Descriptions of the full-grown Cephalaeschna patrorum Needham and Planaeschna shanxiensis Zhu & Zhang larvae from China (Anisoptera: Aeshnidae)

2008·1.1 MB·English

by  Jiang, Y-H

Odonatologica37(3):273-277 SeptemberI.2008
Descriptions of the full-grownCephalaeschna
patrorumNeedhamandPlanaeschnashanxiensis
Zhu& Zhanglarvae fromChina
(Anisoptera: Aeshnidae)
Y.-H.Jiang¹ and H.-M.Zhang²
1YuntaixiangCulture Station,Xinpu District,LianyungangCity,Jiangsu-222064,China
[email protected]
2 DalianLightIndustryUniversity, DalianCity, Liaoling-16034,China
ReceivedNovembeer 18,2007/ RevisedandAcceptedMarch 29,2008
The6 and 9ultimateinstar larvaeofthe2spp.fromtheBeijingareaaredescribed
and illustrated. Differentialcharacters with otherspeciesfromTaiwan,HongKong,
China andJapanaresummed up.
INTRODUCTION
ThegenusCephalaeschna Selys, 1883isknown fromstudiesby SELYS(1883),
MARTIN (1909), NEEDHAM (1930), ASAHINA (1951, 1978, 1981, 1982),
WILSON (2003), ZHOU & WEI (1980, 1998), YANG & LI (1994), and XU
(2006); Planaeschna McLachlan, 1895 has been studied by McLACHLAN
(1895), NEEDHAM (1930), KOBAYASH1 (1941), ASAHINA (1951, 1964,
1978),ISHINDA(1991), ISHIDAetal.(1985,1994,1996), andZHU&ZHANG
(2001). Here,weuseultimateinstarlarvae andexuviae, collectedfrom Songshan
StateForest ParkandHuairouof Beijing, Chinafora description.
CEPHALAESCHNA PATRORUM NEEDHAM, 1930
Figures 1-7
Material. - 13,1$exuviae, 19-V1-2005,SongshanStateForestPark,Beijing,China,Jiang
Yao-Hua leg; — 2<?exuviae, 19 larva, Huairou of BeijingCity, China,3-V1I-2007,ZhangHao-
-Miao leg.Theadult emergedon15-V11-2007.
Bodylength 41mm,length ofabdomen(including caudalappendages) 32mm.
274 Y.-H. Jiang& H.-M.Zhang
maximumhead width 7 mm. Groundcolouryellow-brown, length ofhindfe-
mur7 mm;abdomenwithyellow markings andlittleblack spots on the mark-
ings. Body surface without luster; both sexes withlateralspines on abdominal
segments5-9.
Head. — Labiumyellow(Fig. 3),labrumoftheusualshape withdeepbrown
colour, itssurfacewithwhite,slender hairsand a pale brownspot inthe centre,
approximately 3/4thelength ofthelabrum.Mandiblewithabig paleyellowspot;
anteclypeus deep brown, witha hollowshaped likethe crescent moon, its sur-
facewithafewslenderhairs;postclypeus pale brownwithyellow hair, withtwo
symmetrical brown markings ateach side, ocellar triangle brown. An irregular
yellow spot atthebaseoftheantenna andmediansideoftheocelli,lateralocel-
lus withpale yellow spots at the back. Antennaefiliform, 7-segmented, length
ratioofsegments 1-7as follows: 0.4:0.8:0.5;0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5(Fig. 5). Occiput pale
brownwithpale yellow hair, ablack spot onthecentre andsides, occipital lobe
roundedat sides(Fig. 4).
Thorax. — Sidesof pronotumrhomboidalinshape (Fig. 6). Wing cases
not parallel. Forewing cases reaching to middle of fourth abdominalsegment.
Figs 1-7.CephalaeschnapatrorumNeedham, female exuviae: (1)abdomen indorsalview; —(2)ab-
domenin ventral view; —(3)labium inventral view; —(4)rightoccipitallobeindorsal view; — (5)
rightantenna; — (6)rightprothoraxin dorsal view; — (7)rightlateral spinesofabdomen indor-
salview.
Larvae ofCephalaeschnapatrorumand Planaeschna shanxiensis 275
Hindwing cases reaching to foreborderof fourthabdominalsegment, foreand
hindwing caseswithyellowspoton theforeborder.
Abdomen.— Slender, yellow brownincolour, withlustre. Dorsal hooks
absent, lateralspinesonsegments5-9present(Fig. 7).Abdomenwithblackspots
on tergumandpleurae. Dorsum of5 to9thabdominalsegmentwithbig yellow
markings, entire dorsalof8-10thabdominalsegmentswith paleyellow patches.
Apex ofanal pyramid bentdownwardsandfork-shaped, analappendages with
yellow finehair(Fig. 1).Ovipositor sheathoffemalereaching to 1/2oflength of
paraproct(Fig. 2).Primary lateralandprimary innervalvulabrownwithluster
andwhitehairs.
BIOMETRIC RATIOS. - Head/prothorax: 1.30-1.38 (X = 1.34;n =4), prementumLAV+:
0.40-1.45 (X= 1.42;n=4),prementumW+/W-:2.50-2.53 (X=2,51;n=4),prementum1.40-1.45
(X=1.42;n=4),antennal annulusI <antennal annuli4+5,analpyramidLAV:2,00-2.04(X=2.02;
n=4).
PLANAESCHNA SHANXIENSIS ZHU& ZHANG,2001
Figures8-14
Material. — 23,1$ exuviae, 1 9 larva,Huairou of BeijingCity,China,3-VII-2007,Zhang
Hao-Miao leg.The adultemergedon25-VII-2007.
Bodylength45mm,lengthofabdomen(including caudalappendages) 31mm,
maximumheadwidth7.1 mm;length ofhindfemur8.5mm. Dorsalhooksab-
sent. Lateralspines present onsegments5-9, rathersharp.
Head. — Dark brownwithoutconspicuous patches or bands, ratherbroad
andflat;labiumnarrowandelongate. Prementumlong, narrowandhardlydiver-
gent,medianlobeprominent, withapair ofteethonitsdistalmargin(Fig. 10).
Labrumblackish brownandroundedonthesides, twoblack spots inthecen-
tre;anteclypeus brown, postclypeus pale yellowwith ablack trapezium-shaped
spot at thesides. Antefronsbrown, ocellartriangle brown, ocellus fringed with
yellow hairs,between lateralocelliapale yellow spot. Antennaefiliform,7-seg-
mented(Fig. 12).Length ratioofsegmentsasfollows:0.4:0.6:0.8:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.4.
First segmentof antennablack atbaseandwith yellowmarking intheend.Oc-
cipital lobestanding out atthesides(Fig. 11).
Thorax. — Prothoraxandmetathoraxnarrowerthanhead, wing cases par-
allelandbrown. Forewing cases reaching toposterior borderofsecondabdomi-
nal segment, hindwing cases extending to posterior borderof thirdabdominal
segment,notoutstripping thirdabdominalsegment.
Abdomen.- Narrowly lanceolate,evenly tapered. Dorsal hooksabsent.
Lateral spine presenton abdominalsegments 5-9 (Fig. 14). Black spots on ab-
dominalsegments3-8; 8th segment withbig pale yellow marking, 9thsegment
withoutmarking, 10thsegmentwithtwopale brownspots.Femaleprimarygeni-
talialong, morethan 1/3ofparaproct, primary innervalvula andprimaryven-
276 Y.-H. Jiang& H.-M.Zhang
tralvalvula brown,withluster, primary lateralvalyula yellowat base.
BIOMETRIC RATIOS. - Head/prothorax: 1.33-1.35 (X = 1.34;n= 3),prementum LAV+
1.42-1.46(x= 1.44;n= 3),prementumW+AV-: 1.81-1.85(x = 1.83;n=3), antennal annulus 1<an-
tennalannuli 4+5, analpyramidLAV: 1.45-1.46 (x= 1.45;n=3).
DISCUSSION
Cephalaeschna Selys, 1883andPlanaeschna McLachlan, 1895areendemicto
Asia; Cephalaeschna currently includes about 14 species, ofwhich seven occur
in China.Planaeschna, with 17 species, has six species in China. Many papers
dealwiththe adultsofthe two genera,but the larvaehad to dateremainedal-
mostunstudiedinmainlandChina.NEEDHAM(1930) describedthelarvaeof
two Cephalaeschna species, oneofwhich remainedunnamed.WILSON(2003)
recorded larvalC. klotsi Asahinaonphotograph, butit is dearly different from
C.patrorumbecause: (1) the femaleprimary genitalia do not outstrip the 10th
abdominalsegment;and - (2) lateralspinesarepresentonabdominalsegments
4-9.
AdultC.patrorumand P. shanxiensisoccur fromMay till August atapproxi-
Figs8-14.Planaeschna shanxiensisZhu etZhang,femaleexuviae;(8)abdomen indorsalview; — (9)
abdomen inventralview; — (10)labium inventral view; — (11)rightoccipitallobe in dorsal view;
— (12)rightantenna; — (13)rightprothoraxindorsal view; — (14)right lateral spines of abdo-
menindorsal view
LarvaeofCephalaeschmpatrorum andPlanaeschna shanxiensis 277
mately 1000-1500maltitude.Theirexuviaeare foundonshrubs, rocksandweeds,
often upto0.5-1.5maway fromwater. Thelarvaeco-occur withthoseof Cord-
ulegasterpekinensis andAnotogastersieboldii, whichhavethesamehabitatpref-
erence.
AstoPlanaeschna, thosespecies ofwhichthelarvaeareknownandoccurringin
TaiwanandJapandifferinlarvalmorphology as follows:theirovipositor process
isnotreaching thehindedgeofthe10thabdominalsegment.Theprimarylateral
valvulais thesame,but theoccipitallobemarkedly projects onbothsides.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
WearegratefultoProfessor HENRI DUMONT(GhentUniversity, Belgium),Dr JIH-CHING
LIEN(NationalInstituteofPreventive Medicine,Taiwan,China),DrYU-PINGZHANG(Wildlife
research Institute,Saporo,Japan)and ProfessorLIAN-FANGYANG(NanjingAgricultureUniver-
sity, Nanjing,China),whoseencouragementstimulatedthecompletionofthiswork.
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