DEVELOPMENTS IN MATHEMATICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS Volume B: Statistical Physics and Beyond DEVELOPMENTS IN MATHEMATICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS Volume B: Statistical Physics and Beyond Edited by Alfredo Macias, Francisco Uribe, and Enrique Diaz Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-htapalapa Mexico City, Mexico Springer Science+Business Media, LLC Proceedings of the First Mexican Meeting on Mathematical and Experimental Physics, held September 10-14, 2001, in Mexico City, Mexico ISBN 978-1-4613-4965-5 ISBN 978-1-4615-0207-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-0207-4 ©2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York in 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003 http://www.wkap.com 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21 A CLP. record for this book is available from the Library of Congress All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work This book is dedicated to the 70th birthday of Leopoldo Garcia-CoHn and to the 80th birthday of Nicholas van Kampen Contributing Authors • O. Alarc6n-Waess Departamento de Ffsica y Matematicas, UDLA, Puebla, Santa Catarina Martir, Cholu1a 72820 Puebla, Mexico. • Jose Luis Arauz-Lara Instituto de Ffsica "Manuel Sandoval Vallarta", Universidad Aut6noma de San Luis Potosi, Alvaro Obreg6n 64, 78000 San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico. • J. F. J. Alvarado Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato, 38010 Mexico. • E. Avalos Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, Mexico, D.F., 09340 Mexico. • Ruben G. Barrera Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • Ana Laura Benavides Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loon, Guanajuato, Mexico. • J. F. Camacho Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. • M. D. C arbaj al-Tinoco Depto. de Fisica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • R. Castaiieda-Priego Depto. de Ffsica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • F. del Rio Departamento de Ffsica, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana vii viii VOLUME B: STATISTICAL PHYSICS AND BEYOND Av. San Raf~l Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, Mexico, D.F., 09340 Mexico. • Andres F. Estrada-Alexanders Departamento de Ffsica, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, Mexico, D.F., 09340 Mexico. • P. Gonzalez-Mozuelos Depto. de Ffsica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • Augusto Garda-Valenzuela Centro de Instrumentos, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 70-18, 04510 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • Alejandro Gil-Villegas Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad de Guanajuato, LOOn, Guanajuato, Mexico. • L. L. Goncalves Departamento de Ffsica, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Campus do Pici, C. P. 6030, 60451-970, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. • Christian Gorba Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Kennedyallee 70, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany. • E. Haro-Poniatowski Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Ffsica, Apdo postal 55-534, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D.F., Mexico. • Volkhard Helms Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Kennedyallee 70, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany. • M. Hernandez-Contreras Departamento de Ffsica, Centro de Investigaci6n y Estudios Av an zados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional A.P. 14-740, Mexico D.F., Mexico. • J. Hernandez-Rosas Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento ix de Ffsica, Apdo postal 55-534, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D.F., Mexico. • Niza Ibarra-Avalos Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loon, Guanajuato, Mexico. • J. I. Jimenez-Aquino Departamento de Ffsica, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa Apdo. Postal 55-534, Mexico, D. F., 09340 Mexico. • M. Jouanne Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, LMDH, UMR 7603 4 Place J ussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. • Daimler Justo Departamento de Ffsica, Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Iztapalapa, Mexico, D.F., 09340, Mexico. • M. Kanehisa U niversite Pierre et Marie Curie, LMDH, UMR 7603 4 Place J ussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. • Markus Lill Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Kennedyallee 70, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany. • M. L6pez de Haro Centro de Investigaci6n en Energia, U.N. A.M. Apdo. Postal 34, Temixco, Mor. 62580, Mexico. • G. Luna-Barcenas Laboratorio de Investigaci6n en Materiales, CINVESTAV Unidad Queretaro, Queretaro, 76230 Mexico. • Antonio Martinez-Richa Facultad de Quimica, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico. • Jose L. Mateos Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico, Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. x VOLUME B: STATISTICAL PHYSICS AND BEYOND • M. Mayorga Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico Av. Instituto Literario 100, Toluca, 50000 Mexico. • J. M. Mendez-Alcaraz Depto. de Ffsica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • J. F. Morhange Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, LMDH, UMR 7603 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France. • C. Ortfz-Estrada Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya, Celaya, Guanajuato, 38010 Mexico. • Michel Picquart Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Departamento de Fisica, Apdo postal 55-534, Col. Vicentina, 09340 Mexico D.F., Mexico. • G. Ramfrez-Santiago Instituto de Ffsica, UNAM, PO Box 20-364, Mexico 01000 D. F., Mexico, Chemical Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78712 USA. • Angeles Ramirez-Saito Instituto de FIsica "Manuel Sandoval Vallarta", Universidad Autonoma de San Luis PotosI, Alvaro Obregon 64, 78000 San Luis Potosf, SLP, Mexico. • R. F. Rodrfguez Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Apdo. Postal 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F., Mexico. • A. Rodriguez-Lopez Depto. de Fisica, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico D. F., Mexico. • M. Romero-Bastida Departamento de FIsica, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa Apdo. Postal 55-534, Mexico, D. F. 09340 Mexico. xi • Vfctor Romero-Rochfn Instituto de Ffsica, Universidad Nacional Aut6noma de Mexico. Apartado Postal 20-364, 01000 Mexico, D.F, Mexico. • Subir Sachdev Department of Physics, Yale University, P.O. Box 208120, New Haven CT 06520-8120, USA. • I. C. Sanchez Chemical Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX 78712 USA. • J. Tagiieiia-Martinez Centro de Investigaci6n en Energia, U.N. A.M. Apdo. Postal 34, Temixco, Mor. 62580, Mexico. • Paul H.E. Tiesinga Sloan-Swartz Center for Theoretical Neurobiology and Computional Neurobiology Lab, Salk Institute 10010 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. • A. P. Vieira Instituto de Ffsica, Departamento de Ffsica Geral Universidade de Sao Paulo C.P. 66318, 05315-970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. xiii Preface The FIRST MEXICAN MEETING ON MATHEMATICAL AND EXPERI MENTAL PHYSICS was held at EL COLEGIO NACIONAL in Mexico City, Mexico, from September 10 to 14, 2001. This event consisted of the LEOPOLDO GARciA-COLIN SCHERER Medal Lecture, delivered by Prof. Nicholas G. van Kampen, a series of plenary talks by Leopoldo Garcia CoHn, GUnter Nimtz, Luis F. Rodriguez, Ruoon Barrera, and Donald Saari, and of three parallel symposia, namely, Cosmology and Gravita tion, Statistical Physics and Beyond, and Hydrodynamics and Dynam ical Systems. The response from the Physics community was enthusi astic, with over 200 participants and around 80 speakers, from all over the world: USA, Canada, Mexico, Germany, France, Holland, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Spain, and Hungary. The main aim of the conference is to provide a scenario to Mexican researchers on the topics of Mathematical and Experimental Physics in order to keep them in contact with work going on in other parts of the world and at the same time to motivate and support the young and mid career researchers from our country. To achieve this goal, we decided to invite as lecturers the most distinguished experts in the subjects of the conference and to give the opportunity to young scientist to communi cate the results of their work. The plan is to celebrate this international endeavor every three years. The most outstanding researcher at Universidad Autonoma Metropoli tana is Leopoldo Garda-CoHn. His devotion to science and high level of energy and enthusiasm that he brings to his research and teaching are very much appreciated by his students and collaborators. Therefore, the Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana (UAM) instituted in 2001 the Leopoldo Garda-Colfn Medal, which will be awarded every three years. The medal is given in his honor regarded as one of the greatest mexican physicist of the 20th century and a Distinguished Professor of our U ni versity. The Leopoldo Garda-Colfn Medal award recognizes outstanding scientists, in the developing and advanced countries, who have made outstanding contributions to theoretical physics. It is the highest recog nition accorded by the UAM for excellence in scientific research to whom has significantly contributed to the advancement of science. The main goal of this award is to promote the academic activities at UAM by means of the wisdom of the medal winners.