Dharmakirti's Thought and its Impact on Indian and Tibetan Philosophy

479 Pages·1999·40.048 MB·English

by  Shoryu Katsura (ed)

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DHARMAKIRTI'S THOUGHT AND ITS IMPACT ON
INDIAN AND TIBETAN PHILOSOPHY
Proceedings of the
Third International Dharmal.irti Conference
Hiroshima, November 4-6, 1997
Edited by Shoryu Katsura
OSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN
PHILOSOPHISCH-HISTORISCHE KLASSE
DENKSCHRIFTEN, 281. BAND
BEITRAGE ZUR KULTUR-UND GEISTESGESCHICHTE ASIENS
Nr. 32
OSTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFrEN
PHILOSOPIDSCH-IDSTORISCHE KLASSE
DENKSCHRIFTEN, 281. BAND
DharmakIrti's Thought and Its Impact
on Indian and Tibetan Philosophy
Proceedings of the
Third International DharmakIrti Conference
Hiroshima, November 4-6, 1997
Edited by
Shoryu Katsura
VERLAG DER OSTERREICIDSCHEN AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFfEN
WIEN1999
Vorgelegt von w. M. ERNST STEfNKELLNER
in der Sitzung am 19. Marz 1999
Gedruckt mit UnterstUtzung durch
The Bukkyo Dendo Ky6kai (Tokyo)
und
The Shibuya Scholarship Foundation (Fukuyama)
Alle Rechte vorbehalten
ISBN 3-7001-2852-5
Copyright © 1999 by
Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Wien
Druck: Ferdinand Berger & Sohne, 3580 Horn

vii
CONTENTS
Frontispiece: Participants at the Conference ........................................................................... v
Contents ............................................................................................................................. vii
Preface ................................................................................................................................. xi
Account of the Third International DharmakIrti Conference in Hiroshima, November, 1997
Program ....................................................................................................................... xv
List of Participants ....................................................................................................... xix
Opening Speech ................................................................................................................. xxi
Proceedings
P. Balcerowicz
Taxonomic Approach to dr~tantabhiisa in Nyayabindu and
in Siddhar~igal)i's Nyayavataravivrti-Dharmaklrti's Typology and
the J aina Criticism Thereof ............................... :..................................................... 1
J. Bronkhorst
Nagarjuna and apoha ........ ...... ...... .... ... .... .... ......... ........... ......... .... ....... ............ ..... 17
R. M. Davidson
Masquerading as prama(w: Esoteric Buddhism and
Epistemological Nomenclature ., ........................................................................... 25
G. Dreyfus
Getting Oriented in the Tibetan Tradition: A Contribution ..................................... 37
V. Eltschinger
SUbhagupta's Srutiparik~akarika (vv. lOcd-19) and
Its DharmakIrtian Background .............................................................................. 47
E. Franco
Two Circles or Parallel Lines? ............................................................................... 63
T.Funayama
KamalaSIla's Interpretation of 'Non-Erroneous'
in the Definition of Direct Perception and Related Problems .................................. 73
1. Ganeri
DharmakIrti's Semantics for the Particle eva ........................................................ 101
B. S. Gillon
Another Look at the Sanskrit Particle eva ............................................................. 117
M.lnami
On the Determination of Causality ....................................................................... 131
viii
T. Iwata
On the Interpretations of the Subject (dharmin) of the Inference
Negating Invariable Entities in DharmakIrtian Logic ............................................ 155
K. Kano
On anyathiinupapatti and avftalavfta .................................................................... 173
R. Keira
KarnalaSTIa's Interpretation of anupalabdhi in the Madhyamakaloka .................... 185
B. Kellner
Levels of (Im)perceptibility: Dharmottara's Views on the driya
in driyanupalabdhi .............................................................................................. 193
T. Kimura
A New Chronology of DharmakIrti ..................................................................... 209
H. Krasser
DharmakIrti's and Kumarila's Refutations of the Existence of God:
A Consideration of Their Chronological Order ..................................................... 215
T. Kyuma
bheda and virodha .............................................................................................. 225
H. Lasic
DharmakIrti and His Successors on the Determination of Causality ..................... 233
C.Oetke
The Disjunction in the Prarnfu).asiddhi ................................................................. 243
E.Franco
Response to Claus Oetke's Paper ......................................................................... 253
C.Oetke
Clarifications ....................................................................................................... 261
H. Ogawa
Bhartrhari on Representations (buddhyakara) ...................................................... 267
K.Oki
pravrtti as an Action of a Person ......................................................................... 287
F. Omae
DharmakIrti as a VarJ.lavadin ............................................................................... 295
M.Ono
DharmakIrti on asiidhiira/:zanaikantika ................................................................. 301
O.H.Pind
DharmakIrti's Interpretation of Pramarzasamuccayavrtti V 36:
sabdo 'rthiintaranivrttivi§i~tan eva bhiivan aha ..................................................... 317
E. Prets
DharmakIrti's Refutation of kevalanvayin and kevalavyatirekin Reasons
in the Light of the Naiyayikas' View ................................................................... 333
ix
M. Siderits
Apohavada, Nominalism and Resemblance Theories ........................................., .. 341
E. Steinkellner
Yogic Cognition, Tantric Goal, and Other Methodological Applications of
Dharmaldrti's kiiryiinumiina Theorem ..................................... " ......................... 349
T. Tani
Reinstatement of the Theory of External Determination of Pervasion
(bahirvyiiptiviida): JiianasrImitra's Proof of Momentary Existence ...................... 363
H. Tauscher
Phya pa chos kyi seng ge's opinion on prasmiga
in His dBu ma'i shar gsum gyi stong thun ............................................................ 387
T. J. F. Tillemans
How Much of a ProofIs Scripturally Based Inference (iigamiisritiinumiina)? ....... 395
N. Ueda
On the Deduction ofvyiipti from the Second Condition of hetu ........................... 405
T. Uno
Ontological Affinity between the Jainas and the Mlmarp.sakas
Viewed by Buddhist Logicians ............................................................................. 419
A. Wayman
Does the Buddhist 'Momentary' Theory Preclude Anything Permanent? ............ 433
H. Yaita
Yogiiciirabhumi and Dharmakli'ti on Perception .................................................... 441
S. Yamakami
Dharmaldrti vs. Bhasarvajfia on Perception ......................................................... 449
C. Yoshimizu
drSya and vikalpya or snang ba and btags pa Associated
in a Conceptual Cognition ................................................................................... 459
Preface
The Third International DharmakIrti Conference was held at Hiroshima International Con
ference Center, November 4--6, 1997. I would like to acknowledge the generous support and
sponsorship of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science as well as the Bukkyo Dendo
Kyokai (Tokyo). Many thanks are also due to the Shibuya Scholarship Foundation (Fukuyama)
which, with the advice of the Hiroshima University Young Buddhist Association, provided a
substantial part of the publication cost of the proceedings.
Nearly one hundred scholars and students of the Buddhist logico-epistemological tradition
and its related areas gathered for the conference and forty-two papers were presented during the
three-day intensive meeting. Some papers are not included in this volume for various reasons; I
hope that they will be published somewhere in the future. Two reports of the conference in
Japanese have been published by Prof. Takashi Iwata (Toyo no Skiso to Shakyol5, 1998, 1-11)
and by myself (Tohi5gaku 96, 1998, 163-168).
The camera-ready copy of these proceedings was prepared by the staff and students of the
Department of Indian Philosophy of Hiroshima University. I would like to thank Prof. Hideyo
Ogawa, Mr. Yoshichika Honda, Mr. Shunichi Fujihara, Mr. Junji Hirose, Mr. Hisayasu Kobayashi,
Ms. Yoshie Kobayashi, Mr. Nobumichi Kusumoto, Mr. Hirotaka Morie, Ms. Kiyomi Nagao, Mr.
Makoto Suehiro, Mr. Toshikazu Watanabe and Mr. Keisuke Yamamoto for their tremendous
efforts to bring these proceedings to the completion. Papers written by some Japanese authors
have been read and corrected by Ms. Birgit Kellner (Hiroshima), Ms. Sara McClintock (Lausanne),
and Ms. Lisa Grumbach (Berkeley). I am grateful to these three young scholars for their kind
help at the final moment of our editorial work.
A few remarks on what follows. Prof. Kimura's new crn'onology of DharmakIrti is essen
tially based upon one Chinese passage from the Guan suo yuan lun ski (llJ!)iJT,~i~t' Dharmapala's
commentary on Dignaga's iilambanaparfiqaV!tti) which contains the two Chinese characters i~
iN, seemingly equivalent of 'DharmakIrti'.· However, it is to be noted that there has been raised
a serious doubt whether the passage can be read in that way. Therefore, we must look for more
substantial evidence before adopting his new crn·onology.
On the first day of the conference there was a heated debate between Prof. Oetke and Dr.
Franco, regarding how to interpret the initial six verses of the PramiilJavarttika PramaI).asiddhi
chapter which are generally believed to contain the definitions of pramiilJa (valid means of know 1-
edge). The same topic was dealt with by Prof. Lindtner and Drs. Dreyfus and Franco at the
previous conference in Vienna. I welcomed this continued discussion and allowed Dr. Franco to
respond to Prof. Oetke's criticism and the latter to further clarify his points. In this connection I
would like to point out that the so-called disjunctive particle va is used in various ways; e.g., the
Al11arakosa III.3.249 (ed. by A. A. Ramanathan, Madras 1971) lists four different meanings, viz.,
upal11ii, vikalpa, avadhara(1a and sal11uccaya. In the particular context of the pramiilJa defini
tion I would like to propose to read va in the sense of atha va, i.e., 'or rather', which has the
function of correcting or modifying a previous statement. It is a common practice among classi-