ALSO BY GARY LACHMAN Lost Knowledge of the Imagination Beyond the Robot The Secret Teachers of the Western World Revolutionaries of the Soul: Reflections on Magicians, Philosophers, and Occultists Aleister Crowley: Magick, Rock and Roll, and the Wickedest Man in the World The Caretakers of the Cosmos: Living Responsibly in an Unfinished World Madame Blavatsky: The Mother of Modern Spirituality The Quest for Hermes Trismegistus: From Ancient Egypt to the Modern World Swedenborg: An Introduction to His Life and Ideas Jung the Mystic: The Esoteric Dimensions of Carl Jung’s Life and Teachings The Dedalus Book of Literary Suicides: Dead Letters Politics and the Occult: The Left, the Right, and the Radically Unseen Rudolf Steiner: An Introduction to His Life and Work The Dedalus Occult Reader: The Garden of Hermetic Dreams (ed.) A Dark Muse: A History of the Occult In Search of P. D. Ouspensky: The Genius in the Shadow of Gurdjieff A Secret History of Consciousness Turn Off Your Mind: The Mystic Sixties and the Dark Side of the Age of Aquarius Two Essays on Colin Wilson AS GARY VALENTINE: New York Rocker: My Life in the Blank Generation with Blondie, Iggy Pop, and Others, 1974–1981 An imprint of Penguin Random House LLC 375 Hudson Street New York, New York 10014 Copyright © 2018 by Gary Lachman Penguin supports copyright. Copyright fuels creativity, encourages diverse voices, promotes free speech, and creates a vibrant culture. Thank you for buying an authorized edition of this book and for complying with copyright laws by not reproducing, scanning, or distributing any part of it in any form without permission. You are supporting writers and allowing Penguin to continue to publish books for every reader. TarcherPerigee with tp colophon is a registered trademark of Penguin Random House LLC. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Lachman, Gary, 1955– author. Title: Dark star rising : magick and power in the age of Trump / by Gary Lachman. Description: New York : TarcherPerigee, 2018. | “A TarcherPerigee book.” | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017048171 (print) | LCCN 2017059541 (ebook) | ISBN 9780525503804 | ISBN 9780143132066 Subjects: LCSH: Occultism—United States—History—21st century. | Magic—United States—History—21st century. | Political culture—United States. | White nationalism— United States—History—21st century. | Right-wing extremists—United States—History— 21st century. | United States—Politics and government—2017–| Trump, Donald, 1946– Classification: LCC BF1434.U6 (ebook) | LCC BF1434.U6 L33 2018 (print) | DDC 130.973—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017048171 Cover design: Gregg Kulick Cover image: Pool Pool Getty Images Version_1 To the Seekers of Truth: The systematic use of imagination . . . will be requisite in the future, not only for the increase of knowledge, but also for saving the appearances from chaos and inanity. —O B WEN ARFIELD Contents Also by Gary Lachman Title Page Copyright Epigraph Introduction: New World Disorder CHAPTER ONE: “I’m a Winner” CHAPTER TWO: Positive Chaos CHAPTER THREE: Gurus and Demagogues CHAPTER FOUR: Alt-Right Now CHAPTER FIVE: It’s Tradition CHAPTER SIX: A War of All Against All CHAPTER SEVEN: The Politics of Chaos Afterword Acknowledgments Notes Index About the Author Introduction New World Disorder S OME YEARS AGO I wrote a book that looked at the influence of certain “occult” or “esoteric” ideas on politics in the modern world. Occult means “hidden” and esoteric means “inner,” and in general both refer to aspects of reality that in some way exceed our standard, rational, scientific way of looking at things, what we can loosely call the “magical.” While mainstream science generally wants to debunk such notions, declaring them superstitious and absurd, they persist, and as I have tried to show in other books, they have formed a kind of countertradition of “rejected knowledge” that has informed Western culture and its history practically since they began.1 One aim of my book Politics and the Occult was to show that while the popular view, promoted by writers like Umberto Eco, is that any kind of “occult politics” was distinctly on the right side of the political spectrum, this was not really the case.2 I argued that, on the contrary, there was a “progressive” occult politics too, whose influence on history could be found if we looked for it. It could be found, for example, in people and movements like the Rosicrucians of seventeenth-century Germany and the influence the Theosophists Helena Petrovna Blavatsky and Annie Besant had on India gaining independence from the British Raj. Blavatsky is a good example of the bad reputation the occult has when it comes to politics. As author of the esoteric classic The Secret Doctrine, an immense occult history of mankind and the universe, she is often tagged as the source for the theories that, through their misappropriation by Aryan supremacist thinkers, fed the odious racial ideas of National Socialism. What is less often pointed out is that one of the most important influences on Mahatma Gandhi was his meeting with Blavatsky not long before her death and his introduction to the Hindu spiritual scripture the Bhagavad Gita by some Theosophist friends. As I show in my book about Blavatsky, the Gita became the most important book in Gandhi’s life and until his death he was thankful to Theosophy for his introduction to it. Even on the very day he was assassinated he wrote approvingly of Theosophy in his journal Harijan.3 This alone should suggest that a view of occult politics that places it solely on the right is inaccurate. I still believe this is the case, and that a view of the occult that automatically links it to the political right wing is inadequate, presenting only half the picture. But this book will be different. Unlike Politics and the Occult it will focus on the link between the occult and far-right politics, not in the past but in the present, that is, today. Why is such a book needed, when I have gone out of my way to argue that occult politics should not be immediately shunted over to the far-right side of the political spectrum? Because in recent times it seems that the occult has entered politics again, and by most accounts it has not been invited in by the left. Why do I say this? The pages that follow will, with any luck, present the evidence for what seems to be a new incursion of far-right occultism into the contemporary political landscape. But perhaps the best way to introduce this development is by explaining how I first came across it. It came, as most things do these days, through social media. • • • ON FACEBOOK ONE afternoon, I came across something that Harvey Bishop, the New Thought blogger, had posted. New Thought, as readers may know, is a generic name for a variety of different beliefs, philosophies, and practices that have as their central theme the idea that the mind can influence reality directly, that through mental effort alone we can “make things happen.” Starting in its present form in the early twentieth century, it has had many revivals and is by now in some version a mainstay of New Age and spiritual belief. Some readers may be aware of New Thought through Rhonda Byrne’s The Secret, a bestselling book and film of some years back. As Mental Science, Science of Mind, and other names, New Thought teaches methods of visualization and creative imagination, through which one can envision a future reality and make it come true. Imagined with enough will, persistence, and commitment, the envisioned future will, it affirms, come about. Bishop and other New Thought practitioners emphasize the positive aspects of New Thought and its links to spirituality. Indeed, one of its most popular claims is that through the “power of positive thinking”—the title of an immensely successful book about New Thought—one can achieve one’s aims, accomplish one’s goals, and in general secure a good and fulfilled life. But Bishop’s post was not about this. It concerned something much darker. One of the most disturbing aftereffects of billionaire Donald Trump’s victory in the November 2016 United States presidential contest occurred at the annual meeting of the National Policy Institute, held in the Ronald Reagan Building, not far from the White House, shortly after the election. “National Policy Institute” seems an innocuous name for what many believe is a white nationalist organization.4 Trump’s ascendancy has been seen by the far right—in the United States and also in Europe—as a sign that liberal dominance was over and that it was their turn in power. During Trump’s campaign a loosely connected new far- right movement emerged on the internet, christened by the National Policy Institute’s leader, Richard Spencer, as the “alternative right,” or “alt-right,” to differentiate it from its unsophisticated predecessors. Delighted by Trump’s victory, Spencer greeted the NPI meeting with a chilling cheer, which was received with an even more ominous response. As Spencer declaimed, “Hail Trump, hail our people, hail our victory!” the crowd responded with enthusiastic applause and not a few Hitler salutes—or, as Spencer later explained, Roman ones.5 What is more disturbing is that Spencer and his followers took credit for Trump’s victory. He called it “a victory of the will,” and declared, “We willed Donald Trump into office, we made this dream our reality.”6 As Bishop pointed out, making dreams a reality is a central aim of New Thought. It takes an ardent wish and, through the power of willed intention, materializes it. In his post Bishop expressed concern that Spencer and his followers may have taken a leaf from New Thought’s book and turned the power of positive thinking to something that Bishop, and many others, did not consider very positive. • • • EXACTLY HOW SPENCER and the alt-right “dreamed” Trump into office—if indeed they did—will be examined further on. Here I can say that it seems to have involved what is known as “meme magic.” Meme is a term that comes from the biologist Richard Dawkins, of “selfish gene” fame, who argued that memes serve the same function in culture as genes do in organisms. Memes are ideas, behaviors, styles, images, symbols, slogans, or any other cultural development that can be transmitted to and imitated by others. Memes are flexible and are influenced by their transmission, rather like a game of “Chinese whispers” or “telephone,” in which a message gets distorted as it is whispered from one person to another, and in the end winds up very different from how it began. When Dawkins first coined the term back in 1989, the main media for the dispersal of memes were books, art, music, television, and films—old-school stuff. Today they spread through the internet, rather like the similarly biologically rooted idea of “computer viruses.” The “magic” end of meme magic comes from its link to what is known as “chaos magick.” What chaos magick is—it adopts the spelling favored by Aleister Crowley, the most famous magician of the twentieth century—will be explained further on. For now we can say that rather than stick to the spells, grimoires, rituals, ceremonies, and symbols of traditional magic, it prefers a “do- it-yourself” creative approach that favors the magician’s personal initiative and imagination, his ability, that is, to make it up as he goes along. Rather than fuss over wands and bells and incense, and getting the name of that particular demon just right, the chaos magician uses whatever is at hand. For today’s chaos magician, this means the memes that are propagated across the internet. For chaos magicians and many other contemporary occultists, the internet serves the same purpose that the “astral plane” does for traditional magicians, as a kind of psychic ether that can transmit their willed intentions. Meme magic happens when something created on the internet bleeds into the “real world” and changes it. In effect it is a kind of induced “synchronicity,” the psychologist C. G. Jung’s term for the phenomenon of “meaningful coincidence,” when what is happening in our inner world happens in our outer one too, without any apparent causal relation. If you substitute “internet” for “inner world” you can see the connection. When it comes to the alt-right “magicians” who willed and dreamed Trump into the White House, the meme in question is a frog who goes by the name of Pepe. This may sound a bit confusing, but then the magick we are considering is interested in chaos after all. • • •
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