Developing iOS Apps Today

131 Pages·2013·21.53 MB·English

by  Apple Inc.

Start Developing iOS Apps Today
Contents
Introduction 5
Setup 6
GettheTools 7
Tutorial: Basics 8
CreateaNewProject 9
GetFamiliarwithXcode 11
RuniOSSimulator 12
ReviewtheSourceCode 14
CreateaStoryboard 17
AddaScenetoYourStoryboard 19
TestYourChanges 23
BuildtheBasicInterface 23
Recap 28
Structuring an App 29
App Development Process 30
DefiningtheConcept 30
DesigningaUserInterface 31
DefiningtheInteraction 31
ImplementingtheBehavior 32
ObjectsAreBuildingBlocksforApps 32
ClassesAreBlueprintsforObjects 32
ObjectsCommunicateThroughMessages 33
ProtocolsDefineMessagingContracts 34
IncorporatingtheData 34
UsetheRightResources 34
IncorporateRealData 35
Designing a User Interface 36
TheViewHierarchy 36
BuildinganInterfaceUsingViews 37
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Contents
UseStoryboardstoLayOutViews 38
UseInspectorstoConfigureViews 40
UseAutoLayouttoPositionViews 41
Defining the Interaction 42
ViewControllers 42
Actions 43
Outlets 44
Controls 44
NavigationControllers 45
UseStoryboardstoDefineNavigation 45
Tutorial: Storyboards 47
AdoptAutoLayout 48
CreatingaSecondScene 50
DisplayStaticContentinaTableView 53
AddaSeguetoNavigateForward 55
CreateCustomViewControllers 63
UnwindaSeguetoNavigateBack 66
Recap 68
Implementing an App 69
Incorporating the Data 70
DesigningYourModel 70
ImplementingYourModel 71
Using Design Patterns 72
MVC 72
Target-Action 73
Delegation 73
Working with Foundation 75
ValueObjects 75
Strings 76
Numbers 77
CollectionObjects 78
Arrays 78
Sets 82
Dictionaries 83
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Contents
RepresentnilwithNSNull 84
Writing a Custom Class 86
DeclaringandImplementingaClass 87
Interface 87
Implementation 87
PropertiesStoreanObject’sData 88
MethodsDefineanObject’sBehavior 89
MethodParameters 90
ImplementingMethods 91
Tutorial: Add Data 93
CreateaDataClass 94
LoadtheData 95
DisplaytheData 98
MarkItemsasCompleted 102
AddNewItems 105
Recap 111
Next Steps 112
iOS Technologies 113
UserInterface 113
Games 114
Data 115
Media 115
Finding Information 116
UseContextualHelpArticlesforXcodeGuidance 116
UseGuidesforGeneralandConceptualOverviews 118
UseAPIReferenceforClassInformation 119
UseQuickHelpforContextualSourceCodeInformation 124
UseSampleCodetoSeeReal-WorldUsage 126
Where to Go from Here 128
TakingtheToDoListApptotheNextLevel 129
Document Revision History 130
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Introduction
● “Setup” (page 6)
● “Tutorial:Basics” (page 8)
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Setup
StartDevelopingiOSAppsToday providestheperfectstartingpointforiOSdevelopment.OnyourMac,you
cancreateiOSappsthatrunoniPad,iPhone,andiPodtouch.Viewthisguide’sfourshortmodulesasagentle
introductiontobuildingyourfirstapp—includingthetoolsyouneedandthemajorconceptsandbestpractices
thatwilleaseyourpath.
Thefirstthreemoduleseachendwithatutorial,whereyou’llimplementwhatyou’velearned.Attheendof
thelasttutorial,you’llhavecreatedasimpleto-dolistapp.
Afteryou’vebuiltyourfirstappinthisguideandareconsideringyournextendeavor,readthefourthmodule.
Itexploresthetechnologiesandframeworksyoumightconsideradoptinginyournextapp.You’llbeonyour
waytokeepingyourcustomersengagedandlookingforwardtothenextgreatthing.
Eventhoughthisguidetakesyouthrougheverystepofbuildingasimpleapp,tobenefitmostithelpstobe
acquaintedwithcomputerprogrammingingeneralandwithobject-orientedprogramminginparticular.
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Setup
GettheTools
Get the Tools
Beforeyoucanstartdevelopinggreatapps,setupadevelopmentenvironmenttoworkinandmakesureyou
havetherighttools.
App Store Xcode Download
TodevelopiOSapps,youneed:
● AMaccomputerrunningOSX10.7(Lion)orlater
● Xcode
● iOSSDK
XcodeisApple’sintegrateddevelopmentenvironment(IDE).Xcodeincludesasourceeditor,agraphicaluser
interfaceeditor,andmanyotherfeatures.TheiOSSDKextendstheXcodetoolsettoincludethetools,compilers,
andframeworksyouneedspecificallyforiOSdevelopment.
YoucandownloadthelatestversionofXcodeforfreefromtheAppStoreonyourMac.(TheAppStoreappis
installedwithOSXversion10.7andlater.IfyouhaveanearlierversionofOSX,youneedtoupgrade.)TheiOS
SDKisincludedwithXcode.
TodownloadthelatestversionofXcode
1. OpentheAppStoreapponyourMac(bydefaultit’sintheDock).
2. Inthesearchfieldinthetop-rightcorner,typeXcodeandpresstheReturnkey.
3. ClickFree .
Xcodeisdownloadedintoyour/Applicationsdirectory.
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Tutorial: Basics
Thistutorialtakesyouthroughthebasicsofwhatanappis,totheprocessofcreatingasimpleuserinterface,
andontoaddingthecustombehaviorthattransformstheinterfaceintoaworkingapp.
FollowthistutorialtolearnthebasicsofiOSappdevelopment,including:
● HowtouseXcodetocreateandmanageaproject
● HowtoidentifythekeypiecesofanXcodeproject
● Howtoaddstandarduserinterfaceelementstoyourapp
● Howtobuildandrunyourapp
Afteryoufinishthetutorial,you’llhaveanappthatlookssomethinglikethis:
Tokeepthingssimple,thetutorialprojecthasonlyaniPhoneinterface,butyouusetheexactsametoolsand
techniquestodevelopaniPadapp.ThistutorialusesXcode5.0andiOSSDK7.0.
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Tutorial:Basics
CreateaNewProject
Create a New Project
Togetstarteddevelopingyourapp,createanewXcodeproject.
Xcodeincludesseveralbuilt-inapptemplatesthatyoucanusetodevelopcommonstylesofiOSapps,such
asgames,appswithtab-basednavigation,andtable-view-basedapps.Mostofthesetemplateshave
preconfiguredinterfaceandsourcecodefilesforyoutostartworkingwith.Forthistutorial,you’llstartwith
themostbasictemplate:EmptyApplication.
WorkingwiththeEmptyApplicationtemplatewillhelpyouunderstandthebasicstructureofaniOSappand
howcontentgetsonscreen.Afteryou’velearnedhoweverythingworks,youcanuseoneoftheothertemplates
foryourownapptosaveyourselfsomeconfigurationtime.
Tocreateanewemptyproject
1. OpenXcodefromthe/Applicationsdirectory.
TheXcodewelcomewindowappears.
Ifaprojectwindowappearsinsteadofthewelcomewindow,don’tworry—youprobablycreatedoropened
aprojectinXcodepreviously.Justusethemenuiteminthenextsteptocreatetheproject.
2. Inthewelcomewindow,click“CreateanewXcodeproject”(orchooseFile>New>Project).
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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Tutorial:Basics
CreateaNewProject
Xcodeopensanewwindowanddisplaysadialoginwhichyoucanchooseatemplate.
3. IntheiOSsectionattheleftofthedialog,selectApplication.
4. Inthemainareaofthedialog,clickEmptyApplicationandthenclickNext.
5. Inthedialogthatappears,nameyourappandchooseadditionaloptionsforyourproject.
Usethefollowingvalues:
● ProductName:ToDoList
2013-10-22 | Copyright © 2013 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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