Diabetes

408 Pages·2014·24.19 MB·English

ISSN 1948-9358 (online)
World Journal of
Diabetes
2013 Bound Volume 4 Issue 1-6: 1-377
ISSN 1948-9358 (online) ISSN 1948-9358 (online) ISSN 1948-9358 (online)
World Journal of World Journal of World Journal of
Diabetes Diabetes Diabetes
World J Diabetes 2013 February 15; 4(1): 1-13 World J Biol Chem 2013 April 15; 4(2): 14-46 World J Biol Chem 2013 June 15; 4(3): 47-87
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ISISSSNN 1 1994498--89435584 ((oonnlliinnee)) ISSN 1948-9358 (online) ISSN 1948-9358 (online)
World Journal of World Journal of World Journal of
Diabetes Diabetes Diabetes
World J Biol Chem 2013 August 15; 4(4): 88-161 World J Biol Chem 2013 October 15; 4(5): 162-230 World J Biol Chem 2013 December 15; 4(6): 231-377
Volume End
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W J D World Journal of
Diabetes
Editorial Board
2011-2015
The World Journal of Diabetes Editorial Board now consists of 710 members, representing a team of worldwide
experts in diabetes mellitus. They are from 56 countries, including Argentina (2), Australia (27), Austria (11),
Belgium (5), Brazil (13), Canada (24), Chile (3), China (40), Cuba (1), Czech Republic (3), Denmark (15), Egypt (3),
Finland (5), France (12), Germany (27), Greece (17), Hungary (4), India (28), Iran (8), Iraq (2), Ireland (3), Israel
(10), Italy (56), Japan (31), Jordan (1), Kuwait (3), Lebanon (1), Malaysia (1), Malta (1), Mexico (4), Netherlands (8),
New Zealand (3), Nigeria (2), Norway (2), Oman (3), Pakistan (2), Poland (7), Portugal (1), Qatar (1), Romania (2),
Saudi Arabia (1), Singapore (4), Slovakia (1), South Africa (1), South Korea (15), Spain (24), Sweden (5), Switzerland
(4), Thailand (4), Tunisia (1), Turkey (13), United Arab Emirates (3), United Kingdom (27), United States (213),
Venezuela (1), and Yemen (1).
EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Friedrich Mittermayer, Vienna
Donald W Bowden, Winston-Salem Markus Paulmichl, Salzburg
Lu Qi, Boston Australia Stefan Pilz, Graz
Guntram Schernthaner, Vienna
Sof Andrikopoulos, Heidelberg Heights
STRATEGY ASSOCIATE Harald Sourij, Graz
Hugh Russell Barrett, Perth
Thomas Michael Stulnig, Vienna
EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Bernhard T Baune, Townsville
Ludwig Wagner, Vienna
Undurti Narasimha Das, Shaker Heights Grant Brinkworth, Adelaide
Min Du, Laramie Louise Janet Maple Brown, Casuarina
Gregory I Liou, Augusta Melinda Therese Coughlan, Melbourne
Zhong-Cheng Luo, Quebec Josephine Maree Forbes, Melbourne Belgium
Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Athens Paul A Fournier, Perth
Giovanni Dapri, Brussels
Angela Gialamas, Adelaide
Christophe De Block, Antwerp
GUEST EDITORIAL BOARD Mark Douglas Gorrell, Newtown
Ekaterine Tskitishvili, Liege
MEMBERS Graeme Hankey, Perth
F Andre Van Assche, Leuven
Juei-Tang Cheng, Tainan Anandwardhan A Hardikar, Melbourne
Luc F Van Gaal, Antwerp
Chih-Hsung Chu, Kaohsiung Michael Horowitz, Adelaide
Low-Tone (Larry) Ho, Taipei Karin Jandeleit-Dahm, Melbourne
Cheng-Cheng Hsiao, Keelung Martha Lappas, Victoria
Yung-Hsi Kao, Taoyuan Peter J Little, Melbourne Brazil
Chi Feng Liu, Taipei Xin Liu, Brisbane
Shing-Hwa Liu, Taipei Dianna Josephine Magliano, Caufield Monica Levy Andersen, Vila Clementino
Robyn McDermott, Adelaide Claudia RL Cardoso, Rio de Janeiro
Wayne H-H Sheu, Taichung
Beverly Sara Muhlhausler, Adelaide Ricardo Vitor Cohen, São Paulo
Eing-Mei Tsai, Kaohsiung
Christopher Nolan, Canberra Marcelo Correia, Rio de Janeiro
Chin-Hsiao Tseng, Taipei
Luciano Pirola, Melbourne Cassyano Januario Correr, Curitiba
Yen Tzung-Hai, Taipei
Maryam Rashidi, Victoria Matheus Roriz Cruz, Porto Alegre
Ching-Shuang Wu, Kaohsiung
Karly Calliopi Sourris, Victoria Cintia Chaves Curioni, Rio de Janeiro
Wei-Chung Vivian Yang, Taipei
Greg Tesch, Clayton Freddy Goldberg Eliaschewitz, Rua Goiás
Wen-Chin Yang, Taipei
Jack Ronald Wall, Penrith Rodrigo Jorge, Ribeirão Preto
Owen Llewellyn Woodman, Bundoora Luciana Ansaneli Naves, Asa Norte
MEMBERS OF THE EDITORIAL Júlio César Voltarelli, Ribeirão Preto
BOARD Bernardo L Wajchenberg, Pinheiros
Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni, Maringá
Austria
Christian Heinz Anderwald, Vienna
Argentina
Helmuth Martin Borkenstein, Graz
Canada
Justo P Castaño, Cordoba Walter Hermann Hörl, Vienna
Eduardo Spinedi, La Plata Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Vienna Jean-Luc Ardilouze, Sherbrooke
WJD|www.wjgnet.com I February 15, 2013
Subrata Chakrabarti, London Terezie Pelikanova, Prague Andreas Stefan Mueller, Halle (Saale)
David Cherney, Ontario Karsten Müssig, Tübingen
Mervyn Deitel, Toronto Nahid Parvizi, Neustadt am Rübenberge
Jean-Pierre Després, Quebec Thomas Peter Reinehr, Datteln
David Joseph Hill, London Denmark Michael Ristow, Jena
Tian-Ru Jin, Toronto Charlotte Brøns, Gentofte Sven Schinner, Duesseldorf
Arulmozhi D Kandasamy, Edmonton Jens Sandahl Christiansen, Arhus Peter Egbert Hermann Schwarz, Dresden
Jennifer L Kuk, Toronto Flemming Dela, Copenhagen Konstantinos Stellos, Tubingen
Ismail Laher, Vancouver Kristine Færch, Gentofte Ovidiu Alin Stirban, Bad Oeynhausen
Roger S McIntyre, Toronto Erik L Grove, Aarhus Diego J Walther, Berlin
Joseph Fomusi Ndisang, Saskatoon Louise Groth Grunnet, Gentofte Silvia Anette Wein, Kiel
Raj Padwal, Alberta R Scott Heller, Gentofte Christian Wrede, Berlin
Ciriaco A Piccirillo, Montreal Kurt Højlund, Odense C Dan Ziegler, Düsseldorf
Remi Rabasa-Lhoret, Montreal Filip K Knop, Hellerup
AM James Shapiro, Edmonton Helle Markholst, Måløv
Guang Sun, St. John’s Jens D Mikkelsen, Copenhagen
Valerie Taylor, Hamilton Ole Hartvig Mortensen, Copenhagen Greece
Cory Toth, Calgary Oluf Pedersen, Copenhagen
George P Chrousos, Athens
André Tremblay, Montréal Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, Aarhus
Moses S Elisaf, Ioannina
Vincent C Woo, Winnipeg Milan Zdravkovic, Søborg
Panagiotis Georgoulias, Larissa
James Roscoe Wright, Calgary
Nikolaos Kadoglou, Thessaloniki
Xi-Long Zheng, Calgary
Gerasimos E Krassas, Krini
Egypt Spilios Manolakopoulos, Attiki
Nikolaos Papanas, Alexandroupolis
Chile Mamdouh Moawad Ali Hssan, Cairo Dimitrios Papazoglou, Alexandroupolis
Moshira Abdel Hakim Rateb, Cairo Sokratis Pastromas, Athens
Sebastian San Martin, Valparaiso Mona Farag Schaalan, Cairo
Melpomeni Peppa, Athens
Armando Rojas-Rubio, Talca
Christina Piperi, Goudi
Luis Sobrevia, Santiago
Nicholas K Tentolouris, Athens
Konstantinos A Toulis, Salonika
Finland
Apostolos Tsapas, Thessaloniki
China Siamak Bidel, Helsinki Konstantinos Tziomalos, Thessaloniki
Gang Hu, Helsinki Elias Zintzaras, Thessaly
Pang-Zeng Chang, Qingdao Thomas Kietzmann, Oulu
Jie Chen, Nanjing Qing Qiao, Helsinki
Bernard Man Yung Cheung, Hong Kong Karoliina Wehkalampi, Helsinki
William Chi-shing Cho, Hong Kong Hungary
Tian-Pei Hong, Beijing
Qin Huang, Shanghai Mária Bagyánszki, Szeged
Po Sing Leung, Hong Kong France György Jermendy, Budapest
Chao Liu, Nanjing Karoly Racz, Budapest
Jean Claude Ansquer, Dijon
Jian-Kang Liu, Xi’an Gyula Soltesz, Pécs
Bertrand Cariou, Nantes
Lie-Gang Liu, Wuhan
Sylvie Dejager, Rueil-Malmaison
Ronald Ching Wan Ma, Hong Kong
Naim Akhtar Khan, Dijon
Jin-Sheng Qi, Shijiazhuang
Jean-Philippe Lavigne, Nîmes India
Wing Yee So, Hong Kong
Michel Marre, Paris
Cheuk Chun Szeto, Hong Kong Marie-Claude Morice, Massy Deepak Narayan Amrapurkar, Mumbai
Kathryn Tan, Hong Kong Riccardo Perfetti, Paris C V Anuradha, Tamil Nadu
Cheng-Ming Wang, Yangzhou Gérard Said, Paris Sarika Arora, New Delhi
Cong-Yi Wang, Wuhan Sophie Visvikis Siest, Nancy Pitchai Balakumar, Sivakasi
Yu Wang, Hong Kong Dominique Simon, Paris Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam, Chennai
Guang-Da Xiang, Wuhan Didier Vieau, Villeneuve d’Ascq Subhabrata Chakrabarti, Hyderabad
Bao-Feng Yang, Harbin Abhay Sankar Chakraborti, Kolkata
Shu-Yu Yang, Fujian Tapan K Chaudhuri, New Delhi
Xi-Lin Yang, Hong Kong Kanwaljit Chopra, Chandigarh
Zai-Qing Yang, Wuhan Germany Malabika Datta, Delhi
Shan-Dong Ye, Hefei Ioanna Gouni Berthold, Cologne Debidas Ghosh, West Bengal
Shi-Sheng Zhou, Dalian Christa Buechler, Regensburg Ravinder Goswami, New Delhi
Zhi-Guang Zhou, Changsha Roland Büttner, Heidelberg Pappachan M Joseph, Kerala
Michael Froehner, Dresden Jothydev Kesavadev, Kerala
Hammes Hans-Peter, Mannheim KVS Hari Kumar, Lucknow
Cuba Nadj Herbach, Munich Anoop Misra, New Delhi
Andrea Icks, Düsseldorf Analava Mitra, Kharagpur
Luis Sarmiento-Pérez, Havana Thomas Jax, Neuss Viswanathan Mohan, Chennai
Ulrich Arthur Julius, Dresden S P Murthy, Bangalore
Michael Kluge, Munich Pallavi Panchu, Guntur
Florian Lang, Tuebingen Usharani Pingali, Hyderabad
Czech Republic
Matthias Laudes, Köln Ambady Ramachandran, Egmore Chennai
Martin Haluzik, Prague Ralf Lobmann, Stuttgart Vadde Ramakrishna, Kadapa
Michal Krcma, Plzen Rafael T Mikolajczyk, Bremen Geetha Vani Rayasam, Haryana
WJD|www.wjgnet.com II February 15, 2013
Rajat Sandhir, Chandigarh Ezio Ghigo, Turin Toshihiko Yada, Tochigi
Manju Sharma, New Delhi Carla Giordano, Palermo Daisuke Yasuhara, Kagoshima
Suman Bala Sharma, Delhi Paolo Gisondi, Verona Tohru Yorifuji, Osaka
Tarun Sharma, Chennai Riccarda Granata, Turin
Giorgio Iervasi, Pisa
Claudia Kusmic, Pisa
Jordan
Carmelo La Rosa, Catania
Iran Francesco Landi, Rome Yousef S Khader, Irbid
Mohammad Abdollahi, Tehran Monica Rosa Loizzo, Arcavacata Rende
Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi, Rafsanjan Paolo Magni, Milano
Leila Azadbakht, Isfahan Mariano Malaguarnera, Catania
Kuwait
Hamid Baradaran, Tehran Melania Manco, Rome
Behrooz Broumand, Tehran Piero Marchetti, Pisa Kamal AA Sulaiman Al-Shoumer, Kuwait
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh, Isfahan Massimo Massi-Benedetti, Perugia Ibrahim Fadil Benter, Safat
Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Mashhad Antonio Nicolucci, Imbaro Abu Salim Mustafa, Kuwait
Mohsen Janghorbani, Isfahan Lucia Pacifico, Rome
Stefano Palomba, Catanzaro
Giampaolo Papi, Carpi
Renato Pasquali, Bologna Lebanon
Iraq Piermarco Piatti, Milano Ramzi F Sabra, Beirut
Dario Pitocco, Rome
Saad Abdul-Rahman Hussain, Baghdad
Antonio E Pontiroli, Milano
Abbas Ali Mansour, Basrah
Giulio Marchesini Reggiani, Bologna
Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bergamo Malaysia
Manfredi Rizzo, Palermo Mafauzy Mohamed, Kota Bharu
Raffaella Rosso, Genoa
Ireland
Giuseppe Schillaci, Perugia
Amar Agha, Dublin Leonardo A Sechi, Sassari
Mark Philip Hehir, Dublin Imad Sheiban, Torino Malta
Gerald H Tomkin, Dublin Cesare R Sirtori, Milano Charles Savona-Ventura, Msida
Giovanni Tarantino, Naples
Giovanni Targher, Verona
Donadon Valter, Pordenone
Israel
Alberto Verrotti, Chieti Mexico
Michael Aviram, Haifa Andrea Viggiano, Napoli
Manuel González-Ortiz, Guadalajara
Gal Dubnov-Raz, Tel Hashomer Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Milan
Fernando Guerrero-Romero, Durango
Shimon Efrat, Tel Aviv
Jesus Alberto Olivares-Reyes, Mexico City
Raymond Elias Farah, Safed Rocío Salceda, Mexico City
Oren Froy, Rehovot
Saher Hamed, Haifa Japan
Arid Nakhoul, Haifa Masato Asahina, Chiba
Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, Tel Hashomer Takuya Awata, Saitama Netherlands
Haim Werner, Tel Aviv Yuichiro Eguchi, Saga Sander Kersten, Wageningen
Marina Shargorodsky Zimlichman, Holon Goji Hasegawa, Kyoto Nanne Kleefstra, Zwolle
Satoshi Inoue, Tokyo Edwin Mariman, Maastricht
Eiji Ishimura, Osaka Don Poldermans, Rotterdam
Masayuki Iwano, Nara Han Roelofsen, Groningen
Italy
Takashi Kadowaki, Tokyo Hendrik-Jan Schuurman, Utrecht
Luigi Angrisani, Napoli Eisuke Kagawa, Hiroshima Suat Simsek, Alkmaar
Moschetta Antonio, Bari Masahito Katahira, Aichi Marcel Twickler, Bergen op Zoom
Antonio Aversa, Rome Eiji Kawasaki, Nagasaki
Roberto Baldelli, Rome Noriyuki Koibuchi, Gunma
Giuseppe Barbaro, Rome Kazuhiko Kotani, Tochigi
New Zealand
Alessandro Bartolomucci, Parma Daisuke Koya, Ishikawa
Giuseppina Basta, Pisa Norikazu Maeda, Osaka Paul Hofman, Auckland
Simona Bertoli, Milano Takayuki Masaki, Oita Peter E Lobie, Auckland
Federico Bilotta, Rome Yuji Matsuzawa, Osaka Elaine Rush, Auckland
Fabio Broglio, Torino Kazuaki Nishio, Tokyo
Francesco G Chiarelli, Chieti Kenji Okumura, Nagoya
Sergio Coccheri, Bologna Motoaki Saito, Yonago
Nigeria
Massimo Collino, Torino Toshiyasu Sasaoka, Toyama
Marco Aristide Comaschi, Genoa Michio Shimabukuro, Okinawa Adejuwon A Adeneye, Lagos
Renzo Cordera, Genova Kohzo Takebayashi, Saitama Anthonia Okeoghene Ogbera, Lagos
Francesco Dotta, Siena Hiroyuki Tamemoto, Tochigi
Gagliardini Elena, Bergamo Takashi Togo, Yokohama
Stefano Fiorucci, Perugia Jun Udagawa, Izumo
Norway
Maurizio Galderisi, Naples Yoshinari Uehara, Fukuoka
Amalia Gastaldelli, Pisa Takuya Watanabe, Tokyo Akhtar Hussain, Oslo
WJD|www.wjgnet.com III February 15, 2013
Odd Erik Johansen, Hovik Kyung Mook Choi, Seoul
Won Mi Hwang, Seoul
Oman Eui-Bae Jeung, Chungbuk Tunisia
Ju-Hee Kang, Incheon
Mohammed Al Shafaee, Muscat Sin Gon Kim, Seongbuk-Gu Khaled Hamden, Sfax
Jumana S Saleh, Muscat Sung-Jin Kim, Seoul
Radha Shenoy, Muscat Young-Gyu Ko, Seoul
Turkey
Kang-Beom Kwon, Chonbuk
Myung Gull Lee, Bucheon Ugur Cavlak, Denizli
Soo Lim, Seongnam Teoman Dogru, Ankara
Pakistan
Byung-Hyun Park, Jeonbuk Ersin Fadillioglu, Ankara
Shahid Hameed, Islamabad Seungjoon Park, Seoul Abdurrahman Fatih Fidan, Afyonkarahisar
Jamil A Malik, Islamabad Kun-Ho Yoon, Seoul Muammer Karadeniz, Bornova-Izmir
Jeesuk Yu, Cheonan Cevdet Kaya, Istanbul
Fahrettin Kelestimur, Kayseri
Altan Onat, Istanbul
Poland
Semir Ozdemir, Antalya
Marcin Baranowski, Bialystok Spain Mustafa Şahin, Ankara
Jerzy Beltowski, Lublin Vivencio Barrios, Madrid Ilker Tasci, Ankara
Alicia Hubalewska Dydejczyk, Krakow M Lusia Bonet, Palma de Mallorca Belma Turan, Ankara
Maciej Owecki, Poznań Manuel Vazquez Carrera, Barcelona Serap Yalın, Mersin
Ewa Pankowska, Warsaw Maria Luz Martinez Chantar, Derio
Agnieszka Piwowar, Wroclaw Manuel Aguilar Diosdado, Cádiz
Dorota Anna Zieba, Krakow Javier Espino, Badajoz
United Arab Emirates
Ricardo V García-Mayor, Vigo
José Manuel Gómez-Sáez, Barcelona Ernest Akingunola Adeghate, Al Ain
Oreste Gualillo, Santiago de Compostela Mukesh M Agarwal, Al Ain
Portugal J Alfredo Martínez Hernández, Pamplona Samir M Awadallah, Sharjah
M Graça Pereira, Braga Emilio Herrera, Madrid
Amelia Marti, Pamplona
Merce Miranda, Tarragona
Qatar JF Navarro-González, Santa Cruz de Tenerife United Kingdom
Hong Ding, Doha Alberto Ortiz, Madrid Nisreen Alwan, Leeds
Maria Javier Ramirez, Pamplona Ambika P Ashraf, Birmingham
Eugenia Resmini, Barcelona Chen Bing, Liverpool
Pedro Romero-Aroca, Reus Fay Crawford, Edinburgh
Romania Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Reus Tim M Curtis, Belfast
Elena Ganea, Bucharest Gines M Salido, Caceres Umesh Dashora, Hastings
Adriana Georgescu, Bucharest Victor Sanchez-Margalet, Seville Gareth Davison, Belfast
Helmut Schröder, Barcelona Peter Raymond Flatt, Coleraine
Carmen Segundo, Cádiz Kathleen M Gillespie, Bristol
Rafael Simó, Barcelona Peter John Grant, Leeds
Saudi Arabia Lorna W Harries, Exeter
J Fernando Arevalo, Caracas Nigel Hoggard, Aberdeen
Nigel Irwin, Coleraine
Sweden
Edward Jude, Lancashire
Joanna Hlebowicz, Malmö Andreas F Kolb, Aberdeen
Singapore Kaj S Stenlöf, Göteborg Stefan Marciniak, Cambridge
S Thameem Dheen, Singapore Ann-Britt Wiréhn, Linköping Moffat Joha Nyirenda, Edinburgh
Yung Seng Lee, Singapore Weili Xu, Stockholm Jeetesh Patel, Birmingham
Daniel Ng, Singapore Shao-Nian Yang, Stockholm Snorri Bjorn Rafnsson, Edinburgh
Rob Martinus van Dam, Singapore Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Yorkshire
Latika Sibal, Newcastle
Rajagopalan Sriraman, Lincoln
Switzerland
Ramasamyiyer Swaminathan, London
Slovakia Kaspar Berneis, Zurich Abd A Tahrani, Birmingham
Katarína Šebeková, Bratislava Pascal Bovet, Lausanne G Neil Thomas, Birmingham
Luc Tappy, Lausanne Cecil Thompson, London
Christian Toso, Geneva Paul Henry Whiting, Leicester
South Africa
Md Shahidul Islam, Durban
Thailand United States
Narattaphol Charoenphandhu, Bangkok Varun Agrawal, Springfield
Arthorn Riewpaiboon, Bangkok Mohamed Al-Shabrawey, Augusta
South Korea Rawee Teanpaisan, Hat-Yai Pascale Alard, Louisville
Huneg-Sik Choi, Gwangju Viroj Wiwanitkit, Bangkok Omar Ali, Milwaukee
WJD|www.wjgnet.com IV February 15, 2013
Judith Aponte, New York Hieronim Jakubowski, Newark June Hart Romeo, Cleveland
Balamurugan N Appakalai, Minneapolis Hong-Lin Jiang, Blacksburg Raul J Rosenthal, Fort Lauderdale
Hwyda A Arafat, Philadelphia Ping Jiao, Providence Juan M Saavedra, Bethesda
Carl V Asche, Salt Lake Shengkan Jin, Piscataway Stephen W Schaffer, Mobile
Sanford A Asher, Pittsburgh Arpita Kalla, St Louis Frank AJL Scheer, Boston
Anthony Atala, Winston-Salem Richard Evers Katholi, Springfield Richard E Scranton, Tiverton
Sami Toufic Azar, Beirut Melina Rae Kibbe, Chicago Vallabh (Raj) O Shah, Albuquerque
George Louis Bakris, Chicago Bhumsoo Kim, Ann Arbor Aziz Shaibani, Houston
Alistair J Barber, Hershey Tomoshige Kino, Bethesda Jin-Xiong She, Augusta
Daniel C Batlle, Chicago Julienne K Kirk, Winston-Salem Guo-Ping Shi, Boston
David SH Bell, Birmingham Renu A Kowluru, Detroit Carol Ann Shively, Winston-Salem
Rita Bortell, Worcester Lewis H Kuller, Pittsburgh Anders AF Sima, Detroit
Sebastien G Bouret, Los Angeles Rajesh Kumar, Temple Pramil N Singh, Loma Linda
David Lloyd Brown, Stony Brook Blandine Laferrère, New York Rajan Singh, Los Angeles
Lu Cai, Louisville Sang Yeoup Lee, Mayo Jay S Skyler, Miami
Jack D Caldwell, Erie Cong-Jun Li, Beltsville Dawn Smiley, Atlanta
Anna C Calkin, Los Angeles Ching-Shwun Lin, San Francisco Matthew D Solomon, Stanford
Roberto A Calle, Groton Julie Lin, Boston Mark A Sperling, Pittsburgh
R Keith Campbell, Pullman Shuo Lin, Los Angeles Rakesh K Srivastava, Tyler
Carlos Campos, New Braunfels Peter Lindgren, San Diego Bangyan Stiles, Los Angeles
Heping Cao, New Orleans James F List, Princeton
Yu-Xiang Sun, Houston
Krista Casazza, Birmingham Dong-Min Liu, Blacksburg
Salim Surani, Corpus Christi
Aaron Brandon Caughey, Portland Zhen-Qi Liu, Charlottesville
Arthur L M Swislocki, Martinez
Eileen R Chasens, Pittsburgh George William Lyerly, Conway
Ya-Xiong Tao, Auburn
Munmun Chattopadhyay, Ann Arbor Jian-Xing Ma, Oklahoma City
John A Tayek, Torrance
Xiao-Li Chen, St Paul Rong Ma, Fort Worth
John Gaylord Teeter, New Haven
Sheri Renee Colberg, Norfolk Xin-Laing Ma, Philadelphia
Carlos Marcelo Telleria, Vermillion
Craig Ian Coleman, Hartford David Maggs, San Diego
Christopher Gordon Thanos, Providence
Robert Russell Conley, Indianapolis Kenneth Maiese, Detroit
Ronald G Tilton, Galveston
Colleen M Croniger, Cleveland Kevin C Maki, Glen Ellyn
Doyle M Cummings, Greenville Sridhar Mani, Bronx Serena Tonstad, Loma Linda
William C Cushman, Memphis Suresh Mathews, Auburn Michael Lawrence Traub, Staten Island
Patricia Ann D’Amore, Boston Lauraar McCabe, East Lansing Guillermo E Umpierrez, Atlanta
Patricia Darbishire, West Lafayette Sarah E Messiah, Miami Margrit Urbanek, Chicago
Guillaume Darrasse-Jèze, New York Thomas O Metz, Richland Gabriel I Uwaifo, Baton Rouge
Ravi M Dasu, Sacramento Shannon A Miller, Orlando Volker Vallon, San Diego
Michael Harvey Davidson, Chicago Murielle Mimeault, Omaha Shambhu D Varma, Baltimore
Prakash Deedwania, SanFrancisco Raghavendra G Mirmira, Indianapolis Maria Virella, Charleston
Hong-Wen Deng, Kansas City Prasun J Mishra, Bethesda Hong-Jun Wang, Boston
Teresa P DiLorenzo, Bronx Reema Mody, Grayslake Mark E Williams, Boston
Scot E Dowd, Lubbock Arshag D Mooradian, Jacksonville Nathan D Wong, Irvine
Samuel C Durso, Baltimore Mohammad Reza Movahed, Tucson Guangyu Wu, New Orleans
Krystal L Edwards, Dallas James Mu, Rahway Zhong-Jian Xie, San Francisoco
Alexander M Efanov, Indianapolis Muraleedharan G Nair, East Lansing Ming-Zhao Xing, Baltimore
Azza B El-Remessy, Augusta Manuel F Navedo, Seattle Hariom Yadav, Bethesda
Amy Zhihong Fan, Atlanta Charles B Nemeroff, Atlanta Lijun Yang, Gainesville
Melissa Spezia Faulkner, Tucson Joshua J Neumiller, Spokane Ruojing Yang, Rahway
George S Ferzli, Staten Island Steven Nissen, Cleveland Subhashini Yaturu, Albany
Paolo Fiorina, Boston Hirofumi Noguchi, Fort Worth Joseph Yeboah, Charlottesville
James Edward Foley, East Hanover Craig Nunemake, Charlottesville Dengping Yin, Nashville
Samuel N Forjuoh, Temple Patrick J O’Connor, Minneapolis Yisang Yoon, Rochester
Alessia Fornoni, Miami Erin St Onge, Apopka Yi-Hao Yu, New York
Martha M Funnell, Ann Arbor Wei-Hong Pan, Baton Rouge Kevin CJ Yuen, Portland
Trudy Gaillard, Columbus Naushira Pandya, Fort Lauderdale Ian Stuart Zagon, Hershey
Pietro Galassetti, Irvine Michael R Peluso, Corvallis Robert Yuk-Lung Zee, Boston
Claudia Gragnoli, Hershey Inga Peter, New York Cui-Lin Zhang, Rockville
Jennifer B Green, Durham Axel Pflueger, Rochester James Xuejie Zhang, Richmond
Gary J Grover, Piscataway Gretchen A Piatt, Pittsburgh
Sarah Zhang, Oklahoma
Alok Kumar Gupta, Baton Rouge John D Piette, Ann Arbor
Guixiang Zhao, Atlanta
Werner K Gurr, New Haven Leonid Poretsky, New York
Yang Zhao, Indianapolis
Samy L Habib, San Antonio Walter J Pories, Greenville
Ming-Hui Zou, Oklahoma City
Abdel Rahim Hamad, Baltimore Parviz M Pour, Omaha
Daniel M Herron, New York Wei Qiao Qiu, Boston
Tiffany Hilton, Rochester Teresa Quattrin, Buffalo
Raimund Hirschberg, Torrance Cristina Rabadán-Diehl, Bethesda Venezuela
Michael Francis Holick, Boston Rajendra S Raghow, Memphis
Philip Hooper, Aurora Swapnil Rajpathak, Bronx Fuad Lechin, Caracas
Zhaoyong Hu, Houston Armin Rashidi, Norfolk
Rachel Mary Hudacko, New Brunswick Mohammed S Razzaque, Boston
Yasuo Ido, Boston Beverly A S Reyes, Philadelphia
Yemen
Brian K Irons, Lubbock David Rodbard, Potomac
Pamela Itkin-Ansari, La Jolla Helena W Rodbard, Rockville Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed, Ibb
WJD|www.wjgnet.com V February 15, 2013
ISSN 1948-9358 (online)
World Journal of
Diabetes
World J Diabetes 2013 February 15; 4(1): 1-13
wwwwww..wwjjggnneett..ccoomm
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Contents Bimonthly Volume 4 Number 1 February 15, 2013
REVIEW 1 Insulin therapies: Current and future trends at dawn
Yaturu S
BRIEF ARTICLE 8 Comparison between sitagliptin and nateglinide on postprandial lipid levels:
The STANDARD study
Kojima Y, Kaga H, Hayashi S, Kitazawa T, Iimura Y, Ohno M, Yoshitsugu M, Fujiwara M,
Hiyoshi T
WJD|www.wjgnet.com I February 15, 2013|Volume 4|Issue 1|
World Journal of Diabetes
Contents
Volume 4 Number 1 February 15, 2013
APPENDIX I-V Instructions to authors
ABOUT COVER World Journal of Diabetes Editorial Board Member, Takuya Awata, MD, PhD,
Professor, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical Univer-
sity, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama, Iruma-gun, Saitama-ken 350-0495, Japan
AIM AND SCOPE World Journal of Diabetes (World J Diabetes, WJD, online ISSN 1948-9358, DOI: 10.4239),
is a peer-reviewed open access academic journal that aims to guide clinical practice and
improve diagnostic and therapeutic skills of clinicians.
WJD covers topics concerning α, β, δ and PP cells of the pancreatic islet, the effect
of insulin and insulinresistance, pancreatic islet transplantation, adipose cells and obesity.
We encourage authors to submit their manuscripts to WJD. We will give priority to
manuscripts that are supported by major national and international foundations and those
that are of great clinical significance
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WJD|www.wjgnet.com II February 15, 2013|Volume 4|Issue 1|
Online Submissions: http://www.wjgnet.com/esps/ World J Diabetes 203 February 5; 4(): -7
[email protected] ISSN 948-9358 (online)
doi:0.4239/wjd.v4.i. © 203 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
REVIEW
Insulin therapies: Current and future trends at dawn
Subhashini Yaturu
Subhashini Yaturu, Endocrinology Section, Stratton VA Medi- org/10.4239/wjd.v4.i1.1
cal Center, Albany, NY 12208, United States
Author contributions: Yaturu S solely contributed to this work.
Correspondence to: Subhashini Yaturu, Professor, MD,
Chief, Endocrinology Section, Stratton VA Medical Center, 113
INTRODUCTION
Holland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208,
United States. [email protected] Insulin therapy is effective at lowering blood glucose in
Telephone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
patients with diabetes [diabetes mellitus (DM)]. Insulin
Received: September 14, 2012 Revised: November 15, 2012
is a key player in the control of hyperglycemia for type
Accepted: January 23, 2013
1diabetes patients while it is required at later stage or in
Published online: February 15, 2013
selective individuals in patients of type 2 diabetes. The
discovery of insulin was considered as one of the most
dramatic events in the history of the treatment of dia-
Abstract betes. It was isolated in 1921 with its first clinical use in
1922[1]. The major advances achieved in this area include
Insulin is a key player in the control of hyperglycemia
the synthesis of human insulin analogues by recombinant
for type 1 diabetes patients and selective individuals
technology. Insulin delivery systems that are currently
in patients of type 2 diabetes. Insulin delivery systems
available for the administration of insulin include insulin
that are currently available for the administration of in-
syringes, insulin infusion pumps, jet injectors and pens.
sulin include insulin syringes, insulin infusion pumps, jet
The traditional and most predictable method for the ad-
injectors and pens. The traditional and most predictable
method for the administration of insulin is by subcuta- ministration of insulin is by subcutaneous injections. The
neous injections. The major drawback of current forms ultimate goal would be to eliminate the need to deliver
of insulin therapy is their invasive nature. To decrease insulin exogenously and regain the ability of patients to
the suffering, the use of supersonic injectors, infusion produce and use their own insulin.
pumps, sharp needles and pens has been adopted. The major drawback of current forms of insulin
Such invasive and intensive techniques have spurred therapy is their invasive nature. In type 1 diabetes, good
the search for alternative, more acceptable methods for glycemic control usually requires at least three or more
administering insulin. Several non-invasive approaches daily insulin injections. To decrease the suffering and
for insulin delivery are being pursued. The newer meth-
improve the adherence in insulin regimens, the use of
ods explored include the artificial pancreas with closed-
supersonic injectors, infusion pumps, sharp needles and
loop system, transdermal insulin, and buccal, oral and
pens has been adopted. The search for more acceptable
pulmonary routes. This review focuses on the new con-
methods for administering insulin continues. Several
cepts that are being explored for use in future.
non-invasive approaches for insulin delivery are being
pursued. The success of the route of administration is
© 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
measured by its ability to elicit effective and predictable
Key words: Diabetes; Insulin therapy; Insulin delivery lowering of blood glucose level and minimizing the risk
systems; Oral insulin; Transdermal insulin; Inhaled insulin of diabetic complications. The newer methods explored
include the artificial pancreas with closed- loop system,
Yaturu S. Insulin therapies: Current and future trends at dawn. transdermal insulin, and buccal, oral, pulmonary, nasal,
World J Diabetes 2013; 4(1): 1-7 Available from: URL: http:// ocular and rectal routes. This review focuses on the new
www.wjgnet.com/1948-9358/full/v4/i1/1.htm DOI: http://dx.doi. concepts that are being explored for use in future.
WJD|www.wjgnet.com  February 5, 203|Volume 4|Issue |