Degradation of Antibiotics and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria From Various Sources

441 Pages·2022·10.175 MB·English

by  Pardeep Singh, Mika Sillanpaa

DEGRADATION OF ANTIBIOTICS AND
ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANT BACTERIA FROM
VARIOUS SOURCES
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Developments in Microbiology
DEGRADATION OF
ANTIBIOTICS AND
ANTIBIOTIC-
RESISTANT
BACTERIA FROM
VARIOUS SOURCES
Edited by
P S
ARDEEP INGH
DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience,PGDAVCollege,UniversityofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
M S ¨ ¨
IKA ILLANPAA
LappeenrantaUniversityofTechnology,Mikkeli,Finland
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Contents
List of contributors xi 1.15 Phagetherapyanalternativeto
antibiotics 24
1. Antibiotic resistance: retrospect and 1.16 Phageantibioticsynergies 25
1.17 Conclusion 26
prospect 1
References 26
BilalAslam,MoeedAhmad,MuhammadUsamaTariq,
SaimaMuzammil,AbuBakerSiddique,MohsinKhurshid,
2. Antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant
AqsaShahid,MuhammadHidayatRasool,
TamoorHamidChaudhry,AfreenishAmir, bacteria in the environment:
MuhammadSalmanandZulqarnainBaloch sources and impacts 39
1.1 Introductiontoantibiotics 1 AqsaShahid,SaimaMuzammil,BilalAslam,UsmanAliAshfaq,
1.1.1 Naturalproductsasconventional SumreenHayat,MuhammadBilal,MuhammadShahidRiazRajoka,
MuhammadAtifNisarandMohsinKhurshid
antibioticsandtheirderivatives 2
1.2 Antibioticstimeline 3
2.1 Introduction 39
1.3 Theemergenceofresistance 5
2.2 Antibioticconsumptionandoccurrenceof
1.4 Historicalevidenceofantibiotic-resistant
antibioticsintheenvironment 40
genes 5
2.3 Antimicrobialresistanceand
1.5 Globalemergingthreats 7
environment 43
1.6 AntimicrobialresistanceinESKAPE
2.4 Antimicrobial-resistantdeterminantsinthe
pathogens 7
environment 45
1.6.1 ResistantStaphylococcusaureus 8
2.5 Modesofantibiotic-resistantbacteria
1.6.2 Vancomycon-resistantenterococci 9
transmission 47
1.6.3 Klebsiellapneumoniae 9
2.5.1 Surfacewaters 48
1.6.4 Acinetobacterbaumannii 10
2.5.2 Air 49
1.6.5 Pseudomonasareuginosa 11 2.5.3 Animalvectors 49
1.6.6 Enterobacterspecies 11
2.6 Effectsofantibioticsresidueonthe
1.6.7 Escherichiacoli 12
environment 52
1.6.8 Mycobacteriumtuberculosis 12
2.6.1 Disruptionofbacterial
1.7 Onehealthandantibioticresistance 13 communities 53
1.8 Livingwithsuperbugs 14 2.6.2 Antibioticresidueandhumanand
1.9 Futureprospects 15 animalhealth 54
1.9.1 Antimicrobialresistance 2.7 Conclusions 56
associatedwitheconomicand References 56
healthburdens 15
1.10 Next-generationantibiotics 16 3. Ecological distribution of environmental
1.11 RNA-basedantibiotics 16 resistome and its challenges 67
1.12 CRISPR-Cassystemsasalternative
SejalMahalle,ShishirBobate,ShwetaSrivastava,
therapeutics 19
AbhayBajajandNishantA.Dafale
1.13 Hybridantibiotics 20
1.14 Antimicrobialstewardship 22 3.1 Introduction 67
v
vi
Contents
3.2 Hospitaleffluent:apotentialsourcefor 4.6.2 Novelalternatives 105
environmentalresistome 68 4.6.3 Governmentadministration 107
3.3 Municipalsewage:ahubforenvironmental 4.6.4 Effectivedetectiontechniques 107
resistomegrowth 71 4.7 Conclusions 107
3.4 Distributionofantibioticresistanceacross References 107
ecosystems 76
3.4.1 Antimicrobialresistanceandterrestrial
ecosystem 76 5. Antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant
3.4.2 Antimicrobialresistanceandaquatic bacteria, and the environment 117
ecosystem 79
ShailendraYadav,UpasanaAroraandKamranZaman
3.5 Developmentofenvironmentalresistome:
roleofveterinaryfarmingandwaste 81 5.1 Introduction 117
3.6 Conclusion 82 5.1.1 Antibioticsinenvironment 120
Acknowledgment 83 5.2 Sourcesofantibioticsandantibiotic-resistant
References 83 bacteriaintheenvironment 123
5.2.1 Naturalsourcesandantibiotic-resistant
genedisseminationinthe
4. Current problems with the environment 123
antibiotic-resistant bacteria and 5.2.2 Anthropogenicantibioticsources,
antibiotic-resistantgenes,and
multiresistance bacteria 89
antibiotic-resistantbacteriainthe
XiuminWangandTingLi environment 125
5.3 Mechanismofresistance 131
4.1 Introduction 89
5.3.1 Antibiotic-resistantbacteriain
4.2 Antibiotic-resistantbacteria 90
environment 132
4.2.1 Enterococci 90
5.4 Futureperspectives 133
4.2.2 S.aureus 91
References 134
4.2.3 K.pneumoniae 91
4.2.4 A.baumannii 92
4.2.5 P.aeruginosa 92
6. Antibiotics as contaminants of
4.2.6 Enterobacteriaceae 92
aquatic ecosystems: antibiotic-resistant
4.3 Antibioticresistancephenotypesand
transfermechanismsinbacteria 93 genes and antibiotic-resistant
4.3.1 Intrinsicresistance 93 bacteria 143
4.3.2 Acquiredantibiotic
IgnacioAlejandroPe´rez-LegaspiandRobertoRico-Mart´ınez
resistance 94
4.4 Influencesofantibioticresistance 98 6.1 Introduction 143
4.4.1 Globalhealth 98 6.2 Sources 144
4.4.2 Foodsecurity 99 6.2.1 Hospitals 145
4.4.3 Economicburden 100 6.2.2 Wastewatertreatmentplants 145
4.5 Detectionmethodsofbacterial 6.2.3 Livestock 146
antibiotic-resistantgenes 100 6.2.4 Aquaculture 147
4.5.1 DifferentPCRassays 101 6.3 Antibiotic-resistantbacteriasand
4.5.2 Southernhybridization 103 antibiotic-resistantgenes 149
4.5.3 Microarray 103 6.4 Distributionandadverseeffectsof
4.5.4 Metagenomicsequencing 104 antibiotics,antibiotic-resistantgenesand
4.6 Strategiesinthebattleagainstantibiotic antibiotic-resistantbacteriasinaquatic
resistanceofbacteria 105 ecosystems 150
4.6.1 Appropriateapplication 105 6.5 Aquaticecosystems 150
vii
Contents
6.6 Effects 154 8.4 Impactofantibiotic-resistantbacteriaon
6.7 Prospectiveandfutureresearch 155 microbialdiversityandecosystems
References 156 functions 190
8.5 Transmissionofantibioticresistancein
aquaticenvironment 190
7. Antibiotics in wastewater: perspective
8.5.1 Vectorsofantibiotic-resistantgene
of biological treatment processes 159
transmission 192
PurusottamTripathy,OmPrakash,AbhishekSharma, 8.6 Mitigatingtheproblem 192
DeepakPanchalandSukdebPal 8.7 Conclusion 194
References 194
7.1 Introduction 159
7.2 Background 161
9. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in
7.2.1 Antibioticsclassification 161
7.2.2 Occurrenceintheenvironment 161 natural water bodies: causes, routes, and
7.2.3 Sourcesandpathwaysofantibioticsin remedies 203
theenvironment 162
IfeoluwaFunmilolaOmotade,KayodeHassanLasisi,
7.2.4 Detectionofantibiotics 164
FidelisOdedishemiAjibade,TemitopeFausatAjibade,
7.3 Factorsandprocessesinfluencingantibiotic BashirAdelodun,PankajKumar,NathanielAzibuikeNwogwu,
removal 164 IsraelAdedayoAdeoye,OlawaleOlugbengaOlanrewajuand
7.3.1 Retransformationprocedures 164 JamesRotimiAdewumi
7.3.2 Solidretentiontime 165
9.1 Background 203
7.4 Estimationandpredictionofantibiotic
9.2 Bacteria 204
removal 166
9.2.1 Essenceandeffectofbacteria 205
7.4.1 Wastestreamsdynamics 166
9.2.2 Controlofbacteria 205
7.4.2 Laboratory-scaleestimationofprocess
9.3 Antibiotics,antibioticresistanceand
parameters 166
antibiotic-resistantbacteria 205
7.5 Remediationmethods 167
9.3.1 Theconceptandclassificationof
7.5.1 Anerobictreatment 168
antibiotics 205
7.5.2 Aerobictreatment 169
9.3.2 Sourcesandrouteofantibiotics 206
7.5.3 Integratedanaerobic(cid:1)aerobictreatment
9.3.3 Interrelationshipofantibioticsand
process 170
bacteria 207
7.6 Conclusion 172
9.3.4 Commonexistingantibiotic
Acknowledgment 173
groups 208
References 173
9.3.5 Theconceptofantibiotic
resistanceandantibiotic-resistant
8. Antibiotic pollution and antibiotic-
bacteria 211
resistant bacteria in water bodies 179 9.3.6 Causesofantibioticresistanceand
antibiotic-resistantbacteria 212
NaliniSinghChauhanandAbhayPunia
9.4 Antibiotic-resistantbacteriaandnaturalwater
8.1 Antibioticsandantibioticresistance 179 bodies 214
8.1.1 Antibiotics 179 9.4.1 Formsofnaturalwaterbodiesinthe
8.1.2 Antibioticresistance 181 ecosystem 214
8.2 Antibioticpollution 181 9.4.2 Antibiotic-resistantbacteriainnatural
8.2.1 Impactsonhumans 182 waterbodies 214
8.3 Antibioticresistanceinbacteria 184 9.5 CombatingandcurbingtheimpactsofARand
8.3.1 Antibioticresistanceinaquacultureand ARBsinnaturalwaterbodies:asustainable
agriculture 185 approachtowatersecurity 218
8.3.2 Antibioticresistanceinaquatic 9.6 Conclusion 219
bacteria 186 References 220
viii
Contents
10. Impact of antibiotics on agricultural 11.2.3 Mechanismsofantibioticresistancein
microbiome: emergence of antibiotic bacteria 253
11.3 Humanhealthimpactsofantibioticsin
resistance bacteria 231
agriculture 255
PallaviAgarwal,NehaSinghandAlvinaFarooqui 11.3.1 Linkingantibiotic-resistantbacteriato
humanhealth 255
10.1 Introduction 231
11.3.2 Addressingriskfactors 259
10.1.1 Fateofantibioticsinsoil
11.3.3 Theimpactofbanningantibioticuse
environment 234
inagriculture 261
10.1.2 Soilfactorsaffectingantibiotics
11.4 Alternativestrategiestolimitantibiotic-
degradationinthe
resistantbacteriainagriculture
environment 234
microbiology 261
10.1.3 Soiltype 234
11.4.1 Developingcomprehensive
10.1.4 Temperature 235
surveillancetobetterunderstand
10.1.5 Oxygencontent 235
antibiotic-resistantbacteria 261
10.1.6 Ionization/pH 236
11.4.2 Detectionandanalysis 263
10.1.7 Antibioticsconcentrationinsoil 236
11.4.3 Regulationandpolicies 263
10.1.8 Soilmicroorganisms 237
11.4.4 Developmentofnovel
10.1.9 Physiochemicalpropertiesof
antibiotics 264
antibioticsaffectingitsdegradation
11.5 Outlookandfuturedirections 265
insoil 237
References 266
10.1.10 Impactofantibioticsonterrestrial
andaquaticfloraandfauna 237
10.1.11 Effectofantibioticsonsoilmicrobial 12. Recent advances in the degradation
community 238 and deactivation of antibiotic-resistant
10.1.12 Phylogeneticanalyses 239
bacteria and antibiotic-resistant genes
10.2 Effectofantibioticsonmicrobial
during wastewater treatment 275
processes 240
10.2.1 Enzymeactivities 241 ShradhanjaliSethi,AnkitaBharshankh,RohanGupta,
10.3 Diversityofantimicrobialresistance BijaylaxmiSahooandRimaBiswas
genes 241
12.1 Introduction 275
10.3.1 Strategiesforpreventionofthespread
12.2 Wastewatertreatmentplants—hot-spotsof
ofantibioticresistance 242
antibiotic-resistantbacteriaand
10.4 Conclusion 242
antibiotic-resistantgene 276
References 243
12.3 Antibiotic-resistantgeneremovalin
wastewatertreatmentplants 277
11. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria and
12.3.1 Theprimarywastewatertreatment
antibiotic-resistant genes in agriculture:
technologies 279
a rising alarm for future 247 12.3.2 Thesecondarywastewatertreatment
technologies 279
StephenBrowne,SparshBhatia,NiloySarkarandMahimaKaushik
12.3.3 Thenaturaltreatmentsystems 281
11.1 Introduction 247 12.3.4 Tertiarywastewatertreatment
11.2 Antibioticuseinagricultureandtheriseof technologies 282
antibioticresistance 249 12.4 Advancedoxidationprocesses 283
11.2.1 Plantagriculture,animalhusbandry, 12.4.1 FentonandFenton-like
andaquaculture 249 processes 284
11.2.2 Antibioticresistanceduring 12.4.2 Ultraviolet-hydrogenperoxide 286
wastewaterreuseandsoil 12.4.3 Ultrasonicoxidation/cavitation 286
application 252 12.4.4 Ozonation 287
ix
Contents
12.4.5 Photocatalysis 287 14.3 Mechanismofcatalyticozonation 319
12.4.6 Sulfateradical-basedadvanced 14.3.1 Heterogeounscatalytic
oxidationprocess 288 ozonation 319
12.5 ChallengesintheremovalofAMRsand 14.3.2 Metaloxide 320
ARGsinWWTPsandfuture 14.3.3 Carbon-basedmaterials 324
perspectives 288 14.4 Photocatalyticozonation 325
Acknowledgment 289 14.4.1 Mechanism 325
References 289 14.4.2 Degradationofantibioticsby
photocatalyticozonation 328
14.5 Economicaspectsofphotocatalytic
13. Aerobic and anaerobic methods for the
ozonation 332
degradations of antibiotic-resistant genes
14.6 Degradationpathway 333
and antibiotic-resistant bacteria from 14.7 Toxicityreductionofantibiotics 334
waste streams 297 14.8 Concludingremarksandfuturestudies 334
Acknowledgement 335
RobertoRico-Mart´ınez,Jesu´sAlvarado-Flores,
GustavoEmilioSantos-MedranoandDanielRobles-Vargas References 335
13.1 Waterandtreatmentplants 297
15. Advanced oxidation processes in the
13.2 Whatareantibiotic-resistantgeneand
mitigation of antibiotic-resistant genes in
antibiotic-resistantbacteria
contaminants? 300 effluents 341
13.2.1 Antibiotic-resistantbacteriaand
NadiaAndradeAleixo,AndersonSchmeing,
antibiotic-resistantgenes 301 AiltonBarbosaPerda˜o,Je´ssicaDemitrolSilva,
13.3 Degradationofantibiotic-resistantbacteria EduardoLucasSubtil,RodrigoBuenoand
andantibiotic-resistantgenes 302 Lu´ciaHelenaGomesCoelho
13.4 Anaerobicmethodsforthedegradationof
15.1 Introduction 341
antibiotic-resistantgenesandantibiotic-
15.2 Effluenttreatment 344
resistantbacteriafromwastestreams 303
15.2.1 Preliminarytreatment 345
13.5 Mechanismsfordegradationof
15.2.2 Primarytreatment 346
antibiotics 307
15.2.3 Secondarytreatment 346
13.6 Mechanismsforlysis,removalanddegradation
15.2.4 Tertiarytreatment 347
ofantibiotic-resistantbacteriaandantibiotic-
15.3 Antibiotic-resistantgenesineffluents 347
resistantgenes 308
15.4 Advancedoxidationprocesses 350
13.7 Prospectiveandfutureresearch 310
15.4.1 Ozonation 350
References 310
15.4.2 Hydrogenperoxide 354
Furtherreading 315
15.4.3 Fentonreaction 356
15.4.4 Photocatalysis 357
14. Degradation of antibiotics in 15.5 Supplementaryinformation 358
wastewater using ozonation-based hybrid 15.6 Finalconsiderationandconclusions 359
References 362
advanced oxidation processes: economic
aspect, degradation pathway and toxicity
16. Advance oxidation processes for
reduction 317
remediation of antibiotics from
MohamedHusseinAbdurahman,NoorFazlianiShopware,
wastewater 369
OhWenDaandAhmadZuhairiAbdullah
OmPrakash,PurusottamTripathy,DeepakPanchal,
14.1 Introduction 317
AbhishekSharmaandSukdebPal
14.2 Occurrenceofantibioticsinwastewater
treatmentplants 319 16.1 Introduction 369