Diagnostic Parasitology for Veterinary Technicians

441 Pages·2012·51.354 MB·English

by  Charles Mackey Hendrix, Ed Robinson

DIAGNOSTIC
PARASITOLOGY
Veterinary
for
Technicians
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Fourth Edition
DIAGNOSTIC
PARASITOLOGY
Veterinary
for
Technicians
Charles M. Hendrix, DVM, PhD
Professor
Department of Pathobiology
College of Veterinary Medicine
Auburn University
Alabama
Ed Robinson, VT
Shakespeare Veterinary Hospital
Veterinary Technology Program Instructor
PennFoster Career Schools
Fairfield, Connecticut
3251 Riverport Lane
St. Louis, Missouri 63043
DIAGNOSTIC PARASITOLOGY FOR VETERINARY TECHNICIANS ISBN: 978-0-323-07761-3
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden
our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become
necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and
using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or
methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they
have a professional responsibility.
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contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of
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and to take all appropriate safety precautions.
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ISBN: 978-0-323-07761-3
Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan
Publisher: Penny Rudolph
Managing Editor: Teri Merchant
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Design Direction: Ashley Eberts
Printed in United States of America
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To John Schlotthauer, who taught me that the most important part
of any veterinary curriculum is the individual student
CMH
To Margi Sirois, who taught me the greatest thing about veterinary
technology is helping others learn about the profession
ER
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PREFACE
Veterinary clinical parasitology is one of the Information on the parasites has been
most important disciplines in any veterinary updated and new parasite information has
curriculum, be it a curriculum training veterinary been added to better prepare the technician
students or one that trains veterinary technicians. for the parasites currently seen in the veteri-
nary practice. A brief synopsis of each parasite
is given before the in depth discussion. This
synopsis includes the parasite genus, species,
ORGANIZATION
host (including other hosts the parasite may
This new edition was prepared to follow the edu- affect), location of adult in host, distribution
cational structure used in parasitology classes in (where available), derivation of genus (many
veterinary technology education. Our textbook provided by Bowman: Georgis’ Parasitology for
is intended to inform the reader of the most Veterinarians), transmission route and com-
commonly encountered internal and external mon name (where applicable). Treatments and
parasites of both domesticated and laboratory preventive measures have been added to the
animals. The text begins with a chapter detail- sections on the major parasites seen in veteri-
ing the language of parasitology, the many terms nary medicine. A new chapter with a quick ref-
that describe the intricate host-parasite relation- erence to the most common parasites has been
ships of veterinary parasitology. These terms are added, containing pictures of the most common
the “framework” of the discipline, the means of parasite ova seen in diagnostic tests. We have
communication among veterinarians, veterinary also made a major improvement with this edi-
technicians, and their clients. Every veterinary tion with the replacement of black and white
practitioner, veterinarian, veterinary technician, photographs with color photographs. We have
or student, must learn to effectively communi- endeavored to use as many color photographs
cate in this language. Each succeeding chapter as possible to assist in the demonstration of key
describes a different parasite group: protozoans morphologic and diagnostic features needed for
(one-cell organisms), trematodes (flukes), ces- proper identification of all classes of parasites.
todes (tapeworms), nematodes (roundworms), A glossary that defines the terms used in the text
acanthocephalans (thorny-headed worms), and an appendix that provides a quick reference
arthro pods (insects, mites, and ticks), hirudine- to each parasite in the book, referenced by spe-
ans (leeches), and pentastomes (tongue worms). cies, have been added.
As with the last edition, each of these parasite This latest edition of Diagnostic Veterinary
groups is described in detail, with special empha- Parasitology was prepared with the veterinary
sis placed on morphology, uniqueness of the life technician in mind. Parasitology is a large part
cycle, and important parasites within the group. of the technician’s job in any veterinary clinic.
Veterinary technicians are responsible for col-
lecting, preparing, and examining fecal tests. In
addition, the veterinary technician is responsible
NEW TO THIS EDITION
for client education in general and parasite edu-
The text begins with a new parasite table arranged cation in particular. The information contained
by host species that provides key information within this text will help veterinary technicians
on each parasite with page numbers for cross- become familiar with the parasites seen in veteri-
reference throughout the book. nary medicine.
vii
viii PREFACE
The flash cards will help the student of para-
EVOLVE RESOURCES–ELECTRONIC
sitology learn the important facts about each
FLASH CARDS
parasite in fun and interactive ways. They are an
Each card contains 10 categories, including scien- exciting new addition to this text, which will help
tific name, common name, derivation of name, make learning and teaching parasitology fun.
audio pronunciation, type of parasite, adult mor-
phology, immature stage morphology, location, Charles M. Hendrix
clinical signs, infection route, diagnostic test, Ed Robinson
zoonosis, human disease, and a unique fact.
CONTENTS
1 Skin, 46
THE LANGUAGE OF VETERINARY
Eye and Adnexa, 49
PARASITOLOGY, 1
Nematodes of Ruminants, 49
Symbiosis, 2 Gastrointestinal Tract, 49
Parasitism, 3 Circulatory System, 52
Life Cycle, 6 Respiratory System, 53
The Linnaean Classification Scheme, 8 Skin, 53
Eye and Adnexa, 56
2 Abdominal Cavity, 56
PARASITES THAT INFECT AND
Nematodes of Equids, 57
INFEST DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 11
Gastrointestinal Tract, 57
Monogenetic Trematodes (Monogenetic  Respiratory System, 64
Flukes), 11 Skin, 64
Digenetic Trematodes (Digenetic  Eye and Adnexa, 66
Flukes), 12 Abdominal Cavity, 66
Eucestodes (True Tapeworms), 12 Nematodes of Swine, 66
Cotyloda (Pseudotapeworms), 12 Gastrointestinal Tract, 66
Nematodes (Roundworms), 12 Respiratory Tract, 70
Acanthocephalans (Thorny-Headed  Urinary Tract, 70
Worms), 13 Musculoskeletal System, 71
Hirudineans (Leeches), 13 Nematodes of Mice, 72
Arthropods, 13 Gastrointestinal Tract, 72
Protista (Protozoa), 14 Nematodes of Rats, 74
Gastrointestinal System, 74
3 Nematodes of Hamsters, 75
INTRODUCTION TO THE
Gastrointestinal Tract, 75
NEMATODES, 15
Nematodes of Gerbils, 75
Nematodes of Importance in Veterinary  Gastrointestinal Tract, 75
Medicine, 16 Nematodes of Guinea Pigs, 76
Key Morphologic Features, 16 Gastrointestinal Tract, 76
External Morphologic Features, 17 Nematodes of Rabbits, 77
Internal Morphologic Features, 18 Gastrointestinal Tract, 77
Life Cycle of the Nematode, 20 Nematodes of Pet and Aviary Birds, 79
Gastrointestinal Tract, 79
4
NEMATODES THAT INFECT
DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 25 5 THE PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES,
CLASS CESTODA, 83
Nematodes of Dogs and Cats, 26
Gastrointestinal Tract, 26 Eucestoda (True Tapeworms), 84
Circulatory System, 36 Key Morphologic Features, 84
Respiratory System, 43 Life Cycle of the True Tapeworm, 87
Urinary Tract, 44
ix