Deep hiStories: Gender and Colonialism in Southern Africa PDF
Preview Deep hiStories: Gender and Colonialism in Southern Africa
Deep hiStories Gender and Colonialism in Southern Africa - Cross / C It u ures Readings in the Post/Colonial Literatures in English 57 Series Editors: Gordon Rena Geoffrey Collier Maes-Jelinek Davis (Giessen) (Liege) (Aachen) Amsterdam- New York, NY 2002 - Deep hiStories Gender and Colonialism in Southern Africa Editedby Wendy Woodward Patricia Hayes and Gary Minkley - The paper on which this book is printed meets the requirements of "ISO 9706:1994, Information and documentation - Paper for documents Requirements forpermanence". ISBN:90-420-1229-3 (bound) ©EditionsRodopiB.V.,Amsterdam - New York, NY 2002 PrintedinThe Netherlands - Table of Contents Acknowledgements vii Listoffigures ix Prologue xi ~ Introduction DeepHiStories:GenderandColonialisminSouthernAfrica WENDY WOODWARD, PATRICIA HAYES AND GARY MINKLEY xxi ~ Genealogiesofvoice StateRacismandtheEducationofDesires: AColonial ReadingofFoucault ANN LAURA STOLER 3 Domesticityand Dispossession:TheIdeologiesofDomesticity and'Home'andtheBritishConstructionofthePrimitive fromtheEighteenthtotheEarlyNineteenthCenturies ELIZABETH ELBOURNE 27 ContradictoryTongues:TortureandTestimony ofTwoSlaveWomenintheEasternCapeCourtsin 1934 WENDY WOODWARD 55 Women'sTalkandtheColonialState: TheCaseofSirJohnWylde,1931-1933 KIRSTEN MACKENZIE 85 ScienceandtheSpectacle: /Khanako'sSouthAfrica, 1936-1937 CIRAJ RASSOOLAND PATRICIA HAYES 117 - Co1:l Steepedhistories 'Moedermeesteres':Dutch-AfrikaansWomen'sEntry intothePublic Sphere intheCapeColony 1860-1896 MARlJKE Du TOIT 165 "Weweremennursingmen":MaleNursing ontheMinesinTwentieth-CenturySouthAfrica SHULAMARKS 177 Faithful Daughter,MurderingMother: TransgressionandSocialControlinColonialNamibia MEREDITH McKITTRICK WITH FANUEL SHINGENGE 205 GenderandFertilityinaPostcolonial Moment: TheProhibitionofDepo-ProverainZimbabwe1981 AMY KALER 231 Co1:l Soundinglines Self-RepresentationandtheReconstructionofSouthern African Pasts:BessieHead'sABewitchedCrossroad DESIREE LEWIS 267 Gender-BlendingandCode-Switchinginthe SouthAfricanNovel:APostcolonialModel JOHANJACOBS 283 TargetedforChange: CameroonianWomenand MissionaryDesignsinSomeFictionofMongoBeti ELIAS BONGMBA 303 ColonizingtheQueer:SomeProblemsinCuratingSouth Africa'sFirstNationalGayandLesbianArtExhibition JOAN BELLIS 327 Notes oncontributors 353 - Acknowledgements The organizingcommittee whichsetupthe"GenderandColonialism"7conference was a larger affair than the editorial group that has worked on this publication. Enormous work wasdone bySueNewton-KingandDesireeLewis fromthe initial stages through to post-conference discussions. Cheryl-Ann Michael joined these discussions and gave editorial advice. Extra burdens on the organizing committee were carried by Andrew Bank, who ensured the economic viability of the conference, and Hermann Wittenberg,who managed the logistics.Gail Smith from the History Department, as well as Bheki Mngomezulu, assisted with organiza tional details, togetherwith graduate students fromtheEnglish Department. We thank the Centre for Science Development (now the National Research Foundation) in Pretoria for financing the conference guest speakers, Ann Laura Stoler from Michigan and Bience Gawanas from Namibia. Weare grateful to the African Gender Institute of the University of Cape Town for funding Flame director Ingrid Sinclair's presence at the conference, and for providing post graduate bursaries which allowed asmallnumberofgraduate students toattend the conference from different parts ofthe country. Wealso wish to thank the Rector CecilAbrahams and the formerAcademic Vice-Rector Colin Bundyofthe Univer sityofthe WesternCape forsupporting conference functions. Unfortunately, it has not been possible to include inthis publication morethan a small number from the range ofpapers presented at the "Gender and Colonial ism" conference. Weare very grateful to all conference participants who contri buted to the debates that have shaped the editing ofthis book. We particularly acknowledge Shula Marks and Dorothy Driver fortheir concluding remarks atthe conference, and Patricia van der Spuy, Jane Bennett and Amina Mama for later constructive comments on the issues raised.Specificallywith regard to the book's introduction,wethank VivekNarayanan,LizGunner andMarijke DuToitfortheir critical feedback; and we are grateful to Sean Viljoen and Isabel Hofmeyr for the - Vlll DEEP HISTORIES opportunitytoairideasatthe"RelocatingLiteratures" conference atthe University ofthe Witwatersrand inSeptember 1999. Inthe slowprocess ofbringing selectedconference paperstowards inclusion in a publication such as this, we hae been assisted by the cooperation and lively engagement of the contributors to this volume. We are grateful for permission granted by those journals which have published papers (Gender and History for Kirsten Mackenzie, theJournal ofAfrican History forKirsten McKittrick, and the JournalofSouthern AfricanStudiesforAmyKaler)toinclude theminthis volume in revised form, and to those archives and institutions which have permitted us to reproduce photographs. Finally, we thank our publishers for their vision, their interest,andtheir support. - List of Figures View from the Garden of George's Halfway House, by Sir Charles D'Oyly (photographic reprint courtesy of the Cape Archives). 114 2 Interior of Sir John Wylde's house, Hopeville, by Sir Charles D'Oyly(photographicreprintcourtesyoftheCapeArchives). 115 3 Photograph of/Khanako,mounted oncard and withswastikain scribed,inthecollectionofNativeCommissionerHahn(National ArchivesofNamibiaAccession450). 122 4 The bushmen (with Donald Bain in white shirt) march on Parli ament, Cape Town 1937 (Cape Times Collection, National LibraryofSouthAfrica). 126 5 Castof/Khanako'shand,madein1937andstoredintheMatthew Drennan Medical Museum, University of Cape Town. Photo graphedbyPaulGrendon. 128 6 Castof/Khanako'sheadand shoulders,made in 1937andstored in the Matthew Drennan Medical Museum, University of Cape Town.PhotographedbyPaulGrendon. 128 7 Thobaku, wife ofOldAbraham, and /Khanako,daughter ofOld Abraham (photographed by Alfred Martin Duggan-Cronin at Frankenwald,Johannesburg,3January1937). 141 8 Section ofalbum page showing visit to the"Bushman Camp" at the EmpireExhibition,Johannesburg 1936 (photograph byCarol Rijker). 145 9 Original steatopygic photograph oflKhanako (without modifica tions;NationalArchiveofSouthAfrica,Pretoria). 148 - x DEEP HISTORIES Q:i 10 /Khanako as spokesperson during an international broadcast to mark the British coronation, at the broadcasting studio in Cape Town(CapeTimesCollection,NationalLibraryofSouthAfrica). 151 11 Eye toeye:/Khanako addresses DonaldBain withconfidence in CapeTown(photographedbylise Steinhoff,BritishSouthAfrica Annual, December 1937; original caption: "The 'Father' ofthe Bushmen,DonaldBain,withoneofhischarges"). 158 12 StevenCohen,PopeArt(handpaintedphotographic silkscreenon canvas,1995). 349 13 StevenCohen,PopeArt(detail). 350 14 Gordon Froud, A False-Bottomed Suitcase for Robert Mugabe (mixed-mediaassemblage, 1995). 351 15 MarionArnold,RightofWay(oiloncanvas,1995). 352 -
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