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Detecting and Living with Breast Cancer for Dummies - Wiley PDF

387 Pages·2016·13.79 MB·English
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Detecting & Living with Breast Cancer Detecting & Living with Breast Cancer by Marshalee George, PhD, MSPH, ® MSN, AOCNP , CRNP, and Kimlin Tam Ashing, PhD ® Detecting & Living with Breast Cancer For Dummies Published by: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, www.wiley.com Copyright © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/ permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc., and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. LIMIT OF LIABILITY/DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK ARE INTENDED TO FURTHER GENERAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, UNDERSTANDING, AND DISCUSSION ONLY AND ARE NOT INTENDED AND SHOULD NOT BE RELIED UPON AS RECOMMENDING OR PROMOTING A SPECIFIC METHOD, DIAGNOSIS, OR TREATMENT BY PHYSICIANS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PATIENT. THE PUBLISHER AND THE AUTHOR MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE ACCURACY OR COMPLETENESS OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS WORK AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN VIEW OF ONGOING RESEARCH, EQUIPMENT MODIFICATIONS, CHANGES IN GOVERNMENTAL REGULATIONS, AND THE CONSTANT FLOW OF INFORMATION, THE READER IS URGED TO REVIEW AND EVALUATE THE INFORMATION PROVIDED IN THE PACKAGE INSERT OR INSTRUCTIONS FOR EACH MEDICINE, EQUIPMENT, OR DEVICE FOR, AMONG OTHER THINGS, ANY CHANGES IN THE INSTRUCTIONS OR INDICATION OF USAGE AND FOR ADDED WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS. READERS SHOULD CONSULT WITH A SPECIALIST WHERE APPROPRIATE. NEITHER THE PUBLISHER NOR THE AUTHOR SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES ARISING HEREFROM. For general information on our other products and services, please contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at 877-762-2974, outside the U.S. at 317-572-3993, or fax 317-572-4002. For technical support, please visit https://hub.wiley.com/community/support/dummies. Wiley publishes in a variety of print and electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some material included with standard print versions of this book may not be included in e-books or in print-on-demand. If this book refers to media such as a CD or DVD that is not included in the version you purchased, you may download this material at http://booksupport.wiley.com. For more information about Wiley products, visit www.wiley.com. Library of Congress Control Number: 2017948467 ISBN 978-1-119-27224-3 (pbk); ISBN 978-1-119-27225-0 (ePub); ISBN 978-1-119-27226-7 (ePDF) Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents at a Glance Foreword xvii Introduction 1 Part 1: Knowing About Breast Cancer 5 CHAPTER 1: Breast Cancer 101 7 CHAPTER 2: Risk Factors for Breast Cancer 19 CHAPTER 3: Indicators of Breast Cancer 33 Part 2: Diagnosing Breast Cancer 45 CHAPTER 4: Physical Awareness and Detecting Breast Cancer 47 CHAPTER 5: Understanding Breast Biopsies 63 CHAPTER 6: Stages of Breast Cancer 79 Part 3: Treating Breast Cancer 91 CHAPTER 7: Looking at Treatment Options 93 CHAPTER 8: Breast Surgery 113 CHAPTER 9: Radiation Therapy 127 CHAPTER 10: Chemotherapy 141 CHAPTER 11: Endocrine, Biological, and Cutting-Edge Therapies 155 CHAPTER 12: Breast Reconstruction 171 CHAPTER 13: Treating Advanced Breast Cancer 187 Part 4: Dealing with Breast Cancer and Everyday Life 205 CHAPTER 14: Psychosocial Concerns and Breast Cancer Diagnosis 207 CHAPTER 15: Managing Stress 217 CHAPTER 16: Coping with Changes after Treatment 227 CHAPTER 17: Cancer Treatment, Fertility, and Sexuality 249 CHAPTER 18: Making Healthy Lifestyle Changes 267 Part 5: The Part of Tens 285 CHAPTER 19: Ten Inspiring Breast Cancer Survivors 287 CHAPTER 20: Ten Ways Family and Friends Can Help You 303 CHAPTER 21: (At Least) Ten Ways Life Can Be Better After Cancer 307 Appendix A: Breast Health Glossary 317 Appendix B: Support Groups, Resources, and Organizations 327 Index 337 Table of Contents FOREWORD xvii INTRODUCTION 1 About This Book 2 Foolish Assumptions 2 Icons Used in This Book 3 Beyond the Book 3 Where to Go from Here 4 PART 1: KNOWING ABOUT BREAST CANCER 5 CHAPTER 1: Breast Cancer 101 7 Breast Cancer Basics 8 Finding your way around your breast 8 Knowing about breast cancer risk factors and indicators 9 Distinguishing Diferent Breast Cancers 10 Detecting breast cancer 13 Biopsies and how they work 14 The pathologist and diagnosis 14 Grading and Staging of Breast Cancer 15 Planning Your Treatment 15 Looking at your treatment options 15 Considering breast surgery 16 Treating breast cancer with radiation 17 Treating breast cancer with chemotherapy 17 Treating breast cancer with endocrine (hormonal), biological, and other cutting-edge therapies 17 Treating advanced breast cancer 18 CHAPTER 2: Risk Factors for Breast Cancer 19 Advanced Age 19 Gender 20 Race and Ethnicity 21 Early Menstruation and Late Menopause 23 Use of Birth Control Pills 23 Genetic Risk: BRCA1 and BRCA2 Genes 23 Poor Nutrition 26 Fats 27 Red meat and processed meats 27 Obesity 28 Smoking 29 Table of Contents vii Alcohol Use 29 Prior Treatment and Chemical Exposures 30 Exposure to DES (diethylstilbestrol) 30 Hormones: Estrogen and progesterone use 30 Environmental factors 31 CHAPTER 3: Indicators of Breast Cancer 33 Monitoring Changes in Breast Size and Shape 34 Breast increasing in size 35 Breast decreasing in size 35 Watching for Skin Changes 36 Rash 36 Paget’s disease 36 Skin thickening 37 Cellulitis 37 Mastitis 38 Breast abscess 38 Checking Out Lumps and Bumps 39 Breast masses and fbroadenomas 39 Breast cysts 39 Dense breasts 40 Dealing with Breast Aches and Pains 40 Nipple Changes 41 Nipple inversion 41 Milky nipple discharge 41 Bloody nipple discharge 42 PART 2: DIAGNOSING BREAST CANCER 45 CHAPTER 4: Physical Awareness and Detecting Breast Cancer 47 What to Look For 49 Doing a Breast Self-Examination 50 In the shower 50 In front of the mirror 50 While lying down 51 Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines 52 Mammograms: The Go-to Tool 55 Tomosynthesis (tomo) mammogram 55 Advantages of screening mammograms 56 Disadvantages of screening mammograms 56 How a mammogram is done 58 Other Screening Tests: MRI and Ultrasound 59 viii Detecting & Living with Breast Cancer For Dummies

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