Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift

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Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 65 (2) 2018, 117-253
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ISSN: 1435-1951 (print), 1860-1324 (online)
Sonja Wedmann, Messel, Germany Abbreviated keys title: Dtsch. Entomol. Z.
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In Focus
The cover picture shows Quedius fuliginosus (Gravenhorst).
See paper of Salnitska M & Solodovnikov A Revision of the
Quedius fauna of Middle Asia (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae,
Staphylininae)
Cover design
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Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift
An InternationalJournal of Systematic Entomology
Content of volume 65 (2) 2018
Maria Salnitska, Alexey Solodovnikov
Revision of the Quedius fauna of Middle Asia (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae,
Staphylininae) 117
Bruno Massa, Klaus-Gerhard Heller, Elzbieta Warchatowska-Sliwa, Nicolas Moulin
The tropical African genus Morgenia (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Phaneropterinae)
with emphasis on the spur at the mid tibia 161
James K. Liebherr
Taxonomic review of Australian Mecyclothorax Sharp (Coleoptera, Carabidae,
Moriomorphini) with special emphasis on the M. lophoides (Chaudoir)
species complex 177
Michael J. Sharkey, Eric G. Chapman
Revision of Zosteragathis Sharkey of Thailand (Hymenoptera, Braconidae,
Agathidinae, Agathidini) 225
Abstract & Indexing Information
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Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 65 (2) 2018, 117-159 i DOI 10.3897/dez.65.27033
4>yEnsPFr.
^^MUSEUM FUR
V ^^iZ^)lN!U^NAAATTTUIUIDRRiKKriUll NDE
BERLIN
Revision of the Quedius fauna of Middle Asia (Coleoptera,
Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)
Maria Salnitska\ Alexey Solodovnikov^
1 Department of Entomology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7/9, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen 2100 Denmark
http://zoobank.org/BlA8523C-A463-4FC4-A0C3-072C2E78BA02
Corresponding authors; Maria Salnitska ([email protected]); Alexey Solodovnikov ([email protected])
Abstract
Received 29 May 2018
Accepted 6 July 2018 Twenty eight species of the genus Quedius from Middle Asia comprising Kazakhstan,
Published 31 July 2018 Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, are revised. Quedius altaicus
Korge, 1962, Q. capitalis Eppelsheim, 1892, Q. fusicornis Luze, 1904, Q. solskyi Luze,
Academic editor: 1904 and Q. cohaesus Eppelsheim, 1888 are redescribed. The following new synonymies
James Liebherr are established: Q. solskyi Euze, 1904 = Q. asiaticus Bernhauer, 1918, syn. n.; Q. cohae¬
sus Eppelsheim, 1888 = Q. turkmenicus Coilfait, 1969, syn. n., = Q. afghanicus Coiffait,
1977, syn. n.; Q. hauseri Bernhauer, 1918 = g. peneckei Bernhauer, 1918, syn. n., = Q.
Key Words
ouzbekiscus Coiffait, 1969, syn. n.; Q. imitator Luze, 1904 = Q. tschinganensis Coiffait,
1969, syn. n.; Q. novus Eppelsheim, 1892 = Q. dzambulensis Coiffait, 1967, syn. n.,
Staphylininae
Q. pseudonigriceps Reitter, 1909 = Q. kirklarensis Korge, 1971, syn. n. Eectotypes are
Staphylinini
designated for Q. asiaticus Bernhauer, 1918, Q. fusicornis Euze, 1904, Q. hauseri Ber¬
Quedius
nhauer, 1918, Q. imitator Euze, 1904, Q. novus Eppelsheim, 1892 and Q. solskyi Euze,
Middle Asia
1904. For all revised species, taxonomy, distribution and bionomics are summarized.
taxonomy
Quedius fuliginosus (Gravenhorst, 1802), Q. sundukovi Smetana, 2003 and Q. pseudon¬
synonymy
igriceps Reitter, 1909 are recorded for Middle Asia for the first time. One species from
lectotype designation
the Q. coloratus-gxou^, found to be new to science is not described due to shortage of
key to species
material. Another possibly new species is tentatively identified as Q. fulvicollis Stephens,
1833 until the taxonomy of that widespread species is revised. An identification key to
all species is provided.
Introduction
study and reclassification of this genus. Such taxonomic
work is also important for an overall inventory and under¬
The rove beetle genus Quedius Stephens, 1829 is one of standing of the Palaearctic entomofauna. Unfortunately,
the largest in the family Staphylinidae. Even according to our knowledge of the Palaearctic Quedius is uneven and
a recent phylogenetic study (Brunke et al. 2016) which in some places very limited. For example, hardly any¬
restricted Quedius to a cluster of lineages confined mostly thing has been done on Quedius of North Africa, Middle
to the Holarctic region, it remains a very speciose taxon Asia, or Near and Middle East.
to deal with. The greatest diversity of Quedius in this re¬ This paper aims to fill one of these knowledge gaps
stricted sense, ca. 700 species, is confined to the humid ar¬ and focuses on Quedius of Middle Asia in the sense of
eas of the Palaearctic region (Herman 2001; Schiilke and Cowan (2007), i.e. the area covering five countries: Ka¬
Smetana 2015). A satisfactory alpha-taxonomic knowl¬ zakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uz¬
edge of the mega-diverse Palaearctic fauna of Quedius bekistan (Fig. 1). These countries are indeed dominated
is crucial for implementing a badly needed phylogenetic by arid landscapes and their faunas have much in com-
Copyright Maria Salnitska, Alexey Solodovnikov. This is an open access articie distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY
4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the originai author and source are credited.
118 Maria Sainitska & Alexey Solodovnikov: Revision of the Quedius fauna of Middle Asia...
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Figure 1. Middle Asia, our study region comprising five countries according to Cowan (2007).
mon (Kryzhanovsky 1965). However, one must bear in Material and methods
mind the poor correspondence of this large territory to
biogeography. Due to certain patterns of geography, land¬ Depositories of material
scape mosaic and biogeographic history, various areas of
Middle Asia may show stronger faunal connections with Material for this paper is deposited in the public institu¬
other respective neighboring regions than to each other. tions and private collections abbreviated as follows:
Nevertheless, we limit our paper by the formal political
borders of the listed countries for practical reasons. As FMNH Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago,
the former republics of the Soviet Union, they often were USA (C. Mayer, M. Thayer, A. Newton)
(and often still are) studied together. As a result, legacy HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest,
taxonomic and faunistic literature considers Middle Asia Hungary (G. Makranczy)
largely within these borders. MNHN National Museum of Natural History, Paris,
Where necessary, we have considered literature or ma¬ France (A. Taghavian)
terial from areas outside Middle Asia. However, species NHMD Natural History Museum of Denmark (for¬
known only from outside this region were not included mer ZMUC, Zoological Museum of the Uni-
in this paper. One rather specialized and distinct group veristy of Copenhagen) (A. Solodovnikov,
of species related to Quedius {Microsaurus) mutilatus, S. Selvantharan)
which comprises endemic Middle Asian species with nar¬ NMW Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria
row montane distributions, has been revised in a separate (H. Schillhammer)
publication (Sainitska and Solodovnikov 2018). Howev¬ ZIN Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sci¬
er, species of the Q. mutilatus group are here included in ences, St. Petersburg, Russia (B.A. Korotyaev)
the identification key to all species of Quedius currently ZMLU Zoological Museum (part of the Biolog¬
known from Middle Asia. We hope that this taxonomic re¬ ical Museum, Lund University), Sweden
vision and the first specialized key of Middle Asian Quedi¬ (C. Fagerstrom)
us will stimulate further investigations of the genus in this ZMMU Zoological Museum of Moscow University,
and adjacent poorly known areas of the Palaearctic region. Moscow, Russia (N.B. Nikitsky)
dez.pensoft.net
Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 65 (2) 2018, 117-159 119
cAss Private collection of V. Assing, Hannover, 1988, 1992, 1995b, 1996, 2001, 2015a, 2017), species
Germany groups proposed for the fauna of China (Smetana 2017)
cKoc Private collection of M. Kocian, Praha, Czech are worth consideration, especially given that the large
Republic Xinjiang province of the north-western China borders
cKur Private collection of S.A. Kurbatov, Moscow, with Middle Asia via Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakh¬
Russia stan. However, that large province of China seems to be
cRyv Private collection of A.B. Ryvkin, Moscow, one of the least explored areas there, what can be seen for
Russia example, from the lacking records for any wide-spread
cSch Private collection of M. Schiilke, Berlin, Ger¬ Middle Asian species from that province. Therefore, plac¬
many (to be deposited at the Museum of Natu¬ ing Middle Asian species in the species groups of Smetana
ral History, Berlin, Germany) (2017) was not possible, at least without extensive direct
comparisons with the material from China. We can only
propose that among the Middle Asian species, Q. hauseri
Preparation, examination and illnstration of specimens
and a species tentatively identified here as Q. fulvicollis
Specimens were examined with Lomo MSP-2 ver. 2 and may be related to the Chinese muscicola-group. Also, it
Leica M125 dissecting scopes. Habitus and genitalia pho¬ should be noted that Smetana (2017) placed Q. koltzei in
tographs were obtained using a Nikon SMZ 1500 binocular its own monotypic species group. We should also point to
microscope with a Nikon D700 digital SLR camera. Illus¬ our disagreement with Smetana (2017) who considers Q.
trations of the male genitalia were done from soft prepara¬ equus a member of the przewalskii-gxo\x^, while we place
tions of these structures in glycerin (after dissecting, mac¬ it in the mutilatus-group (Salnitska and Solodovnikov
eration in 10% KOH, and rinsing in distilled water) using a 2018, and here). These disagreements are not essential for
drawing tube attached to a Nikon SMZ 1500 binocular mi¬ the taxonomic purposes of this paper and they once again
croscope. All dissected aedeagi are kept in glycerin in gen¬ call for a necessity of a large-scale phylogenetic study of
italia microvials pinned under their respective specimens. Quedius. All species treated in this revision are also listed
alphabetically in Table 1.
Measurements
Distribution maps
Measurements were taken at X4.5 magnification using an
ocular micrometer. They are abbreviated as follows: HL All distributions were mapped using QGIS 2.12.0 and
- head length (from base of labrum to neck constriction geographical coordinates indicated on the original locality
along the head midline); HW - head width (maximum, labels of the specimens. In the case of older, non-georefer-
including eyes); PL - pronotum length (along midline); enced labels, we used approximate geographic coordinates
PW - pronotum width (maximum); EL - length of elytra that we were able to find for the respective toponyms with
(from humerus to the most distal part of the elytral poste¬ the aid of various printed maps or online systems (Google
rior margin); EW- width of elytra (maximum, with elytra Maps, Google Earth, Global Gazetteer version 2.3 and oth¬
closed along suture). Overall body length was measured ers). Ambiguously indicated localities are cited verbatim
from apex of labrum to apex of abdomen. in the ‘Material examined’ sections and taken in quotation
marks. All our interpretations for such localities are given
in square brackets. Those of which that are mapped are
Type material
also given with their approximate coordinates in Table 2.
Where possible type material was examined and sup¬
plied with our standard respective labels indicating the
Results
revised status or identity of the respective type speci¬
mens. All original labels of the type specimens are cited
verbatim in the ‘Material examined’ sections and, where Borders and geography of Middle Asia
available, photographed.
The term “Middle Asia” is somewhat fuzzy in the geo¬
graphical or historical literature. For example, sometimes
Classification
Kazakhstan is considered as a part of Middle Asia, some¬
We use conventional subdivision of the genus Quedius times an expression “Middle Asia and Kazakhstan” is
into subgenera as in e.g. Schiilke and Smetana (2015). used. Often the distinction between “Middle Asia” and
Within the subgenera we list species so that those we pre¬ “Central Asia” is not clear. English-language publications
sume to be closely related appear close to each other. Ex¬ have used “Central Asia” to refer to areas of the former
cept the recently defined coloratus-gxou^ (Assing 2017) USSR, to areas of China and Mongolia and to areas that
and mutilatus-group (Salnitska and Solodovnikov 2018), cross the former Soviet/Chinese border. To avoid this am¬
we cannot use any of the hitherto proposed species groups biguity we follow Cowan (2007) and use “Middle Asia” to
in Quedius. Species groups of Coiffait (1978) for the West refer to Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan
Palaearctic fauna are very outdated, inconsistent and even and Kyrgyzstan collectively. The geographic area covered
lack any diagnoses. Among those of Smetana (1971, by these five countries is a subject of this paper (Fig. 1). In
dez.pensoft.net
120 Maria Salnitska & Alexey Solodovnikov: Revision of the Quedius fauna of Middle Asia...
the west, Middle Asia is bordered by the Caspian Sea and earlier literature. For example, three species described from
the state border between Russia and Kazakhstan, nearly Middle Asia by Euze (1904), Q. (M) fusicornis, Q. (M)
coinciding with the Volga River. In the north. Middle Asia rufilabris and Q. (M) solskyi, were entirely overlooked in
is outlined by the long administrative border between Ka¬ the influential monograph of Coiffait (1978) and have not
zakhstan and Russia. In the east. Middle Asia borders with been studied since their original description. The most un¬
north-western China through the eastern administrative fortunate flaw of Coiffait’s taxonomy was an artificial and
borders of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. In the over-splitting approach to species. As a result, all species of
south, it is outlined by the northern borders of Afghanistan Quedius from Middle Asia he described as new, except Q.
and Iran. While large areas of Kazakhstan and Turkmeni¬ (M) tadjikiscus, turned out to be synonyms here.
stan are covered by more or less flat, desert landscape, east¬ Finally, some bionomic and distributional data on Mid¬
ern and south-eastern Kazakhstan, as well as Kyrgyzstan dle Asian Quedius were published by local authors sta¬
and Tajikistan are mainly montane countries with com¬ tioned in that region (Kascheev, 1984-2002; Kadyrov et
plex relief and a diverse landscape mosaic. In north-east¬ al, 2014a, b; Gabdullina, 2016). With the scattered, con¬
ern Kazakhstan, the Altai mountain chain stretches into fusing and then poorly accessible taxonomic literature on
Middle Asia from Russia. In eastern Kazakhstan, as well Quedius, no surprise that their local faunistic papers were
as in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, the area is dominated by greatly infested by incorrect species identifications. Ex¬
the vast mountain systems of Tien Shan and Pamir. Large amination of the material collected by Kascheev (1984-
lakes like the Aral Sea, Balkhash, Issyk-Kul, and rivers 2002), now deposited at ZIN, largely helped to reveal
like Amu Darya or Syr Darya are significant elements in such misidentiflcations summed up in the Table 1 here.
the geography of Middle Asia as well. Overall, due to a hitherto lacking targeted contempo¬
rary taxonomic investigation of the Middle Asian Quedius,
identity of the majority of species described from, or re¬
History of the study of Quedius of Middle Asia
corded for, that region remained highly ambiguous. Most
Middle Asia is the region in the western Palaearctic where of the species described from Middle Asia needed broad¬
published data about Quedius remained the most fragmen¬ er comparisons and a revision of the type material. At the
tary and confusing, limited to a number of scattered and same time, a number of widespread species from Middle
mostly outdated species descriptions. Eppelsheim (1888, Asia were misidentifled or overlooked. A large amount
1892) was the first who studied Quedius material collect¬ of Quedius material from Middle Asia remained undeter¬
ed in Middle Asia by the early explorers such as Haus¬ mined and scattered in some institutional and private col¬
er, Staudinger, Akinin and described four new species: lections. The revision of Q. (M) mutilatus species group
Q. (M) mutilatus Eppelsheim, 1888, Q. {Raphirus) co- by Salnitska and Solodovnikov (2018) was the only recent
haesus Eppelsheim, 1888, Q. (M) capitalis Eppelsheim, taxonomic work that touched upon Middle Asian Quedius.
1892 and Q. (R.)novus Eppelsheim, 1892. Eater, based on
the material from Semenov and Hauser, Euze (1904) and
Bernhauer (1918), respectively, described five more new Taxonomic part
species from Middle Asia: Q. (M) solskyi Euze, 1904,
Q. (M) rufilabris Euze, 1904, Q. (M) fusicornis Euze, Genus Quedius Stephens, 1829
1904, Q. (R.) imitator Euze, 1904, Q. (M) asiaticus Ber¬
nhauer, 1918, Q. (M) bucharensis Bernhauer, 1918 and Type species. Quedius levicollis (Brulle, 1832).
Q. (R.) hauseri Bernhauer, 1918. These species descrip¬ According to the latest phylogenetic hypotheses (Solo¬
tions varied in quality and, in accordance with the time, dovnikov, 2006; Chatzimanolis et al., 2010; Brunke
were based exclusively on external morphology. Some of et al., 2016) the genus Quedius as it stands now in the
these species have been re-examined in the monograph by taxonomic literature (e.g., summaries in Herman, 2001
Gridelli (1924), while the first drawings of the aedeagi for or Schiilke and Smetana, 2015) is a polyphyletic assem¬
some of them appeared in Wiisthoff (1938). blage of species belonging to several different subtribes
The next notable contribution to the study of Middle of Staphylinini. Within the Palaearctic or Middle Asia, all
Asian Quedius was made in the papers by Coiffait (1954, species of Quedius are members of the subtribe Quediina
1955, 1963, 1967, 1969, 1970, 1975, 1978) devoted to the in the restricted sense of Brunke et al. (2016). Because of
Western Palearctic fauna. Henry Coiffait added aedeagus the polyphyly, Quedius in the current composition lacks
illustrations for many Middle Asian species and integrated synapomorphies and clear diagnosis. However, genus de¬
them in his identifications keys for the Western Palearctic scriptions and diagnostic combination of characters that
Quedius. He also described Q. (R.) dzambulensis Coiffait, can define any Palaearctic species as a member of the
1967, Q. (R.) ouzbekiscus Coiffait, 1969, Q. (R.) tschingan- genus Quedius are available in Coiffait (1978), Smetana
ensis Coiffait, 1969, Q. (R.) turkmenicusCoiffait, 1969, and (1988), Assing and Schiilke (2012) and other sources. The
Q. (M) tadjikiscus Coiffait, 1975, all from Middle Asia. diagnosis of the genus Quedius and comparative notes we
Unfortunately, Coiflfait’s input was based on very limited provide here are tuned for the fauna of Middle Asia.
material from Middle Asia and additionally suffered from Adults and larvae of Quedius seem to be predators
inconsistent study of type material and omissions of the hunting small invertebrates in various, sufhciently hu-
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