Description of a new Allochthonius species from China, with a key to the genus (Pseudoscorpiones: Pseudotyrannochthoniidae)

2013·3.1 MB·

by  Zhizhong Gao

©EntomologicaFennica.24June2013
Description of a new Allochthonius species from China,
with a key to the genus (Pseudoscorpiones:
Pseudotyrannochthoniidae)
ZhizhongGao&FengZhang*
Gao, Z. & Zhang, F. 2013: Description of a new Allochthonius species from
China,withakeytothegenus(Pseudoscorpiones:Pseudotyrannochthoniidae).
—Entomol.Fennica23:107–112.
Anewpseudoscorpionspecies,Allochthoniusexornatussp.n.,belongingtothe
familyPseudotyrannochthoniidaeBeier,1932,isdescribedfromChina.Detailed
diagnosis, descriptions and illustrations are presented, and a key to the genus
AllochthoniusChamberlin,1929isprovided.
Z.Gao&F.Zhang(*Correspondingauthor),CollegeofLifeSciences,Hebei
University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China; E-mails: gaozhizhong1987
@126.com,*Correspondingauthor:[email protected]
Received2November2012,accepted3January2013
1.Introduction China) of which five occur in China. The sub-
genus Urochthonius includes three species
The pseudoscorpion family Pseudotyranno- (Harvey2011,Hu&Zhang2012)ofwhichtwo
chthoniidae Beier, 1932 contains five genera, occur in Japan and the third was reported from
AfrochthoniusBeier,AllochthoniusChamberlin, westernChina.
CentrochthoniusBeier,Pseudotyrannochthonius Whileexaminingpseudoscorpionspecimens
BeierandSelachochthoniusChamberlin(Harvey collectedduringsummer2012innorthernChina,
2011). Two ofthem, Allochthonius and Centro- wefoundanewAllochthoniusspeciesbelonging
chthonius, have been reported from China to the subgenus Allochthonius, which is de-
(Schawaller1995),andlaterthespeciesCentro- scribed and illustrated in this paper under the
chthonius sichuanensis Schawaller, 1995 was nameA.(A.)exornatussp.n.Akeytothespecies
transferredtoAllochthonius(Hu&Zhang2011). ofthegenusAllochthoniusisalsoprovided.
The genus Allochthonius was erected by
Chamberlin (1929) for the type species Chtho-
niusopticusEllingsen,1907fromJapanthrough 2.Materialandmethods
an original designation. Presently, the genus
Allochthonius is divided into two subgenera, Thespecimensarepreservedin75%alcoholand
Allochthonius and Urochthonius Morikawa, deposited in the Museum of Hebei University
1954,basedonthepresenceorabsenceofeyes. (MHBU),BaodingCity,China.
TheirspeciesarewidelydistributedinJapanand Microscopicexaminationanddrawingswere
South Korea. The subgenus Allochthonius is carriedoutwithaLeicaM165cstereomicroscope
composedoftwelvespeciesmainlydistributedin with a drawing tube. Photographs were taken
EastAsia(Japan,SouthKorea,NorthKoreaand with a Leica M205a stereomicroscope, which
108 Gao&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.24
Fig.1.Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)exo-
rnatussp.n.–a.
Habitus,dorsalviewof
holotype.–b.Habitus,
dorsalviewoffemale
paratype(Ps.-MHBU-
JI12073002).
wasalsousedforthemeasurements.Detailedex- Reserve [39°51’N, 114°52’E], a.s.l. 1,351 m,
amination was carried out with an Olympus 30.VII.2012,leg.FengZhang.Paratypes:1male
BX53 general optical microscope. Temporary (Ps.-MHBU-JI12073001) and 2 females (Ps.-
slidemountsweremadeinglycerol. MHBU-JI12073002-12073003),samedataasfor
The term “rallum” (for flagellum) follows holotype.
Judson(2007).Thepatternofdescriptionandter- Diagnosis. This species is characterized by
minologyfollowChamberlin(1931)andHarvey the lateral surface on chelal hand possessing
(1992).Thesetalformulaofthepalpfemurfol- roundedwhitishpatchesandtheshapeandnum-
lows Vachon (1941) and that of leg femur are berofsevencoxalspinespresentoncoxaeI,each
takenusingJudson’s(2007)referencepoints.The bladehavingacentralspineterminallythatisdis-
chelaandchelalhandaremeasuredinlateralview tinctly expanded into afan-shaped structure, all
andallmeasurementsaregiveninmm.10–6–4– situatedonacommontubercle.
2–4(26)referstocarapacalchaetotaxy:carapace Thisspeciesdiffersfromtheothermembers
with26setae,anteriormarginwithtensetaeand of the subgenus Allochthonius in having orna-
posteriormarginwithfoursetae. mented surface on the chelal hand which is
unique. The new species is closely similar to
Allochthonius (A.) liaoningensis from China in
3.DescriptionofAllochthonius having the same carapacal formula, four eyes,
(Allochthonius)exornatussp.n. similarbodylength,cheliceraewith5to6setae
(Figs1–3) andtheywerebothcollectedfromNorthChina.
Thenewspeciescanbeeasilydistinguishedfrom
Subgenus Allochthonius (Allochthonius) Cham- A.(A.)liaoningensisbyitssmallersize(e.g.chela
berlin,1929 length 1.0–1.12 mm(male) vs. 1.28–1.30 mm),
Beier, 1932: 61–62; Morikawa, 1960: 98; by the presence of straight teeth on the chelal
Harvey,1991:132;Hu&Zhang,2011:2168– movablefinger(vs.teethretrorseinliaoningen-
2169;Hu&Zhang,2012:243–248. sis)andbythenumberofthecoxalspines(6–7vs.
8inliaoningensis).
Type material. Holotype male (Ps.-MHBU- Description. Body (Fig. 1) light yellowish
JI120730): China: Hebei Province, Zhuolu brown,cheliceraeandpalpsreddishbrown.
County, Xiaowutai Mountain National Nature Carapace(Fig.2a)subquadrate,slightlylon-
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.24 (cid:127) AnewpseudoscorpionspeciesfromChina 109
Fig.2.Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)exo-
rnatussp.n.,holotype.
–a.Carapace(dorsal
view).–b.Leftcheli-
cerae(dorsalview).
–c.Coxalspineson
legI(ventralview).
–d.Rallum.–e.Left
palp(minuschela,dor-
salview).–f.Leftchela
(lateralview).–g.Tipof
palpalfingers(dorsal
view).–h.LeftlegI(lat-
eralview).–i.Genital
area(ventralview).
–j.LeftlegIV(lateral
view).Scalebars:0.10
mm(b–d,g),0.20mm
(a,e–f,h–j).
ger than broad (1.02–1.04 times) in males and operculum(Fig.2i)with8–9setae,genitalopen-
slightlyshorterthanbroadinfemales(0.96–0.98 ingpit-likeinthebasalhalf,7–8marginalsetae
times),carapaceslightlyconstrictedposteriorly; oneachside;sternalchaetotaxyIII–X:11–16:17:
anterioreyeswithwell-developedtapetaandsitu- 15–16:15–16:15–16:16–17:11–13:9:2;coxae
atedontubercles,posterioreyeswithlessdevel- typical,setaeP5,I4,II5,III6,IV7;intercoxal
opedtapetathananterioreyesandnotsituatedon tuberclepresentandwithtwosetae.Femaletergal
tubercles;withoutepistome,spacebetweenme- chaetotaxyI–X:4–5:6–7:6–10:8–9:10–11:11:
dian setae straight or slightly recurved; chaeto- 11–12: 10–12: 7–10: 6: 2; anterior genital
taxy10–6–4–2–4(26). operculum with 13–14 setae, posterior margin
Maletergalchaetotaxy(includingmaleholo- with23–26marginalsetae;sternachaetotaxyIV–
type and the paratype) I–X:4: 6: 7–8: 7–8: 8– X: 17–19: 15–16: 14–16: 16: 15: 12: 8–10: 2;
10:11: 11–12: 12: 8–9: 5:TT: 0; anterior genital setaeP5,I3,II5,III6,IV6.CoxaeIeachwith7–
110 Gao&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.24
Fig.3.Allochthonius
(Allochthonius)exo-
rnatussp.n.–a.Left
chelaofholotype.
–b.Carapaceand
cheliceraeofholotype.
–c.Leftchelalhandof
holotype.–d.Genital
areaofholotype.
–e.Genitalareaoffe-
maleparatype(Ps.-
MHBU-JI12073002).
8 spines, arranged on a common tubercle (Fig. ofhandpossessingroundedwhitishpatches;fe-
2c). mur1.49–1.56timeslongerthancarapace,setal
Cheliceral (Fig. 2b) palm with 6 setae, of formula3–6–8–2–12–5; chelal finger straight in
whichashortonelocatedlaterally;palmwithtiny dorsalview;fixedfingerwith18acuteteeth,in
granulation. Fixed finger with four teeth, of middlelargerthanthatinbothends;movablefin-
whichsub-basalandapicaltoothlargeandother gerwith5–7irregularacuteteethinterminalhalf,
two small; movable finger with 15 relatively allofwhichdifferentinsize;sensillaabsent.
smallacuteteeth,graduallyenlargingfromtermi- Legs(Figs2h,j)typical.FemuroflegI1.61–
nalhalftobasalhalf;spinneretabsent.Serrulaex- 1.67 times longer than patella, tarsus 2.00–2.10
terior with 14–15 lamellae, serrulainterior with timeslongerthantibia,setaeoflegI(trochanterto
13–14 lamellae. Rallum in two rows and com- tibia)6:17:14:17,setaeoflegIV(trochanterto
posedof10bladeswithfinebarbules,ofwhich metatarsus) 3: 2: 11: 19: 20; patellae of legs III
posteriorbladeshorterthanothers,veryanterior andIVeachwith4setaeindorsalrow;femurIII
onelongest. andIVwithoutdorsalsetae;trochanterIIwith5
Palp(Figs2e–g)smoothwithlateralsurface setae,trochanterIIIwith6setae.LegIVwith2
ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.24 (cid:127) AnewpseudoscorpionspeciesfromChina 111
tactilesetae,oneonmetatarsus(TS=0.21)and 4.Keytospecies
anotherontarsus(TS=0.17),TSshowingloca- ofthegenusAllochthonius
tionoftactilesetaasratioofa/b,wherea=dis-
tanceofsetafromproximaljointandb=lengthof 1. Eyes absent (rarely two eyes) (Subgenus
legsegment. Urochthonius) 2
Measurements.Males,holotypeandparatype – Fourdevelopedeyes(Allochthoniuss.str.) 4
(length×widthinmm,ratioinparentheses).Body 2. Palpal femora stouter, less than 5 times as
length 1.84–1.93. Carapace 0.47–0.50×0.45– longasbroad Allochthonius(U.)brevitus
0.49 (1.02–1.04). Chelicera 0.40–0.42×0.20– – Palpal femora slender, more than 5 times as
0.21 (2.00), movable finger length 0.23–0.24. longasbroad 3
Palpal trochanter 0.19–0.21×0.13–0.14 (1.46– 3. Twoelevatedandvestigialeyes
1.50), femur 0.70–0.78×0.13–0.14 (5.38–5.57), Allochthonius(U.)biocularis
patella0.24–0.28×0.12–0.14(2.00),chela1.02– – Eyesabsent Allochthonius(U.)ishikawai
1.12×0.20–0.22 (5.09–5.10), chelal hand length 4. Teeth on the chelal movable finger retrorse
0.35–0.37 (1.68–1.75), movable finger length Allochthonius(A.)liaoningensis
0.64–0.68(1.83–1.84×hand).LegIfemur0.37– – Teethonthechelalmovablefingerstraight 5
0.40×0.08 (4.63–5.00), patella 0.23–0.24×0.08 5. Cheliceralpalmwithfivesetaeondorsalsur-
(2.88–3.00), tibia 0.20–0.22×0.05–0.06 (3.67– face,onesetaonventralsurface
4.00),tarsus0.42–0.44×0.05(8.40–8.80);legIV Allochthonius(A.)buanensis
femur+patella0.57–0.63×0.19–0.21(3.00),tibia – Cheliceralpalmwithfiveorsixsetaeondor-
0.41–0.46×0.09–0.10 (4.56–4.60), metatarsus sal surface, without any seta on ventral sur-
0.23–0.24×0.07 (3.29–3.43), tarsus 0.44– face 6
0.47×0.05(8.80–9.40). 6. Epistomepresent 7
Briefdescriptionoffemaleparatypes.Mostly – Epistomeabsent 8
sameasholotype,Bodylength1.89–2.51.Cara- 7. Cheliceralpalmwithsixsetae;fixedfingerof
pace 0.51–0.55×0.53–0.56 (0.96–0.98). chela with 30 teeth, movable finger with 25
Chelicera0.48–0.50×0.24–0.25(2.00),movable teeth Allochthonius(A.)coreanus
finger length 0.29–0.30. Palpal trochanter – Cheliceralpalmwithfivesetae;fixedfinger
0.23×0.14–0.15 (1.53–1.64), femur 0.83– ofchelawith18to20teeth,movablefinger
0.87×0.15–0.16 (5.44–5.53), patella 0.32– with eight to nine acute spaced teeth on the
0.33×0.14–0.16 (2.00–2.36), chela 1.18– apicalhalfandninetotenreducedorvestigial
1.25×0.26–0.29 (4.31–4.54), chelal hand length teethonthebasalhalf
0.39–0.46 (1.50–1.59), movable finger length Allochthonius(A.)borealis
0.74–0.80(1.74–1.90×hand).LegIfemur0.42– 8. Eachcoxalspineclavate 9
0.44×0.09(4.67–4.89),patella0.25–0.27×0.08– – Eachcoxalspinewithtridentatebranchesand
0.09 (3.00–3.13), tibia 0.23–0.24×0.07 (3.29– the central one terminally spatulate or ex-
3.43),tarsus0.47–0.49×0.06(7.83–8.17);legIV pandedasfan-shaped 10
femur+patella 0.66–0.70×0.21–0.23 (3.04– 9. Fixed finger of chelicera with a very large
3.14), tibia 0.48–0.52×0.10–0.11 (4.73–4.80), posterior tooth, the others smaller and of
metatarsus 0.26–0.27×0.07 (3.71–3.86), tarsus equallength Allochthonius(A.)opticus
0.48–0.51×0.05(9.60–10.20). – Fixedfingerofchelicerawithalargeanterior
Distribution.China(Hebei). and nearly equal-sized posterior tooth, with
Etymology.Thespecificnameisderivedfrom two or three smaller intervening ones
the Latin word “exornatus” meaning embel- Allochthonius(A.)shintoisticus
lished, referring to the lateral surface of chelal 10.Numberofcarapacalsetaeatleast26 11
handpossessingroundedwhitishpatches. – Numberofcarapacalsetaenotmorethan26
13
11.Anterior margin of carapace with protuber-
ances Allochthonius(A.)trigonus
112 Gao&Zhang (cid:127) ENTOMOL.FENNICAVol.24
– Anterior margin of carapace without protu- References
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