Design for Water: Rainwater Harvesting, Stormwater Catchment, and Alternate Water Reuse PDF
Preview Design for Water: Rainwater Harvesting, Stormwater Catchment, and Alternate Water Reuse
N S P EW OCIETY UBLISHERS CataloginginPublicationData: AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheNationalLibrary ofCanada. Copyright©2007byHeatherKinkade-Levario. Allrightsreserved. CoverdesignbyDianeMcIntosh.Leaf/waterdrop:iStock. Insetphotos:HeatherKinkade-Levario. PrintedinCanada. FirstprintingApril2007. PaperbackISBN:978-0-86571-580-6 InquiriesregardingrequeststoreprintallorpartofDesignforWatershould beaddressedtoNewSocietyPublishersattheaddressbelow. Toorderdirectlyfromthepublishers,pleasecalltoll-free(NorthAmerica) 1-800-567-6772,ororderonlineatwww.newsociety.com Anyotherinquiriescanbedirectedbymailto: NewSocietyPublishers P.O.Box189,GabriolaIsland,BCV0R1X0,Canada 1-800-567-6772 NewSocietyPublishers’missionistopublishbooksthatcontributeinfun- damentalwaystobuildinganecologicallysustainableandjustsociety,and todosowiththeleastpossibleimpactontheenvironment,inamanner thatmodelsthisvision.Wearecommittedtodoingthisnotjustthrough education,butthroughaction.Weareactingonourcommitmenttothe world’sremainingancientforestsbyphasingoutourpapersupplyfrom ancientforestsworldwide.Thisbookisonesteptowardendingglobal deforestationandclimatechange.Itisprintedonacid-freepaperthatis 100%oldgrowthforest-free(100%post-consumerrecycled),processed chlorinefree,andprintedwithvegetable-based,low-VOCinks.Forfurther information,ortobrowseourfulllistofbooksandpurchasesecurely,visit ourwebsiteat:www.newsociety.com NEW SOCIETY PUBLISHERS www.newsociety.com Contents Foreword,byBruceK.Ferguson ..................................... xi Acknowledgments................................................. xvii Preface........................................................... xiii 1. IntroductiontoRainwaterHarvesting.............................. 1 UnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil(USGBC)Leadership inEnergyandEnvironmentalDesign.............................. 4 RainwaterCatchmentHistory .................................... 6 2. ARainwaterHarvestingSystem................................... 11 ComponentsofaSystem......................................... 14 CatchmentArea................................................ 14 Conveyance.................................................... 18 Roofwashing .................................................. 20 Storage........................................................ 25 Distribution ................................................... 29 Purification.................................................... 30 SystemComplexity ............................................. 32 WaterBudget .................................................. 36 WaterBalanceAnalysis .......................................... 38 ColdWeatherConsiderations..................................... 41 3. PassiveRainwaterandStormwaterCatchment....................... 47 AMoreNaturalApproach........................................ 47 DetailsforPassiveCollection..................................... 52 4. EquipmentforanActiveRainwaterCatchmentSystem ............... 65 Rooftops,Gutters,andDownspouts ............................... 65 DownspoutFilters.............................................. 69 Contents | vii First-FlushDevicesandRoofWashers.............................. 72 DownspoutDiversiontoaRainbarrelorRainchain.................. 77 StorageSystems ................................................ 79 PotableWaterTreatmentTechnologies............................. 86 Costs ......................................................... 94 ExamplesofHandmadeTanks.................................... 96 5. CaseStudies ................................................... 99 LandscapeInfiltration.......................................... 100 OregonConventionCenter ...................................... 100 SeattleNaturalDrainageSystem .................................. 103 Residential:Single-FamilyandMulti-FamilyRWHSystems.......... 106 ColeResidence,FridayHarbor,WA................................ 106 KearneyResidence,Tucson,AZ ................................... 107 RanchoSanMarcos,SantaFe,NM ................................ 109 CaminoBlanca,SantaFe,NM.................................... 109 SingleFamilyQuadplex,Tucson,AZ............................... 112 CasaRufinaApartments,SantaFe,NM ............................ 114 Residential:SubdivisionsRWHSystems .......................... 115 RanchoViejo,SantaFe,NM...................................... 115 WilkesCountyLogHomeSubdivision,WilkesCounty,NC............ 117 RanchoEncantadoResort,Tesuque,NM ........................... 118 ClubCasitasdeLasCampanas,SantaFe,NM....................... 120 CommercialRWHSystems...................................... 121 CabellBrandStore,Salem,VA .................................... 121 EgglestonLaundry,Norfolk,VA................................... 122 ElMonteSagradoLivingResortandSpa,Taos,NewMexico........... 124 EarthRangersHeadquarters,Toronto,Canada....................... 127 GrandPrairieAnimalShelter,GrandPrairie,TX..................... 128 LadyBirdJohnsonWildflowerCenter,Austin,TX.................... 131 IndustrialRWHSystems........................................ 134 FordMotorCo.RougeFactory,Dearborn,MI....................... 134 ToyotaMotorSales,USAInc,Portland,OR......................... 136 AmericanHondaCorporation,Gresham,OR ....................... 139 KilaueaMilitaryCamp(KMC),BigIslandofHawaii ................. 142 SchoolRWHSystems........................................... 145 StMichael’sParishDaySchool,TucsonAZ ......................... 145 RoyLeeWalkerElementarySchool,McKinney,TX................... 147 viii | DesignforWater HeritageMiddleSchool,Raleigh,NC .............................. 149 LangstonHighSchool,Arlington,TX.............................. 151 StephenEplerHall,PortlandStateUniversity,Portland,OR ........... 153 ParksandInterpretiveCentersRWHSystems...................... 157 KitPeakObservatory,TohonoO’odhamIndianReservation,AZ ....... 157 CarkeekPark,Seattle,WA........................................ 160 ChesapeakeBayFoundation,Annapolis,MD........................ 162 MunicipalRWHSystems........................................ 164 SanJuanFireStationNo.1,FridayHarbor,WA...................... 164 FirstGreenPostOffice,FortWorth,TX ............................ 166 SeattleCityHall,Seattle,WA ..................................... 169 KingStreetCenter,Seattle,WA.................................... 171 USDepartmentofAgricultureResearchFacility,Maricopa,AZ ........ 174 RoanokeRegionalJail,RoanokeCounty,VA ........................ 176 NorthCarolinaLegislativeBuilding,Raleigh,NC .................... 178 AlternateSourceWaterCollectionSystems ........................ 181 AirConditioningCondensateandCoolingTowerBlowdownCollection.. 181 FogCollection ................................................. 199 GreywaterCollection............................................ 202 RainwaterHarvestingforWildlife................................. 205 RainwaterCatchmentforWildlife................................. 205 Conclusion....................................................... 211 AppendixA:ResourcesList ......................................... 217 AppendixB:MetricConversionTables ............................... 221 Glossary ......................................................... 223 Notes............................................................ 227 Index............................................................ 229 AbouttheAuthor.................................................. 237 Contents | ix
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