DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE

149 Pages·2016·8.7 MB·English

SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR
INSECT PESTS ON RABI POTATO AT RAIPUR

M.Sc. (Ag) Thesis

by

Dhananjay Nag

DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA
RAIPUR (Chhattisgarh)

2016
SEASONAL OCCURRENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR
INSECT PESTS ON RABI POTATO AT RAIPUR

Thesis

Submitted to the

Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.)

by

Dhananjay Nag

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF

Master of Science (Agriculture)
in
Entomology

UE ID. 20131418498 ID No. 120113138
April, 2016

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“Education plays a fundamental role in personal and social development
and teacher plays a fundamental role in imparting education. Teachers have
crucial role in preparing young people not only to face the future with confidence
but also to build it up with purpose and responsibility. There is no substitute for
teacher pupil relationship”. I start in the name of God who has bestowed upon me
all the physical and mental attributes that I possess and skills to cut through and
heal a fellow human.
I take this golden opportunity to express my deepest sense of gratitude to
the Chairman of my Advisory Committee Dr. Rajeev Gupta, Professor,
Department of Entomology, for his research insight, valuable guidance, constant
encouragement, unique supervision and kind sympathetic attitude, despite his
heaviest schedule of work, his helpful, patience, creative guidance has given touch
of excellence to this manuscript.
I have immense pleasure in expressing my whole hearted sense of
appreciation for the other members of my Advisory Committee, Dr. H. K.
Chandrakar, Principle Scientist (Department of Entomology), Dr. Pravin Kumar
Sharma, Scientist, (Department of Vegetable science) and Dr. Ravi R. Saxena,
Professor (Department of Agricultural Statistics & Social Science (Language) for
providing proper guidance and encouragement throughout the research work.
Without their kind cooperation, it would not have been easy for me to complete
this manuscript.
I am deeply obliged to Dr. V.K. Koshta, Professor and Head, Department
of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Raipur (C.G.), whose inspiring
suggestions, enthusiastic interest and encouragement provided me solace during
the tenure of investigation.
I am highly obliged to Dr. S. K. Patil, Hon’ble Vice Chancellor, Dr. J. S.
Urkurkar, Director Research Services, Dr. S. S. Shaw, Director of Instructions,
Dr. M. P. Thakur, Director Extention Services, Dr. O. P. Kashyap, Dean Student
Welfare and Dr. S. S. Rao, Dean, College of Agriculture, I.G.K.V., Raipur for
providing necessary facilities, technical and administrative support for
conductance of this research work.
i
I am highly obligated to all the teachers of the Department of Entomology,
Dr. Shiv Kumar Shrivastava, , Dr. A. K. Dubey, Dr Sanjay Sharma, Dr. V.
K. Dubey, , Dr. Y. K. Yadu, Dr. D. K. Rana, Dr. (Smt.) J. L. Ganguli, Dr. B. P.
Katlam, Dr. Navneet Rana, Smt. Sonali Deole and Shri Vikas Thakur.
I am specially thankful to Dr. P. K. Joshi, scientist (Department of Plant
Breeding and Genetics) Shri Harvindar Singh, scientist (Department of Plant
Pathology), Dr. C. S. Shukla, Professor (Department of Plant Pathology )who
helped me a lot without that I cannot complete this manuscript.
Words can hardly express the heartfelt gratitude to my beloved father Shri
Udho Ram Nag and mother Smt. Jethin Bai Nag, whose selfless love, filial
affection, obstinate sacrifices and blessing made my path easier. I am also
thankful to my elder sister Pramila Nag and all other family members for their
filial affection and good wishes.
I am highly thankful to my seniors particularly Kamal Narayan Sir,
Rajendra Usare Sir, Harishankar Sir, Pankaj Mishra Sir, Shashikala Kulhara
Madam, Manish Bisane Sir, Mahesh Sir, Diklesh Sir, Bharat Sir, Dilip Sir,
Hemant Singh Sir, Pankaj Rai Sir, Bhupesh Sir, Chandramani Sir, Nirala Sir,
Sanjay Sir and Soni Sir who were always to give their kind guidance, help and
suggestions in the present study.
I express my sincere thanks to my colleagues Yeetesh, Pankaj, Pushpendra,
Tejram, Jayant, Manmohan, Yogesh, Yogendra, Marapi, Puneshwar, Shakyawal,
Murli, Akash, Hemkant, Roshni, Archana, Shimla, Sandeep, Jayaram, Ravindra,
Rupesh, Ashish, Diproshan, Kadir, Shakti, Saurabh, Harish, Harsh, Om Prakash,
How can I express my thanks to “God” because there is no word to
express it. So, my lord, please realize and accept my feelings.

Department of Entomology
College of Agriculture,
I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G.)
Date: __________ Dhananjay Nag
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter Title Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND NOTATIONS ix
ABSTRACT x
I INTRODUCTION 1
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 6
2.1 Seasonal occurrence of major insect pests of potato and 6
their natural enemies as influenced by ambient weather.
2.2 Varietal response of potato for resistance against major 15
insect pests.
2.3 Management of insect pests through chemicals and their 17
effect on natural enemies.
III MATERIALS AND METHODS 27
3.1 Location of experimental site 27
3.2 Geographical situation 27
3.3 Climatic condition 27
3.3.1 Weather conditions during the cropping period 28
3.4 Cultural operations 31
3.4.1 Field preparation 32
3.4.2 Tuber Seed Treatment 32
3.4.3 Planting 32
3.4.4 Manure and Fertilizer application 32
3.4.5 Earthing up 33
3.4.6 Irrigation 33
3.4.7 Plant Protection Measures 33
3.4.8 Weed Management 33
iii
3.4.9 Harvesting 33
3.5 Experimental details 33
3.5.1 Seasonal occurrence of major insect pests of potato 34
and their natural enemies as influenced by ambient
weather.
3.5.2 Varietal response of potato for resistance against 36
major insect pests
3.5.3 Management of insect pests through chemicals and 39
their effect on natural enemies.
3.6 Statistical analysis 42
IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 44
4.1 Seasonal occurrence of major insect pests of potato and 44
their natural enemies as influenced by ambient weather
4.1.1 Suckings pests 49

4.1.1.1 White fly (Bemisia tabaci, Hemiptera: 49
Aleyrodidae)
4.1.1.2 Leaf hopper (Amrasca biguttula 49
biguttula, Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
4.1.1.3 Aphid (Myzus persicae, Hemiptera: 49
Aphididae)
4.1.1.4 Thrips (Thrips palmi, Tysanoptera: 51
Thripidae)
4.1.2 Predatory fauna of potato pests 51
4.1.2.1 Lady bird beetle 51
4.1.2.2 Staphylinid beetle 54
4.1.2.3 Spiders 54
4.1.3 Correlation of insect pests of potato with their 54
natural enemies
4.1.4 Influence of ambient weather on the incidence of 59
major insect pests and their bio-agents
4.1.4.1 Aphid (Myzus persicae) as influenced by 59
different weather parameters.
4.1.4.2 Thrips (Thrips palmi) as influenced by 61
different weather parameters
4.1.4.3 Leaf hopper (Amrasca biguttula 63
biguttula) as influenced by different
weather parameters
iv
4.1.4.4 White fly (Bemisia tabaci) as influenced 65
by different weather parameters.
4.1.5 Natural enemies as influenced by different weather 67
parameter
4.1.5.1 Lady bird beetle 67
4.1.5.2 Spider 71
4.1.5.3 Staphylinid beetle 73
4.2 Varietal response of potato for resistance against major 75
insect pests.
4.2.1 Aphid, Myzus persicae 75
4.2.2 Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci 78
4.2.3 leaf hopper, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla 81
4.2.4 Thrips, Thrips palmi 84
4.2.5 Incidence of potato mosaic virues 86
4.2.7 Yield 86
4.3 Management of insect pests through chemicals and their 88
effect on natural enemies
4.3.1 Aphid (Myzus persicae) 90
4.3.2 Leaf hopper (Amrasca biguttula biguttula) 94
4.3.3 Whitefly (Bemisia tabci) 97
4.3.4 Thrips (Thrips palmi) 100
4.3.5 Lady bird beetle 104
4.3.6 Staphylinid beetle 104
4.3.7 Spider 105
4.4 Benefit cost ratio 109
V SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 113
REFERENCES 119
RESUME 131

v
LIST OF TABLES
Table Title Page
3.1 Weekly meteorological data during crop growth period 29
(November 2014 to February 2015)
3.2 Schedule of various cultural operations 31
3.3 The skeleton of the analysis of variance 42
4.1 Seasonal fluctuation of insect pests of potato and their natural 45
enemies during Rabi, 2014- 15
4.2 Insect-pests fauna observed on potato variety Kufri Surya 47
during Rabi, 2014-15
4.3 Predatory fauna observed on Potato variety Kufri during Rabi, 48
2014 -15
4.4 Influence of predatory fauna on the incidence of sucking 56
pests infesting potato during, Rabi 2014 -15.
4.5 Incidence of aphid as influenced by ambient weather during, 59
Rabi, 2014 -15.
4.6 Incidence of Thrips as influenced by ambient weather during 62
Rabi, 2014 -15
4.7 Incidence of Leaf hopper as influenced by ambient weather 64
during Rabi, 2014 -15.
4.8 Incidence of white fly as influenced by ambient weather during 67
Rabi, 2014 -15
4.9 Incidence of Lady bird beetle as influenced by ambient weather 70
during Rabi, 2014 -15
4.10 Incidence of Spider as influenced by ambient weather during Rabi, 72
2014-15
4.11 Incidence of Styphylinid beetle as influenced by ambient weather 73
during Rabi, 2014 -15
4.12 Aphid population per plant on different varieties of potato during 77
Rabi, 2014 -15
4.13 Whitefly population per plant on different varieties of potato during 79
Rabi, 2014 -15
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