Detecting and monitoring of invasive species : Plant Health Conference 2000

90 Pages·2001·10.1 MB·English

by  Plant Health Conference (2000 : Raleigh, N.C.)

Historic, Archive Document
Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

Reserve
oe
-U6P55 USDA
——_
2000
Detecting and
United States
Department of
Agriculture
Monitoringof
Animal and
Plant Health
inspection Service
Invasive Species
Technical Bulletin
The Center for Plant
Health Science and
Technology (CPHST)
Plant Health Conference 2000
October 24-25, 2000
Raleigh, North Carolina
USDA Forest Service. A color infrared digital camera mosaic of leafy spurge infestation on the
Caribou National Forest in Idaho.
USDA-APHIS (2001) Detecting and monitoring invasive species.
Proceedings of the Plant Health Conference 2000: October 24-25 Raleigh, North Carolina. USDA, APHIS, PPQ,
Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Raleigh, North Carolina.
USDA
SLA
Detecting and
Monitoring of
Invasive Species
Plant Health Conference 2000
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AARP American Association for Retired Persons
APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
CAPS Cooperative Agricultural Pest Survey
CART Classification and Regression Trees
CCD Charge-Coupled Device (referring to digital camera)
CEIR Cooperative Economic Insect Report
COOL Campus Outreach Opportunity League
CPHST Center for Plant Health Science and Technology
CPPR Cooperative Plant Pest Report
CSR Complete Spatial Randomness
DA Discriminant Analysis
DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense (see also ONR)
EDA Exploratory Data Analysis
EPSC Eastern Pest Survey Committee
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
GIF Graphics Interchange Format
GIS Geographic Information Systems
GPS Global Positioning Systems
INKTO Insects Not Known To Occur In The United States
IPPC International Plant Protection Convention
IUCN World Conservation Union
LISA Localisation Industry Standards Association, software for statistics of localisation
LORAN Long-Range Radio Navigation, the LORAN receiver is an electronic system for identifying position
MSS Multispectral Scanner
NAIAD North American Immigrant Arthropod Database
NAPIS National Agricultural Pest Information System
NAPPO North American Plant Protection Organization
NEPSC Northeast Exotic Pest Survey Committee
NER Northeast Region
ONR Office of Naval Research
OTA Office of Technology Assessment
PNKTO Pests Not Known To Occur In The United States
PPQ Plant Protection and Quarantine
RF Representative Fraction
SCOPE Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment
SCORE Senior Corps for Retired Executives
SER Southeastern Region
SPOT SPOT Image Corporation Geographic Imagery
STS Slow the Spread
SWPM Solid Wood Packing Material
T™ Thematic Mapper
URL Uniform Resource Locator
UTM Universal Transverse Mercator
USDA United States Department of Agriculture
VS Veterinary Services
WHIAD Western Hemisphere Immigrant Arthropod Database
Table of Contents
Page
Conference Welcome: Introduction to the Plant Health Conference on Detecting and
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A History of Adventive Insects in North America: Their Pathways of Entry and
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Use of Semiochemicals for Survey and Detection of Exotic Insects: Principles and Constraints ...............- 17
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Remote Sensing for Invasive Species and Plant Health Monitoring ..........c:ccccccccsscesccssesseccssscesscssecesenseeaseens 37
Surveys and Diagnostics 2000: Virtual Cart, Digital Horse and Uphill Reality ..............ccccccecseeseceeeeeeeeeeees 45
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Population Processes During Establishment and Spread of Invading Species:
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Introduction to the Plant Health Conference on
Detecting and Monitoring Invasive Species
Charles Schwalbe
Associate Deputy Administrator
USDA, APHIS, Plant Protection and Quarantine
The Plant Health Conference 2000 is the first confer-
ence in what will be a series focusing on the strategic
Components of
enhancement of the Plant Protection and Quarantine
Safeguarding System
(PPQ) operations within the Animal and Plant Health
Inspection Service of the United States Department of
Agriculture. This publication is the result of the first
Conference, held in October 2000 and sponsored by
Off shore Port of entry ;
the Center for Plant Health Science and Technology activities measures Detection
(CPHST) in Raleigh, North Carolina.
The Center for Plant Health Science and Technology is
the scientific and technical component of PPQ. It was
created to interface with the research community and
become an advocate for innovation in the field of plant
health in service to the APHIS mission. Invasive
species have been identified as a significant threat to
the safeguarding of the United States of America’s
With the heightened awareness of the impacts from
plant resources. New initiatives inspired by the
invasive species, the Secretary of Agriculture has
President’s Executive Order on Invasive Species
spoken of a “coast to coast scrubbing” to find which
emphasize the link between traditional agricultural
species are gaining a foothold in the U.S. We definitely
goals in plant health and our growing concern for
need new approaches and technologies to achieve this
protection of all plant resources in America.
level of detection. One way to improve detection is to
have a better idea of what to look for by developing lists
Safeguarding is not just another term for exclusion. It
of species of particular concern.
is acomplementary array of risk management actions
taken to prevent negative impacts of invasive species.
Current lists that will be used to guide policy and focus
Among these actions are detection and monitoring.
implementation are under development with the
Entomological Society of America, the Weed Science
Despite general acknowledgement of the importance
Society of America and the American Phytopathologi-
of detection of invasive species, this has been perhaps
cal Society. Other lists are being developed by PPQ in
the least refined of the safeguarding components. One
cooperation with nematologists. A considerable effort
only need compare the list of serious pests found in
is going into identification of species that are not yet in
our country through targeted detection and monitoring
the United States and that could cause significant
efforts versus the list of those found by “blundering
damage to our agricultural and natural landscapes.
into” it to be sobered by the state of activities in this
sector. Species found by targeted approaches include
Are pest lists the way to improve detection programs?
the Mediterranean fruit fly and the Asian gypsy moth,
What would be the best use of funding for detection in
because of the availability of effective detection
the future? The Plant Conference 2000 was designed
technology and organized stakeholders in the process.
to explore new concepts and approaches for detecting
Giant salvinia and the soybean aphid were found by
invasive species and to forge new partnerships among
accident, however, as are an increasing number of
various parts of the U.S. government, academia and
unwanted introductions. private sector. The aim is to provide a forum to discuss
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informal and open atmosphere.