / HOCTb /, norjiomaeMocTb /
tour / d'absorption kolumna / absorpcyjna aÖCOpßlTMOHHaH KOJIOHHa /, 30
norjiOTMTejibHaH 6auiHH /
absorption / absorpcja /, pochlanianie a©cop6i;MH /, norjiome- 31
n; wchlanianie n Hue n; BnMTbiBaHiie n
appareil m à absorption; aparat m absorpcyjny a6cop6u,noHHbiii anna- 32
tour / d'absorption paT m
bande / de spectre pasmo n absorpcyjne nojioca / cneKTpa norjio- 33
d'absorption meHMH
cellule / d'absorption kuweta / absorpcyjna aÖcopßiiMOHHaa KioeeTa / 34
«coefficient m d'absorption wspólczynnik m absorpcji, κοθφφΜΐ^ΜβΗΤ m aöcopQ- 35
wspólczynnik m pochla- ΙΓΜΜ, Κ03φφΜΙίΜβΗΤ ΎΠ ΠΟ-
niania rjiomeHMH
absorption / de lumière absorpcja / swiatla, po­ norjiomeHMe w CBeTa 36
chlanianie n swiatla
huile f lourde pour dében- olej m absorpcyjny, olej m a6cop6unoHHoe Macjio n, 37
zolage du gaz pluczkowy CKpy66epHoe Macjio n, npo-
MbiBHoe Macjio n
pipette f d'absorption pipeta / absorpcyjna a6cop6m*oHHaH nune-rica f 38
réfrigérateur m chlodziarka / absorpcyjna a6cop6u.MOHHaa xojioßMJib- 39
à absorption Han ManiHHa /
spectre m d'absorption widmo n absorpcyjne cneKTp m norjiomeHMH 40
tour / d'absorption wieza / absorpcyjna aöcopöirwoHHan 6auiHH /, 41
norjioTMTejibHa« 6auiHH /
plateau m (de tour d'ab­ przegroda / kolumny ab- nacceTa /, TapejiKa / no- 4L
sorption) sorpcyjnej, paseta / rjIOTMTeJIbHOÜ KOJIOHHbl
pouvoir m absorbant zdolnosé / absorpcyjna, aocop6u,MOHHaH cnocoö- 43
absorpcyjnosé / HOCTb /, norjiomaeMocTb /
gomme / arabique guma / arabska apaBMftcKaa KaMe/rb f, ryM- 44
MMapaöMK m
acaroid resin 6
En: De: Es;
45 acaroid resin Akaroidharz n resina f acaroide
46 accelerate beschleunigen acelerar
47 accelerator (Tub.) Beschleuniger m, Vulkani acelerante m
sationsbeschleuniger m
48 accelerator retarder Beschleunigerverzogerer Tn inhibidor m del acelerador
(Tub.)
49 acceptor Akzeptor m aceptor m
50 accessories pt ZUbehor n accesorios mpt
!:1 accessory mineral Begleitmineral n mineral m accesorio
52 accidental error zufalliger Fehler m error m accidental
53 accommodation Akkommodation f acomodaci6n 1
54 accretion Ansatz m acreci6n 1
55 accretion Anwachsen n acreci6n f
56 accumulate v akkumulieren, kumulieren acumular
57 accumulation Akkumulation 1, acumulaci6n f
AUfspeicherung 1
58 accumulator Akkumulator m, Akku m acumulador m
59 accuracy Genauigkeit 1, Prazision 1 exactitud 1
60 accuracy of measurement Me13genauigkeit 1 exactitUd 1 en la medida
61 accuracy of readings Ablesegenauigkeit 1 exactitud f en las lecturas
62 acenaphthene Azenaphthen n acenafteno m
H2CoCl0H6oCH2
1__1
63 acetal Azetal n acetal m
64 acetal Azetal n, Azetaldehyddi acetal m
CHsCH(OC2HS)2 athylazetal n
65 acetaldehyde Azetaldehyd m acetaldehido m
CHsCHO
66 acetaldehyde bisulphite Azetaldehydhydrosulfit compuesto m bisulfitico del
compound verbindung 1 acetaldehid0
67 acetaldehyde oxime Azetaldoxim n acetaldoxima 1
CHsCH:NOH