De retardatione accidentium senectutis cum aliis opusculis de rebus medicinalibus

269 Pages·1928·4.902 MB·Latin, English

by  Roger Bacon (auth), A. G. Little, E. Withington (ed.)

Opera hactenus inedita Rogeri Baconi
Fasc. IX
DE RETARDATIONE
ACCIDENTIUM SENECTUTIS
CUM ALIIS OPUSCULIS DE
REBUS MEDICINALIBUS
NUNC PRIMUM
EDIDERUNT
A. G. LITTLE
E. WITH INGTON
OXONII
E TYPOGRAPHEO CLARENDONIANO
M CM XXVIII
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
LONDON: AMEN HOUSE, E.C. 4
EDINBURGH GLASGOW LEIPZIG
COPENHAGEN NEW YORK TORONTO
MELBOURNE CAPETOWN BOMBAY
CALCUTTA MADRAS SHANGHAI
HUMPHREY MILFORD
PUBLISHER TO THE
UNIVERSITY
Printed in Great Britain
f'
PREFACE
Mr. A. G. Little is responsible for the text and
textual notes and for Part I of the Introduction.
Mr. E. Withington is responsible for Part II of the
Introduction, the notes to the medical treatises, and
for the glossary of drugs. The editors desire to
thank Mr. Robert Steele for frequent assistance and
advice, and the readers of the Clarendon Press for
their skill and care in straightening out a very com­
plicated ‘copy \
a 2
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION. PART I :
i. The edition of 1 5 9 0 .............................................................................vii
ii. Manuscripts collated for the present edition . . . . viii
iii. Manuscripts not c o lla te d ..................................................................xvi
iv. Relations of the manuscripts...............................................................xviii
v. Authenticity of the treatises here printed . . . . xxi
vi. Origin of the various tre a tise s......................................................xxiii
vii. Notes on the methods adopted in this edition . . .xxviii
viii. A p p e n d ix ..............................................................................................xxix
INTRODUCTION. PART II:
Characteristics.............................................................................................xxxii
Authorities .....................................................................................................xxxiii
System . . . . . . . . . . xxxiv
Occult R e m e d ie s.................................................................................xxxix
Estim ate.........................................................................................................xlii
LIBER (EPISTOLA) DE RETARDATIONE ACCIDENTIUM
SENECTUTIS...................................................................................................1
SUMMARIA EXPOSITIO EPISTOLE PREDICTE . . 84
DE VNIUERSALI REGIMINE SENUM ET SENIORUM . 90
DE BALNEIS SENUM ET SENIORUM ...............................................96
DE COMPOSITIONE QUARUNDAM MEDICINARUM . 98
ANTIDOTARIUS................................................................................................103
LIBER (SERMO) DE CONSERUATIONE IUUENTUTIS . 120
DE GRADUATIONE M ED ICIN A R U M .............................................144
DE ERRORIBUS M E D IC O R U M .......................................................150
APPENDIX:
i. Extract from Liber sex scientiarum .............................................181
ii. De diebus criticis......................................................................................186
Fig. 2. Tabula docens in quo signo est luna . .T o face p. 199
iii. De diebus criticis . . . . . . . . 200
N O T E S ...................................................................................................................209
GLOSSARY OF D R U G S ...........................................................................218

Vf
INTRODUCTION
PART I
i. The edition of iygo.—ii. MSS. collated for the present edition.—
iii. MSS. not collated in this edition.—iv. Relations of the manu­
scripts.—v. Authenticity of the treatises here printed.—vi. Origin of the
various treatises.—vii. Notes on the methods adopted in this edition.—
viii. Appendix.
i. The Edition of 1590.
An edition of part of the contents of this volume was published at
Oxford in 1590 under the title: Libellus Rogerii Baconi Angli,
Doctissimi Mathematici et medici, De retardandis senectutis accidentibus
et de sensibus conservandis [with another treatise] affixis ad marginem
notulis illustratus et emendatus . .. opera Johannis Williams Oxoniensis
. . . Oxoniae. Ex Officina Typographica Iosephi Barnesii Anno
Dom. 1590.
After a dedication to Sir Christopher Hatton, Chancellor of the
University, John Williams explains his method in an address ‘ad
lectorem ’:
Cum ante quadriennium in quaedam mathematica et medica Rogerij
Baconi Angli doctissimi opuscula Cambriae incidissem, ea avide per­
volvi, placuerunt: cum alijs exemplaribus quaedam contuli, convenerunt:
doctis quibusdam Academicis ostendi, suaserunt vt mea opera excu­
derentur. Inter reliqua, hunc de retardanda senectute libellum (eius
Perspectiva annuente Deo, commentariolo illustraturus) selegi, nonnulla
exemplaria hinc inde coacervavi; in omnibus idem fuit sensus, quamvis
non idem penitus sermo. Illud exemplar magis placuit, in quo minor
fuit cum alijs quibusdam eius operibus in lucem aeditis styli dissimili­
tudo. Quaedam ociosae repetitiones et soloecismi irrepserunt, expunxi;
plurima antiquorum testimonia passim spargebantur, pleraque ad mar­
ginem affixi: de sensu nihil abstuli, nihil addidi: paucissima in dictione,
eaque quae nec philosophia, nec tanto philosopho digna videbantur,
mutavi.
He divides the treatise into sixteen chapters, and gives the sense
of the original with fidelity. In thirty-one closely printed pages he
gives the substance of what is contained in pp. 1-80 and 87-99 of
the present edition. Parts are very freely abbreviated. Thus pp.
Vlll
71-80 of this edition are summarized by John Williams in less than
a page (p. 27) and pp. 87-99 of this edition are compressed by him
into some four pages.
It was Williams’s edition which was translated by Richard Browne
under the title The Cure of Old Age and Preservation of Youth by
Roger Bacon a Franciscan Frier, London, 1683.
Some forty years before Williams published his edition, Michael
‘ Securis ’ or Hatchett, M.D., of Salisbury, prepared a paraphrase with
commentary of Bacon’s De retardatione Senectutis, at the request of
his friend Thomas Candel (who wrote to him from Windsor Castle
in 1547). The work exists in manuscript in MS. Digby 202 with
other medical treatises compiled by Dr. Michael Hatchett.
ii. Manuscripts collated for the present Edition.
The following signs are used :
Ad — Brit. Museum MS. Add. 27582.
B — Bodley 438 (2379).
Can = Bodl. Canonic. Miscell. 334.
Ch = Manchester, Chetham Hospital MS. A. 5. 24.
D = Bodl. Digby 183.
E — Bodl. E Musaeo 155 (3705).
M = Milan Ambrosiana I 210 inf.
O — Bodley 211 (2927).
P = Paris Bibl. Nat. lat. 6978.
S = Bodl. Arch. Seld. B 35 (3349).
SI = Brit. Mus. Sloane 2320.
V= Vatican lat. 4091.
Ad.
Brit. Mus. Additional 27582. In Latin and English ; on parchment
and paper ; printed and manuscript; late fifteenth century; 292 x 216
mm.; 267 leaves.
On f. 2 : * Hunc librum do et lego domino Arnulpho ap Rice
suppriori sancti Johannis Exoniae ad orandum pro anima mea vide­
licet Ricardi Smyzth a.d. 1523.’
A miscellaneous collection of twelve medical treatises. The only
one which concerns us is No. 11 :
‘Incipit liber de conseruacione Juuentutis’ (‘alberti colon” in
another hand).
IX
ff. 259-265. Inc. ‘ Intendo componere sermonem ’ (see pp. 120­
138 below).
B.
Bodleian Library: Bodley 438 (= 2379). On parchment; written
early in the fifteenth century in England ; 280 X 215 mm.; 31 leaves,
in double columns; with illuminated capitals, etc.
Medical works by Roger Bacon.
1 (f. 1). ‘ Incipit liber quem composuit frater Rogerus Bacun de
ordine Minorum de Retardacione accidencium senectutis et senij et
conseruacione quinque sensuum et caloris naturalis augmentacione__’
Prol. inc. ‘ Domine mundi \ Text> ‘ Mundo senescente ’.
2 (f. i2v). ‘De vniuersali regimine senum et seniorum’: and ‘De
balneis senum et seniorum here anonymous.
3 (f. 14). ‘ De composicione quarundam medicinarum, in speciali
que iuuant sensum, id est ymaginacionem, racionem et memoriam ’.
Inc. ‘ Incipiamus in nomine Domini ’: anonymous.
4 (f. i4v). ‘Incipit primum capitulum Antitodarii (sic) quem fecit
Rogerus Bacun.’ Inc. ‘ Post completum. . . .’
5 (f. i7v). The treatise ‘ De conseruatione juuentutis ’ or ‘ Sermo rei
admirabilis ’, here without title and anonymous. Inc. ‘ Intendo com­
ponere sermonem ’.
6 (f. 2 iv). ‘ Incipit quidam tractatus perutilis ex edicione siue
composicione fratris Roggeri Bacun ordinis fratrum Minorum de
Graduacione medicinarum compositarum.’ Inc. ‘Omnis forma in-
herens ’.
7 (f. 2 2v). ‘ De erroribus medicorum secundum fratrem Roggerum
Bacun de ordine Minorum’. Inc. ‘ Vulgus medicorum non cognoscit’.
8 (f. 28). An extract from the Compendium philosophiae (?).
Inc. ‘ Frater Rogerus Bacun in libro Sex Sciendarum in tertio gradu
sapiencie ’. The extract inc. ‘ In debito regimine ’. Expl. ‘ in hoc
mundo, etc.’
9 (f. 2 9v). ‘Item alius tractatus eiusdem fratris Rogeri Bacun ex­
tractus de sexta parte compendii studii theologie ... et extrahitur de
capitulo quod intitulatur de sciencia experimentali. . . .’ Inc. ‘ Cor­
pora vero Ade et Eue ’. Expl. ‘ et alibi multis modis \
Can.
Bodleian Library: Can. Misc. 334. On parchment; written in the
fifteenth century in Italy; 202 x 147 mm.; 128 leaves.
X
Medical works of Roger Bacon and others.
1 (f. i). ‘De conseruacione sanitatis et iuuentutis . . . liber
Rogerii de Bacono ’. Inc. prol. ‘ Domine mundi qui ex nobilissima
stirpe
2 (f. i8v). ‘ Summa regiminis senum ’, and ‘ De balneis senum et
seniorum ’.
3 (f. 20). ‘De composicione quarundam medicinarum ’ [etc.]. Inc.
‘ Incipiamus in nomine domini excelsi ’.
4 (f. 2iv). ‘Incipit Antidotarius quod fecit rogerus bacun.’ Inc.
‘ Post completum
5 (f. 25). The treatise ‘ De conseruatione iuuentutis ’ or ‘Sermo rei
admirabilis ’, without title and anonymous. Inc. ‘ Intendo componere
sermonem ’.
6 (f. 3iv). ‘Incipit quidam tractatus principalis ex edicione siue
composicione fratris rogerii Bacun ordinis fratrum minorum de gra-
duacione medicinarum compositarum’ [etc.]. Inc. (f. 32r). ‘Omnis
forma inherens ’.
7 33v)* ‘Incipit exposicio siue declaracio predicti tractatus
secundum vnum alium magistrum sapientem in mathematicis, etc.’
Inc. ‘ Exposicio capituli de gradibus ut uera cognicio ’.
8 (f. 42). ‘ Incipit tractatus de erroribus medicorum secundum
fratrem Rogerium bacun. de ordine minorum.’ Inc. ‘Vulgus medi­
corum ’.
9 (f. 49v). ‘ Dicta fratris Rogerii bacon In libro sex scienciarum in
30 gradu sapiencie ’ [etc.]. Inc. ‘ In debito regimine corporis ’.
10 (f. 53). ‘Alius tractatus eiusdem fratris rogerii extractus de
sexta parte compendii studii theologie de uerbo ad uerbum, quem
librum fecit ad instanciam pape clementis ’ [etc.]. Inc. ‘ Corpora
uero adde et eue ’.
11 (f. 57v). Arnaldi de Villa Nova ad magistrum Jacobum de
Toleto epistola de maximo secreto medicinae ‘ extracte ex minera
nobilis animalis videlicet ex S.H.O.’. Inc. ‘ Magister Jacobe, amice
carissime, dudum me rogastis ’.
12 (f. 59v). ‘Liber quinte essentie secundum fratrem Rogerium
Bacun de ordine minorum ’. Inc. ‘ Dixit Salomon ’.
13 95)- Expositio Arithmomachiae. Inc. ‘Pro aliquali intro­
ductione in ludum philosophorum ’.
14 (f. i28v). Tractatus astronomicus cui titulus Lux mundi in
astronomia, auctore Josepho Nachmiasch : Hebraice.
XI
Ch.
Chetham Hospital, Manchester: A. 5. 24. On parchment; written
late in fifteenth century in England ; 224 x 168 mm.; 82 leaves.
Medical works by Roger Bacon—as in B.
D.
Bodleian Library: Digby 183. On parchment; written late in the
fourteenth century in England; 54 leaves.
1 (f. 1). [Alberti Magni] Tractatus de mineralibus.
2 (f. 38). Alkindus de radiis stellarum.
3 (f. 45). ‘ Liber Bacon de sermone rei admirabilis ’.
Inc. ‘ Intendo componere sermonem rei admirabilis ’.
Desinit in verbis. ‘ Et cum simulatur calori naturali sane . . .’
(p. 142, 1. 3 below).
4 Extracts apparently from Roger Bacon’s ‘Communia Naturalium’
—imperfect at beginning and end.
E.
Bodleian Library: e Musaeo 155 (3705). On parchment; written
early in the fifteenth century at Oxford by John ‘ Cokkes ’;1 230 x 153
mm.; iv+704 pp.; with illuminated border (p. 591), capitals, etc.;
binding, white leather on boards, with sheepskin cover ; contemporary
English work.
Scientific treatises, by or attributed to Roger Bacon : 1 (p. 1). The
Opus Tertium, in 75 chapters : beg. ‘Sanctissimo patri domino domino
Clementa ’: a leaf is lost after p. 2 : at end is ‘ Explicit quod Cokkes ’.
2 (p. 185). The fourth part of the Opus Majus, on the usefulness
of Mathematics, with diagrams: the only title is ‘ Pars quarta, in
qua ostenditur potestas Mathematici ’ . . .: beg. ‘ Manifesto quod
multe preclare radices ’: ends with the geographical part at ‘ requirat
principalem scripturam ’: there is a calendarial table at p. 2 76b. The
1 John Cokkes appears to have been a medical writer and teacher as well as
a scribe. MS. 16 at King’s College, Cambridge, fifteenth century, contains (1)
a kind of Thesaurus Medicus in alphabetical order; (2) in the same hand a
treatise on medicine in which occur the words : 1 Quia ego Johannes Cokkis
caritate non ficta primi alimenti copiam alumpnis offero archana mei pectoris
domesticis perfero digitis’. The volume belonged in 1574 to Simon Forman,
who made at the end a list of the authors cited by Cokkis in (2). Cf. also
Ashmole MSS. 1432 and 1475 for recipes, etc., by John Kokkes or Cokkes. It
seems probable that the ‘Cockes’ to whom Simon Forman referred as one of
his two medical authorities was not Francis Coxe (as the D.N.B. suggests) but
this earlier John Cokkes. (He appears to be different from the John Cockys
of Alcester who copied several philosophical treatises in MS. Royal 12 B xix—
a MS of the late fifteenth century.)