Decentralisation and Local Governments For our entire range of books please use search strings "Orient BlackSwan", "Universities Press India" and "Permanent Black" in store. Readings on the Economy, Polity and Society This series is being published as part of a University Grants Commission project to promote teaching and research in the social sciences in India. The project (2010–12) has been jointly executed by the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, and the Economic and Political Weekly. The series is meant to introduce university students and research scholars to important research that has been published in EPW in specific areas. The journal has, over the decades, published a large number of research papers in all the social sciences. The readers draw on this archive of EPW ’s published articles. The titles—in economics, politics, sociology and the environment— reflect EPW ’s strengths as well as the interests of the academic community. Each set of readings is compiled by a senior academic who has also written an introductory essay for the volume. TISS and EPW are grateful to the authors of the articles included here for permission to reprint them. Published Economic Reforms and Growth in India, ed. Pulapre Balakrishnan Environment, Technology and Development: Critical and Subversive Essays, ed. Rohan D’Souza Village Society, ed. Surinder S. Jodhka The Adivasi Question: Issues of Land, Forest and Livelihood, ed. Indra Munshi Women and Work, ed. Padmdmini Swaminathan Higher Education in India: In Search of Equality, Quality and Quantity, ed. Jandhyala B. G. Tilak Forthcoming Caste and Society, ed. Satish Deshpande Decentralisation and Local Governments The Indian Experience Edited by T. R. Raghunandan Orient BlackSwan Private Limited Registered Office 3-6-752 Himayathnagar,Hyderabad 500 029 (Telangana), INDIA e-mail: [email protected] Other Offices Bangalore Bhopal Bhubaneshwar Chandigarh Chennai Ernakulam Guwahati Hyderabad Jaipur Kolkata Lucknow Mumbai New Delhi Patna www.orientblackswan.com © Orient Blackswan Private Limited and Economic and Political Weekly 2012 eISBN 978 81 250 5847 2 e-edition first published in 2015 Published by, Orient Blackswan Private Limited 1/24 Asaf Ali Road New Delhi 110 002 e-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior written permission of the publisher, expect in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law. For permission requests write to the publisher. Contents Introduction 1 Political Role of Panchayati Raj V. M. Sirsikar 2 Decentralisation Below the State Level Need for a New System of Governance Nirmal Mukarji 3 Decentralised Planning An Overview of Experience and Prospects C. H. Hanumantha Rao 4 Panchayati Raj Bill The Real Flaw B. K. Chandrashekar 5 Panchayats versus Multinationals Case of Du Pont Norma Alvares 6 Women in Panchayati Raj Grass Roots Democracy in Malgudi Poornima Vyasulu and Vinod Vyasulu 7 Democracy and Social Capital in Central Himalayas Tale of Two Villages Niraja Gopal Jayal 8 Panchayati Raj The Way Forward Mani Shankar Aiyar 9 Grass Roots Politics and ‘Second Wave of Decentralisation’ in Andhra Pradesh Benjamin Powis 10 Networks of Panchayat Women Civil Society Space for Political Action Amitabh Behar and Yamini Aiyar 11 Poverty Alleviation Efforts of Panchayats in West Bengal Pranab Bardhan and Dilip Mookherjee 12 Experiment with Direct Democracy Time for Reappraisal Amitabh Behar 13 Building Budgets from Below Ahalya S. Bhat, Suman Kolhar, Aarathi Chellappa and H. Anand 14 Impact of Reservation in Panchayati Raj Evidence from a Nationwide Randomised Experiment Raghabendra Chattopadhyay and Esther Duflo 15 Law of Two-Child Norm in Panchayats Implications, Consequences and Experiences Nirmala Buch 16 Federalism, Urban Decentralisation and Citizen Participation Ramesh Ramanathan 17 Fiscal Decentralisation to the Sub-State Level Governments M. A. Oommen 18 Functional Devolution to Rural Local Bodies in Four States Indira Rajaraman and Darshy Sinha 19 Neighbourhood Associations and Local Democracy Delhi Municipal Elections 2007 Stéphanie Tawa Lama-Rewal 20 Expanding the Resource Base of Panchayats Augmenting Own Revenues M. Govinda Rao and U. A. Vasanth Rao 21 Women in Power? Gender, Caste and the Politics of Local Urban Governance Mary E. John 22 Revenue Efforts of Panchayats Evidence from Four States Pratap Ranjan Jena and Manish Gupta 23 Local Democracy and Clientelism Implications for Political Stability in Rural West Bengal Pranab Bardhan, Sandip Mitrtra, Dilip Mookherjee and Abhirup Sarkar 24 Limits of a ‘Devolution Index’ M. A. Oommen 25 Beyond Feminine Public Altruism Women Leaders in Kerala’s Urban Bodies J. Devika and Binitha V. Thampmpi