Description of the male and variation in Bolbodimyia galindoi fairchild (Diptera: Tabanidae), and a revised key to species of bolbodimyia

6 Pages·1996·4.3 MB·

by  J F Burger

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
98(3), 1996, pp. 390-395
DESCRIPTION OF THE MALE AND VARIATION IN
BOLBODIMYIA GALINDOI FAIRCHILD (DIPTERA: TABANIDAE),
AND A REVISED KEY TO SPECIES OF BOLBODIMYIA
JOHN FE BURGER
Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, U.S.A.
Abstract.(cid:8212)The male of Bolbodimyia galindoi Fairchild from Costa Rica is described
for the first time and compared with the female. Variation in the color of B. galindoi
throughout its known range from Costa Rica to Colombia is discussed. A revised key to
the genus Bolbodimyia is provided.
Key Words: Diptera, Tabanidae, variation, Bolbodimyia galindoi, Neotropical region,
key to species of Bolbodimyia
Recent examination of Tabanidae from the one species extending into central Arizona
National Museum of Natural History collec- and New Mexico. Most species are found
tion (USNM), the Instituto Nacional de Bio- in Central and Northern South America
diversidad collection (INBIO) in Costa Rica, (Fairchild and Burger 1994).
and the Florida State Collection of Arthro- Bolbodimyia can be distinguished from
pods (FSCA), has turned up two males and other genera of Tabanidae by the following
five females of Bolbodimyia galindoi Fair- combination of characteristics: body black or
child from Costa Rica, a species until now orange and black; subcallus strongly inflated
represented in collections by only three fe- (Figs. 2, 3) and shining black or yellow and
males, two from Panama (the type locality black; antennal scape strongly inflated and
and another site) and one from Colombia. bulbous (Fig. 3), shining black; wing partly
The females show considerable variation not to entirely blackened except for hyaline apex;
mentioned by Fairchild (1964) in his original vein R, strongly curved upward; tibiae dis-
description or by Wilkerson (1979) in his tinctly inflated; male with upper % of eye
treatment of Tabanidae from Colombia. The bearing enlarged facets that are strongly dif-
male of B. galindoi is described here and ferentiated from area of small facets below,
variation in females is discussed. area of small facets extending around poste-
The genus Bolbodimyia Bigot was last rior margin of eye to vertex.
revised by Stone (1954). Since that time, Little is known of the immature stages,
three additional species have been de- except for two species, Bolbodimyia atrata
scribed, and the genus is currently repre- (Hine), described by Burger (1977), and B.
sented by 13 described species. Therefore, bermudezi Tidwell and Philip, described by
in addition to describing the male of Bol- Tidwell and Philip (1977). The known im-
bodimyia galindoi Fairchild, and variation mature stages occur in moss in waterfalls
in that species, it is appropriate to provide and rapidly flowing streams. The males of
a new key to species to facilitate identifi- six species are known, B. atrata, B. brun-
cation. Bolbodimyia is a Neotropical genus neipennis Stone, B. galindoi, B. lampros
occurring from Argentina to Mexico, with Philip and Floyd, B. lateralis Krober, and
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 391
PMN)
Nyy
Fig. 1.
Adult female of Bolbodimyia galindoi - dark form, dorsal view. Scale bar = 4.0 mm.
B. philipi Stone, and are similar to the fe- fig. 5; Wilkerson, 1979: 232-234; Fair-
males in coloration. The female of B. lam- child, 1986: 37.
pros is undescribed; the male was described
by Philip and Floyd (1974) from Mexico. Male.(cid:8212)Body length 12.6(cid:8212)-13.6 mm,
wing length 9.6-10.0 mm. Similar to
Bolbodimyia galindoi Fairchild
female except for usual sexual differences
(Figs. 1-5)
and the following characteristics. Eyes with
Bolbodimyia galindoi Fairchild, 1964: 172, facets of upper % distinctly enlarged, green
392 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
with darker center, strongly differentiated brown maxillary palpi, and 2 brown, yellow-
from black area of small facets below, orange haired sublateral stripes on the ab-
smaller facets extended around posterior dominal tergites. The female from Colombia
margin of eye to vertex. Subcallus strongly had the frontal callus yellowish brown, max-
inflated, shining black dorsally with median illary palpi wholly yellow-orange haired, me-
yellow to reddish band and yellow to soscutum entirely orange, with only scattered
reddish ventrally. Apical palpomere of black hairs in place of a distinct dark stripe,
maxillary palpus relatively slender and and a diffuse yellow-orange middorsal stripe
elongate, 3 times longer than broad, acutely dorsally on the abdomen.
pointed apically, reddish brown basally, Five females of B. galindoi from Costa
dusky apically, bearing mixed orange and Rica were examined and compared with the
black hairs. holotype and the females examined by Wilk-
Mesoscutum orange, median dark stripe erson. Locality data for the specimens are as
reduced to pale brown shadow, entirely follows: COSTA RICA: Guan. [acaste], 3 km
orange haired. Scutellum shining light brown SE R. Naranjo, July 1992, F D. Parker, 1 2
with orange lateral margins, orange haired. (FSCA); 14 km S. Cafias, 5(cid:8212)10 Sep[tember]
Legs entirely black except basal % of anterior 1990, E D. Parker, 1 2 (FSCA); Her.[édia
forecoxae orange and orange haired. Wing Province], La Selva Res. Sta., 11-17 Jun[e]
(Fig. 5) with membrane and veins bright 1986, Nadeer Youssef, 1 2 (FSCA); Alejuela
orange-yellow, except for large jet-black Prov., Rio Pefias Blancas, May 1993, Frank
subapical patch extending diagonally from J. Joyce, 1 2 (INBIO); Puntarenas Prov.,
vein R, at distal margin of stigma through Monteverde, Pefias Blancas, 5 May 1993,
angular curve of vein R, and along vein R,; Frank J. Joyce, 1 2 (INBIO).
to posterior margin of wing in cell Ry, wing Four of the above specimens represent a
apex yellowish, posterior half of wing from dark form of B. galindoi. The specimen from
vein R,; to anal cell orange-yellow, not Monteverde (Fig. 1) has an abdominal pattern
darkened as in female. intermediate between the wholly black ab-
Abdomen varying from shining black, domen of the other 4 specimens from Costa
overlain with thin gray tomentum, entirely Rica and the holotype female from Panama
orange haired to black with broad median that has the abdominal tergites orange with
brown streak on tergites 1(cid:8212)3, tergites 5-6 broad sublateral black stripes. The most con-
mostly to entirely yellow-brown, and spicuous differences in the Costa Rica spec-
sternites 1-5 irregularly yellowish brown imens are the wholly black apical palpomere
and black. and femora, the more intensely blackened
COSTA RICA: Guanacaste, Parque posterior area of the wing (Fig. 4) that is
Guanacaste Nacional, Estacion Pitilla, Rio nearly as intense as the jet black subapical
Orosi, 10.991 N, 85.428 W, 19-20. vi. wing patch anterior to vein R,,;, and the
1988, el. 700 m, C. M. & O. S. Flint, wholly black abdomen.
Holtzenthal, 1 ¢ (USNM); Est. Maritza, There is some intraspecific variation in
600 m, lado O Vol. Orosi, Prov. the Costa Rica specimens, but all are darker
Guanacaste, 27 Feb 1992, M. I. Ortiz, LN., than the specimens from Panama and Co-
1 gd (NBIO 326900 373000 #1505). lombia. Body length is 12-14 mm, frons
usually orange-brown tomentose, but may
VARIATION IN FEMALES OF B. GALINDOI be slightly darkened, basal callus orange to
Wilkerson (1979) compared 2 females, 1 reddish brown, apical palpomere of maxil-
each from Panama and Colombia, with the lary palpi entirely black with black setae to
holotype female. The specimen from Panama black with extreme base yellowish, scutel-
had lighter areas of the body paler yellow or lum mostly black with only lateral margins
orange-yellow, yellowish brown and dark orange, but more extensively orange with
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 393
Figs. 2-5. Head and wing of Bolbodimyia galindoi. 2, Front and subcallus of female. 3, Lateral view of
female head showing antennae and maxillary palpi. 4, Wing of female. 5, Wing of male. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
394 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
dark spot reduced in the female from Mon- ange-yellow basally, with a large diagonal
dark marking (2) or black subapical wing
teverde, legs entirely black with black hair
patch (d) [Costa Rica to Panama] ......
to black with basal halves of fore and hind
Beran ities, Ana Wee aaa ie galindoi Fairchild (¢, 3)
coxae orange with orange hair and extreme
Mesoscutum not entirely orange or marked as
bases of femora orange-yellow. above, usually black except for notopleural
The abdominal markings and hair pat- lobes or prealar lobes; wings not orange-yel-
terns are variable. Most commonly the en- low basally, dark wing markings not as above
tire abdomen is black with patches of or-
. Thorax and abdomen entirely dark brown or
ange hair medianly on the tergites 1-2 and
black, or thorax at most with tufts of pale yel-
covering sternites 2-3. Orange hairs also
low hairs on prealar lobes .............. 3
may be present on the lateral margins of At least some orange or yellow on thorax or
tergites 1-2 or 1-3. The female from La abdomen (may be evanescent in brunneipen-
Selva has the lateral margins of tergites 1(cid:8212) MIS) | ces ea lenc ise, lew os RS ee 6
2 orange with orange hair and sternites 1(cid:8212) . Hyaline apex of wing small, confined to cell
R,, not entering cell R;; genae chocolate
2 reddish with sublateral dusky spots. The
brown [Colombia, Ecuador, Peru] .......
abdominal pattern of the female from Mon-
RD RRA nei A no. 5 nigra Stone (2)
teverde (Fig. 1) is intermediate between the Hyaline apex of wing more extensive, extend-
dark Costa Rica specimens and the holo- ing to vein R,,, into cell R,; genae shining
type female from Panama, having orange black or orange (2.5 54.4\2 20 eee 4
color and hairs on tergites 1(cid:8212)2 and the an- . Head and legs entirely black; tarsi concolor-
ous with tibiae [Arizona, New Mexico, Mex-
terior 4 of tergite 3 medianly and laterally,
ICON eee ee atrata (Hine) (2, 3)
tergite 2 with sublateral black stripes, ster-
Frontoclypeus and genae orange; at least mid
nites 1(cid:8212)2 and the base of sternite 3 orange and hind basitarsis pale ................ 5
with orange hair, and sternite 2 with a dark . Frons black; wings darkened anteriorly, sub-
median spot. hyaline posterior to anterior edge of cell br
Wilkerson (1979) commented on the and veins R, and R; [Mexico] .........
een eee tees bermudezi Tidwell & Philip (2)
variability of B. galindoi and suggested that
Frons orange; wings usually more extensively
either more than | species was involved or
darkened posteriorly [Costa Rica, Panama,
that B. galindoi was single variable species. Colombia] ....... erythrocephala (Bigot) (¢)
Initially, I was inclined to consider the dark . Coxae and maxillary palpi partly to mostly
Costa Rica specimens to be a distinct spe- OFANGE nj tea See ee ee Wf
cies, but because the males collected from Coxae and maxillary palpi black or dark
PEO WI 8.) oi4:.5 yate i ey oe ee 8
Costa Rica generally agree with Fairchild(cid:8217)s
. Frons and subcallus shining black-brown to
description of B. galindoi, except for the
black; maxillary palpi with some infuscation
evanescent mesoscutal stripe, absence of in-
on distal half; femora black-brown except at
fuscation posteriorly on the wing mem- extreme base [Venezuela, Colombia, Bolivia]
brane, and the darker legs, and because a pine, corA k segh ee e Ey bicolor Bigot (2)
female from Costa Rica has an abdominal Frons usually orange, rarely reddish brown to
pattern intermediate between that of Fair- dark brown (¢); subcallus entirely orange, or
orange to light brown medianly; maxillary
child(cid:8217)s specimen from Panama and _ the
palpi entirely orange; fore femur at least half
wholly black abdomen of the other females
orange basally, mid and hind femora mostly
from Costa Rica, I now consider the darker orange [Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica,
specimens to be only a variant of B. gal- Panama, Colombia, Ecuador] ..........
indoi, pending study of additional speci- SPS. 5 a dies ee G iet ah. Soo philipi Stone (2, 3)
. Abdomen entirely black ............... 9
mens.
Abdomen partly or entirely orange, at least
with narrow pale midventral stripe ....... 10
KEY TO SPECIES OF BOLBODIMYIA
. Entire wing darkened except for hyaline apex;
1. Mesoscutum entirely orange or orange with a hyaline apex not extending to vein R,,,; gen-
broad black median stripe; wings broadly or- ae opaque brown with some orange tomentum
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 3 395
and hairs ventrally [Colombia, e. Peru] ... ACKNOWLEDGMENT
eh art ee ne celeroides Stone (2)
I wish to thank Dr. Gary Steck, Florida
(cid:8212) Darkened area of wing restricted to area an-
State Collection of Arthropods, Division of
terior to cell br and vein R,,;, otherwise sub-
Plant Industry, Gainesville, Florida, for his
hyaline; hyaline apex of wing starting at apex
generous hospitality during my work in the
of vein R,,;; genae shining black, without or-
collection and for the loan of specimens.
ange hairs [Mexico, Guatemala] ........
0 0 6 010; 5 G2 Eee pee eee Rear dampfi Philip (2)
LITERATURE CITED
10. Abdomen entirely orange, black-haired dor-
Burger, J. E 1977. The biosystematics of immature
sally, orange-haired ventrally [Mexico] ...
Arizona Tabanidae (Diptera). Transactions of the
BO re eens Sita lampros Philip & Floyd (¢)
American Entomological Society 103: 145-258.
(cid:8212) Abdomen with orange on venter, sometimes Fairchild, G. B. 1964. Notes on Neotropical Tabani-
limited to lateral stripes or a median stripe or dae (Diptera) IV. Further new species and new
both records for Panama. Journal of Medical Entomol-
11. Frons of female and center of subcallus of ogy 1: 169-185.
male orange; abdomen orange along lateral Fairchild, G. B. 1986. The Tabanidae of Panama.
margins of sternites, mostly black medianly Contributions of the American Entomological In-
stitute 22(3): 1-139.
[Argentina, Bolivia] .. . lateralis Krober (2, 3)
Fairchild, G. B. and J. EF Burger. 1994. A catalog of
(cid:8212) Frons of female at least dark reddish brown
the Tabanidae (Diptera) of the Americas south of
to black; abdomen ventrally either entirely or-
the United States. Memoirs of the American En-
ange or dark with a more or less evident me- tomological Institute, No. 55, viit+249 pp.
dian orange stripe ................... 12 Philip, C. B. and L. Floyd. 1974. New North American
12. Abdomen entirely orange ventrally; flagellum Tabanidae XXI. Another new Bolbodimyia from
of antenna dark brown; length 15 mm [Boliv- Mexico. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 50: 145-147.
fave Peru: sii... Sara desecta Enderlein (¢) Stone, A. 1954. The genus Bolbodimyia Bigot (Dip-
tera, Tabanidae). Annals of the Entomological So-
(cid:8212) Abdomen black ventrally with a narrow,
ciety of America 47: 248-254.
sometimes rather obscure median yellow-
Tidwell, M. A. and C. B. Philip. 1977. A new Bol-
orange stripe, and often some orange near
bodimyia from Mexico(cid:8217)s Central Plateau (Diptera,
base laterally; flagellum of antenna mostly Tabanidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 53: 98-100.
yellow-orange to yellow-brown; length 10(cid:8212) Wilkerson, R. C. 1979. Horse flies (Diptera: Tabani-
12 mm [Brazil, Guyana] . dae) of the Colombian Departments of Choco,
5:b io Gonteeee ae eee brunneipennis Stone (¢, 3) Valle, and Cauca. Caespedesia 8(31(cid:8212)32): 87(cid:8212)435.