Dazzled and Deceived: Mimicry and Camouflage

310 Pages·2011·6.26 MB·English

by  Peter Forbes

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DAZZLED AND DECEIVED
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36R
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also by Peter Forbes
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The Gecko’s Foot: How Scientists are Taking a Leaf from Nature’s Book
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DAZZLED AND DECEIVED
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MIMICRY AND CAMOUFLAGE 7
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PETER FORBES 10
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YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS 5
NEW HAVEN AND LONDON 36R
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Copyright © 2009 Peter Forbes
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7 The right of Peter Forbes to be identified as the author of this Work has been asserted by him.
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All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced in whole or in part, in any form (beyond
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that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by
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For information about this and other Yale University Press publications, please contact:
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U.S. Office: [email protected] www.yalebooks.com
3 Europe Office: [email protected] www.yaleup.co.uk
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Set in Arno Pro by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd
5 Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
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8 Forbes, Peter, 1947–
9 Dazzled and deceived: mimicry and camouflage / Peter Forbes.
p. cm.
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
1 ISBN 978-0-300-12539-9 (alk. paper)
1. Mimicry (Biology) 2. Camouflage (Biology) I. Title.
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QH546.F662009
3 578.4′7–dc22
4 2009023577
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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36R 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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For Diana
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CONTENTS
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List of Illustrations ix
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Acknowledgements xii
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Prologue 1
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CHAPTER1 Darwinians, mockers and mimics 6
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CHAPTER2 Swallowtails and Amazon 31
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CHAPTER3 Delight in deception 43
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CHAPTER4 Pangenesis 57
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CHAPTER5 On the wings of angels 71
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CHAPTER6 Dazzle in the dock: The First World War 85
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CHAPTER7 Camouflage and cubism in the First World War 101
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CHAPTER8 Hopeful monsters? 113
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CHAPTER9 The natural history of the visual pun 127
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CHAPTER10 Cannibals and Sunshields 138
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CHAPTER11 Dazzle (revisited) to D-Day 170
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CHAPTER12 From butterflies to babies and back 182
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CHAPTER13 The aromas of mimicry 197
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CHAPTER14 The tinkerer’s palette 207
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CHAPTER15 The Heliconiusvariations 221
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CHAPTER16 A shifting spectrum 235
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Epilogue 250
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Notes 256
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Bibliography 273
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Index 277
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ILLUSTRATIONS
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Plates
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1 Plate from Henry Walter Bates’s ‘Contributions to an insect 3
fauna of the Amazon Valley. Lepidoptera: Heliconidae’, 4
Transactions of the Linnean Society, 1862, 23, pp. 495–566. 5
2 Heliconius melpomeneand passion flower. Author’s photograph.
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3 Rainforest. Photo courtesy of Hartwig Dell’mour; Bates,
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Wallace and Darwin portraits in public domain.
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4 Orchid mantis. Photo © Daniel Heuclin/NHPA/Photoshot.
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5 Papilio troiluscaterpillar. Photo courtesy of Thomas Eisner,
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Cornell University.
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6 Swallowtail butterflies. Photo © Natural History Museum,
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London.
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7 Bird-dropping spider. Photo courtesy of Neil Hewett.
8 Gunboat HMS Kildangan, 1918. Imperial War Museum, 4
London. 5
9 Abbott H. Thayer, Peacock in the Woods, study for book 6
Concealing Coloration in the Animal Kingdom, 1907. © 2004. 7
Photo Smithsonian American Art Museum/Art Resource/Scala, 8
Florence. 9
10 André Mare, Le Canon de 280 camouflé. Fonds André Mare/
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Archives IMEC.
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11 Pablo Picasso, Woman with Pears (Fernande), 1909. Florene M.
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Schoenborn Bequest. 827.1996. By permission of DACS. Digital
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Image © (2003) The Museum of Modern Art, New York/Scala,
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Florence.
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12 Mantis Pseudocreobotra wahlbergii. Photo courtesy of Malcolm
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Edmunds.