Delay Analysis in Construction Contracts

291 Pages·2015·2.97 MB·English

by  P. John Keane

Delay Analysis in
Construction Contracts

Delay Analysis in
Construction Contracts
2nd Edition
P. J. Keane & A. F. Caletka
Thiseditionfirstpublished2015
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Keane,P.J.(P.John)
Delayanalysisinconstructioncontracts/P.J.Keane&A.F.Caletka.–2ndedition.
pagescm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-118-63117-1(cloth:alk.paper)1.Constructionindustry–Costcontrol.2.Construction
industry–Planning.3.Productionscheduling.4.Constructioncontracts.I.Caletka,A.F.(AnthonyF.)II.Title.
HD9715.A2K4432015
690.068′5–dc23
2015008907
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Setin10/12.5pt,MinionProbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India
1 2015
Contents
AbouttheAuthors ix
PrefacetotheSecondEdition xi
PrefacetotheFirstEdition xiii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 General 1
1.1.1 Purposeofthisbook 2
1.1.2 Guidance 4
1.1.3 Constructionplanningandprogramming 5
1.2 Constructiondelays 6
1.2.1 Identifyingdelays 6
1.2.2 Analysingconstructiondelays 7
1.2.3 Delayclaimlifecycle 9
1.3 Burningissuesindelayanalysis 10
1.4 Presentationandcasestudy 11
2 ConstructionProgrammes 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.1.1 Planning,programmingandprojectcontrols 13
2.1.2 Elementsofasuccessfulproject 15
2.2 Planningandprogramming 16
2.2.1 Projectplanning 17
2.2.2 Workbreakdownstructure 18
2.3 CPMprogrammingtechniques:thefundamentals 21
2.3.1 Activitydurations 22
2.3.2 Activityrelationships 24
2.3.3 Eventdatecalculations 28
2.3.4 Forwardpass 30
2.3.5 Backwardpass 32
2.3.6 Totalfloat 34
2.3.7 Constraints 37
2.4 Baselinevalidation 38
2.4.1 Jointbaselinereview 38
2.4.2 Programmeapproval 38
2.4.3 Theprojectbaseline 41
v
vi Contents
2.5 Otherplanningtechniques 41
2.5.1 PERT – ProjectEvaluationandReviewTechnique 41
2.5.2 Ganttcharts(barcharts) 43
2.5.3 Lineofbalance 45
2.5.4 Criticalchainmethod/theoryofconstraints 47
2.6 WhyuseCPMplanningorschedulingtechniques? 49
2.6.1 Projectmanagement 49
2.6.2 As-plannedprogrammes 50
2.7 Projectcontrolsandtheprojectcontrolcycle 51
2.7.1 Progressmonitoring 52
2.7.2 Processandanalyseinformation – EarnedValueMethod 54
2.7.3 Thecostandscheduleperformancecurves 56
2.7.4 Timecontrol 58
2.7.5 Programmeupdates 58
2.8 Records,records,records… 64
2.8.1 Electronicrecords:managementandstorage 66
2.8.2 Electronicrecordsinpractice 67
2.8.3 Documentcontrols 68
2.9 Predatoryprogrammingpractices 71
2.10 Guidance 72
3 IdentificationofConstructionDelays 73
3.1 Establishingabasisforidentifyingdelay 73
3.1.1 Generalrequirements 74
3.1.2 Validationofanas-plannedprogramme 75
3.2 Factualevidenceandas-builtprogrammes 77
3.2.1 As-builtprogrammepreparation 78
3.2.2 Summary 86
3.3 Identificationofdelayevents 86
3.3.1 Delayidentification 87
3.3.2 Recordingdelays 89
3.4 Identificationandanalysisofdisruption 92
3.4.1 Disruptionanddelay 92
3.4.2 Calculatingdisruption 94
3.4.3 Establishingcause 95
3.4.4 Totalcostclaims/globalclaims 97
3.4.5 Measuredmile 99
3.4.6 Graphicalpresentation 103
3.4.7 Summary 109
4 AnalysisofConstructionDelays 111
4.1 Introduction 111
4.1.1 TheuseofCPMtechniques 111
4.1.2 Projectplanningsoftware 113
4.1.3 Identifyingdelays:causeoreffect? 115
Contents vii
4.2 Selectioncriteriaandguidance 117
4.2.1 TheSCLDelayandDisruptionProtocol 118
4.2.2 Thecorestatementsofprinciple 120
4.2.3 AACEIRecommendedPracticeNo.29R-03:Forensic
ScheduleAnalysis 124
4.2.4 Whichtechniquetouseundergivencircumstances 131
4.3 Summary 132
5 DelayAnalysisTechniques 135
5.1 Introductiontodelayanalysistechniques 135
5.1.1 Additivemethodsofdelayanalysis 137
5.1.2 Impactedas-planned 137
5.1.3 Timeimpactanalysis 142
5.1.4 Collapsedas-built 151
5.1.5 As-builtbasedmethodsofanalysis 159
5.1.6 Totaltimeassessments(observational/static/gross) 162
5.1.7 As-plannedversusas-builtwindowsanalysis 169
5.1.8 Contemporaneouswindowsanalysis 172
5.1.9 Month-to-monthupdateanalysis 175
5.2 Summary 180
6 ProblematicIssues 183
6.1 Introduction 183
6.2 Floatanddelayclaims 183
6.2.1 Generaldefinitions:whatis‘float’? 183
6.2.2 Howfloatisused 184
6.2.3 Floatlossandtheimpact 187
6.2.4 Measurementoffloatloss 188
6.2.5 Whoownsthefloat? 190
6.3 Concurrency 194
6.3.1 Definitions 195
6.3.2 DelayanalysisandConcurrency 196
6.3.3 SCLDelayandDisruptionProtocol 205
6.3.4 Delayscenarios 205
6.3.5 Commonquestions 208
6.3.6 Experienceandcommonsense 209
6.3.7 Theconceptofpacing 210
6.4 Programmeapprovalsandonerousspecifications 211
6.4.1 Programmerequirements,formatandcompliance 211
6.4.2 Approvaloracceptanceofconstructionprogramme 217
6.5 Accelerationandmitigation 218
6.5.1 Mitigation 218
6.5.2 Acceleration 219
6.5.3 Contractors’righttoearlycompletion 221
viii Contents
7 EffectivePresentationofDelayAnalysis 223
7.1 Introduction 223
7.2 Casestudy:airportterminalexpansion 223
7.2.1 Initialanalysisbyparty-appointedplanningexperts 224
7.2.2 Usingtimeimpactanalysisforprolongation 227
7.2.3 Tribunalplanningexpert’scontemporaneousapproach 228
7.2.4 RunwayExtension:aredelaystotherunwayextension
relevant? 230
7.2.5 TerminalBuilding:aredelaystotheterminalbuilding
relevant? 231
7.3 Floatmapping:approachandmethodology 231
7.3.1 Extractingfloatvalues 233
7.3.2 Creatingafloatmap 233
7.3.3 Identifydrivingactivities 236
7.3.4 As-builtcriticalpath 237
7.4 Demonstratingacceleration 246
7.5 Presentationskills:demonstrativeevidence 248
7.5.1 Demonstration 250
7.5.2 Reconstruction 251
7.5.3 Weather 252
7.5.4 Summary 252
Appendix 255
Glossary 259
TableofCases 267
Index 271