David Hume: A Treatise of Human Nature: Volume 1: Texts PDF
Preview David Hume: A Treatise of Human Nature: Volume 1: Texts
THE CLARENDON EDITION OF THE WORKS OF DAVID HUME A Treatise of Human Nature An Abstract of...A Treatise ofHuman Nature A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh THE CLARENDON EDITION OF THE WORKS OF DAVID HUME General Editors ofthe Philosophical Works Tom L. Beauchamp David Fate Norton M. A. Stewart DAVID HUME A Treatise of Human Nature A CRITICAL EDITION EDITED BY DAVID FATE NORTON MARY J. NORTON Volume 1: Texts CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD ● 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OXDP Oxford University Press is a department ofthe University ofOxford. It furthers the University’s objective ofexcellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark ofOxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Oxford University Press 2007 Historical Account and other editorial material © David Fate Norton and Mary J. Norton 2007 The moral rights ofthe authors have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2007 Royalties from this edition support the McGill David Hume Collection Research Grant. All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing ofOxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope ofthe above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library ofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain on acid-free paper by Biddles Ltd., King’s Lynn, Norfolk Volume 1 ISBN 978–0–19–926383–7 Set ISBN 978–0–19–926385–1 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Preface A Treatise ofHuman Nature, David Hume’s earliest and most comprehensive philosophical work, was first published, anonymously, in January 1739 (Volume 1 and Volume 2) and late October 1740 (Volume 3). The first volume included a brief Advertisement, an Introduction, and Book 1, ‘Of the Understanding’; the second volume contained Book 2, ‘Ofthe Passions’; the third volume included a second brief Advertisement, Book 3, ‘Of Morals’, and an Appendix, ‘Wherein some Passages of the foregoing Volumes are illustrated and explain’d’. Between these two instalments of the Treatise, Hume published, in March 1740, a pamphlet, An Abstract of a Book lately Published; Entituled, A Treatise of Human Nature, a work he hoped would make the Treatise more readily understood. In 1745, when the Treatise was under attack from certain Church of Scotland ministers who wished to prevent Hume from becoming Professor of Moral Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh, Hume wrote a letter defending it. His friend Henry Home (later Lord Kames) combined this letter with the statement of charges made against the Treatise, and published both items underthe title A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh. None ofthese works was republished in Hume’s lifetime. Critical texts of the Treatise, the Abstract, and the Letter make up this volume. The accompanying second volume begins with a ‘Historical Account’ of the Treatise, an account that runs from the beginnings of the work to the period immediately following Hume’s death in 1776. The second volume also includes ‘Editing the Texts’, a discussion ofour editorial procedures and policies and a record of the differences between the first-edition text of the Treatise and the critical text; an extensive set of ‘Editors’ Annotations’ intended to illuminate, but not interpret, Hume’s texts; a four-part bibliog- raphy of materials cited in both volumes; and indexes. v Acknowledgements In the nearly twenty years since we began working on the several parts ofthis critical edition ofHume’s Treatise, we have had the assistance and support of many individuals and several institutions. We acknowledge the value of this help in the preparation of the volumes that follow, and offer our warm and sincere thanks to all who have given it to us. First, we wish to mention Tom Beauchamp and M. A. Stewart. As friends, colleagues, and General Editors of the Clarendon Edition of the Works of David Hume, each has read and reread earlier drafts of much of what follows in Volume 2, and provided indispensable assistance, criticism, encouragement, and information. We are especially indebted to Prof. Stewart for guidance regarding the text and context of the Letter from a Gentleman. We have also received assistance and advice from many other members of what Hume called the ‘Republic of Letters’. Louis Loeb, Isabel Rivers, and John Stephens served as readers for the Press and provided us with many valuable comments and suggestions. Donald Baxter, Phillip Cummins, Deborah Danowski, Roland Hall, and F. L. van Holthoon have corresponded with us about textual matters. Randall McLeod showed us how to use his visual collator to identify textual variants. Lady Mary Hyde allowed us to collate the copy of the Treatisepresented by Hume to Alexander Pope. The Earl and Countess of Rosebery made archival research a memorable occa- sion. Michael Crump took David Norton behind the scenes of ESTC in its early days, thus enabling him, with further help from James Mosley of the StBride Library, to identify the printer of the three volumes of the Treatise. David Raynor commented on an early draft of the ‘Historical Account’, while Manfred Kuehn and Dario Perinetti generously assisted with parts of that account. Others who have advised us on matters discussed in the ‘Historical Account’ include Lawrence Bongie, Roger Emerson, James Fieser, Heiner Klemme, Bruno Lagarrigue, Michel Malherbe, Richard Sher, Piet Steenbakkers and John Wright. Those who have given us help with the editorial annotations include Michael Barfoot, Mark Box, Alexander Broadie, Lorraine Daston, George di Giovanni, Roger Emerson, Lorne Falkenstein, James Franklin, Knud Haakonssen, Thomas Holden, Alison Laywine, Thomas Lennon, Stephen Menn, Eric Schliesser, Graham Solomon, and Paul Wood. Michael Silverthorne has provided both guidance about things classical and translations of the Latin texts quoted by Hume. Research assistance has vi Acknowledgements been provided by Michael Anderson, Christopher Hillyard, Jane Roscoe, and Daniella Shippey, while Salim Hirji, Angela Norton, and Roger Norton have kept our computers in good order. Norman Swartz helped us take maximum advantage ofthe software used in preparing the indexes to these volumes. We are also grateful for the assistance or encouragement of many others, including George Allen, Herb Bailey, Nicolas Barker, Hans Boediker, O. M. Brack, Jack Davidson, Francis Dauer, George Davie, Rolf George, Anil Gupta, Moheba Hanif, Raymond Klibansky, Gertrud Jaron Lewis, Peter Lamarque, Emilio Mazza, Jane McIntyre, João Paulo Monteiro, Robin Myers, David Owen, Terence Penelhum, Ewan David Ross-Hume, Andrea Rotundo, Tatsyua Sakamoto, Ryu Susuato, Sandy Thatcher, Saul Traiger, James Tully, Ken Winkler, D.C.Yalden-Thomson, and James Young. Still other acknow- ledgements are found in our notes and in the editorial annotations. If we have inadvertently omitted anyone to whom thanks are due, we offer our apologies. This project could not have been carried out without the continuing assistance and co-operation ofmany libraries and librarians. We are fortunateto have been able to draw on the extensive resources ofthe David Hume Collection of the Rare Books and Special Collections Division of the McGill University Libraries. We thank Elizabeth Lewis, Bruce Whiteman, and Richard Virr, past and present overseers of that Collection, for their help. We are especially indebted to Brian Hillyard, Iain Brown, Patrick Cadell, and Ian Cunningham of the National Library of Scotland; to Richard Landon of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto; to Elliot Shore, former librarian at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton; to Bridget Molloy and Ross Scimeca of the Hoose Philosophy Library, University of Southern California. We also wish to thank the special collections librarians of the Firestone Library, Princeton University; the University of Edinburgh Library; the Edinburgh Central Library; the Signet Library, Edinburgh; the Aberdeen University Library; the Glasgow University Library; the Bodleian Library, Oxford University; the Pembroke College Library; the British Library; the Cambridge University Library; Dr William’s Library; and the Australian National University. We are also indebted to the staffs of the Royal Society of Edinburgh; the Scottish National Archives; the Huntington Library; and the William Andrews Clark Library, University of California, Los Angeles. Still other librarians we wish to thank include Peter Jones (King’s College, Cambridge), Kendall Wallis (McGill) and Charles Benson (Trinity College, Dublin), and those dozens who responded to our enquiries in search of the copies ofVolumes 1 and 2 ofthe Treatisecontaining ‘a Vast ofCorrections and Additions in thehandwriting of the Author’. In recent years we have benefited from the assistance ofthe helpful staffofthe University ofVictoria Library. vii Acknowledgements Institutional support for our work began with the Department ofPhilosophy and the Faculty of Arts, McGill University, and the former Dean of that Faculty, Michael Maxwell. Sabbatical leaves, combined on one occasion with a Killam Research Fellowship from The Canada Council for the Arts, enabled David Norton to concentrate on the project for relatively lengthy periods. The McGill Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, and the American Council of Learned Societies provided further financial assistance to David Norton, as did the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton. We are grateful to Morton White for his part in making possible a fruitful academic year at the Institute. A year at the Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, University of Edinburgh, and a term at the History of Ideas Unit, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, were equally valuable. We are grateful to Peter Jones and Knud Haakonnsen for helping to make these two opportunities possible. Interested staff at the Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary, University of Waterloo, generously helped us take advantage of their resources. We note that Angela Blackburn was instrumental in steering the critical edition of Hume to the Clarendon Press, where we have been encouraged and guided by Tim Barton, Peter Momtchiloff, and Rupert Cousens. Jenni Craig has patiently smoothed the process of production. Jean van Altena has provided thoughtful copy-editing, and Andrew Hawkey, meticu- lous proof reading. We are pleased to have had this opportunity to work with these and other individuals at the Clarendon Press. D F N MJ. N December 2006 Victoria, British Columbia viii Contents VOLUME 1 A Note on the Texts xi Contents of A Treatise ofHuman Nature xiv A Treatise ofHuman Nature 1 An Abstract of...A Treatise ofHuman Nature 403 A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh 419 VOLUME 2 Abbreviations and Conventions viii Historical Account of A Treatise ofHuman Naturefrom its Beginnings to the Time of Hume’s Death 433 Editing the Texts of the Treatise, the Abstract, and the Letter from a Gentleman 589 Editorial Appendix 1: Reproductions 663 Editorial Appendix 2: The Appendix to Volume 3 674 Editors’ Annotations 685 Bibliography 980 Index 1: Historical Account and Editing the Texts 1035 Index 2: Hume’s Texts and Editors’ Annotations 1063 ix
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