Design and Practice of Cruise Ports

332 Pages·2020·30.215 MB·English

by  Zekun Cheng, Lei Gong, Chen Li

Springer Series on Naval Architecture, Marine Engineering,
Shipbuilding and Shipping 4
Zekun Cheng
Lei Gong
Chen Li
Design and
Practice
of Cruise
Ports
Springer Series on Naval Architecture, Marine
Engineering, Shipbuilding and Shipping
Volume 4
Series Editor
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Zekun Cheng Lei Gong Chen Li
(cid:129) (cid:129)
Design and Practice of Cruise
Ports
123
Zekun Cheng LeiGong
CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd. MerchantsShekouIndustrialZoneCo.,Ltd.
Shanghai, China Shenzhen,China
ChenLi
Collegeof Transport andCommunications,
ShanghaiMaritime University
Shanghai, China
CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd.
Shanghai, China
Translated by
LiHuijuan Yao Jianxin
CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd. CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd.
Shanghai, China Shanghai, China
QiuZhaoshan YuZheng
CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd. CCCCThird HarborConsultants Co., Ltd.
Shanghai, China Shanghai, China
ISSN 2194-8445 ISSN 2194-8453 (electronic)
SpringerSeries onNaval Architecture, Marine Engineering, ShipbuildingandShipping
ISBN978-981-15-5427-8 ISBN978-981-15-5428-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5428-5
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Preface
With the rapid development of China’s economy and society and the continuous
improvement of people’s living standard, the construction of cruise terminals in
China has developed rapidly in recent years. The completion and operation of
cruise terminals in Shanghai, Tianjin, Qingdao, Hainan, Xiamen, Shenzhen,
Guangzhouandotherplaceshaveeffectivelyguaranteedthedevelopmentofcruise
economy in China. The cruise economy refers to the overall economic effects
generated by the development of related industries driven by cruise tourism as the
core product. The basic development model is to build cruise port terminals and
related facilities to attract cruise ships, thus driving the value of the cruise-related
industrial chain.
In order to meet the needs of development of the cruise economy, effectively
guidethelayoutofcruiseterminalsandensurethedevelopmentandconstructionof
cruise terminals in an orderly manner, the Ministry of Transport promulgated the
National Coastal Cruise Port Layout Planning Proposal in 2015 and issued the
layout proposal for the coastal cruise ports in China, which have played a great
guidingroleintheconstructionofcoastalcruiseterminalsinChina.Duetothelate
start of construction of cruise terminals in China, the lack of technical and man-
agement experience accumulation, in order to fully absorb the technical achieve-
mentsandpracticalexperienceofforeigncruiseterminals,incombinationwiththe
Design Code for Cruise Terminals (JTS170-2015) promulgated and implemented
by the Ministry of Transport in 2016, to provide technical reference for the con-
struction of cruise terminals in China, we compiled this book for reference by
engineers and researchers.
The book is divided into nine chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the construction
status and development trend of cruise terminals, written by Cheng Zekun and Li
Chen.Chapter 2focusesonthemainscaleofcruiseships,writtenbyMaYanyong,
ChengZekunandLiChen.Chapter 3focusesonthebasicsituationofglobalcruise
ports, mainly written by Li Chen and Cheng Zekun. Chapter 4 is site selection of
cruiseterminals,writtenbyChengZekunandLiChen.Chapter 5istheplanlayout
of cruise terminals, written by Li Chen and Cheng Zekun. Chapter 6 is the cruise
process, written by Tang Qinhua and Li Chen. Chapter 7 is terminal building,
v
vi Preface
mainlywrittenbyLiChenandTangQinhua.Chapter 8istheterminalstructureand
supportingfacilities,mainlywrittenbyChengZekun,LiChen,WangZhengguo,Li
Huaping and Cai Boni. Chapter 9 is mainly based on the project cases of cruise
terminalconstruction,writtenbyLiChen,TangZhaopingandsoon.Somepictures
in this book are taken by Google Earth free software.
The book is compiled by Cheng Zekun, Gong Lei and Li Chen. We would like
to express our thanks to CCCC Third Harbor Consultants Co., Ltd., China
Merchants (Shekou) Industrial Zone Prince Bay Headquarters and other organiza-
tionshereby,whoofferedstrongsupportinthepreparationofthisbook,whichhas
played a great role in ensuring the quality and progress of the book.
Owing to the limitation of our knowledge, there must be mistakes and errors in
the book. Your suggestions would be appreciated.
Shanghai, China Zekun Cheng
Shenzhen, China Lei Gong
Shanghai, China Chen Li
June 2018
Executive Summary
This book mainly introduces the design technology and engineering application
practiceofthecruiseterminal.Themaincontentsofthedesigntechnologyinclude
the basic situation of cruise ships, the basic situation of global cruise ports, the
location ofcruise terminals, theplane layout ofcruiseterminals,thetechnology of
cruise terminals, the cruise terminal building, the structure of cruise terminals and
supportingfacilities.Themaincontentsofengineeringapplicationpracticeinclude
Shenzhen Prince Bay Cruise Terminal Project, Shanghai Wusongkou International
Cruise Terminal Project and other projects. This book is a monograph that intro-
duces the experience and design application technology of domestic and interna-
tionalcruiseterminalssystematically.Itispracticalandcanbeusedasreferencefor
engineers and researchers.
vii
Contents
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 Cruise and Cruise Line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Cruise Economy and Cruise Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.1 Cruise Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2.2 Cruise Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.3 Development of Cruise Ports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.4 Main Contents of This Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2 Cruise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1 Cruise Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.1 Development History. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.1.2 Gross Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.1.3 Tonnage of Cruises in Major Cruise Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1.4 Division of Cruise Tonnage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2 Main Dimensions of Cruises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.2.1 Overall Length and Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.2.2 Load Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2.3 Passenger Carrying Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2.4 Crew Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.2.5 Main Dimensions of Cruises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.3 Development Trend of Cruises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
3 Basic Situation of Global Cruise Ports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1 North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1.1 Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3.1.2 Southeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
3.1.3 Northwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
3.1.4 Southwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
ix
x Contents
3.2 Europe. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.2.1 Mediterranean Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
3.2.2 Northern Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.2.3 U.K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.3 Oceania and Southeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
3.4 Japan, South Korea and Northeast Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
3.5 China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.5.1 Mainland China. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
3.5.2 Hongkong and Taiwan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
3.6 Analysis of Cruise Port Status. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
4 Site Selection of Cruise Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.1 Orientation and Site of a Cruise Port . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.1.1 Site Selection Considerations for Ports of Turnaround . . . . 109
4.1.2 Site Selection Considerations for Ports of Call . . . . . . . . . 111
4.2 Urban Planning and Site Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
4.2.1 Distribution of Coastal Resources of Cruise Terminals
in Urban Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.2.2 Land Use Scale of Cruise Terminals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.2.3 ImpactofCruiseTerminalLocationonUrbanFunctional
Planning and Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.2.4 Impact of Cruise Terminal Location on Urban Traffic
Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
4.3 Construction Conditions and Site Selection of Cruise
Terminals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
4.3.1 Reference Standards for Cruise Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
4.3.2 Wind Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
4.3.3 Water Area Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
4.3.4 Geology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
4.3.5 Others. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
4.4 Site Selection Method of Cruise Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
4.5 A Typical Example—Cruise Port of Barcelona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
5 General Layout of Cruise Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
5.1 Functions of Cruise Terminals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
5.2 Designed Passenger Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
5.3 General Layout of Water Area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
5.3.1 Layout of Cruise Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
5.3.2 Berth Length of a Cruise Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
5.3.3 Apron Width of a Cruise Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
5.3.4 Turning Basin of a Cruise Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
5.3.5 Cruise Approach Channel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
5.3.6 Elevation of a Cruise Terminal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
5.3.7 The Relationship Between Layout of Cruise Terminals
and Other Terminals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141