darfur in perspective - European Sudanese Public Affairs Council

288 Pages·2006·1.4 MB·English

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ARFUR IN ERSPECTIVE
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Darfur in Perspective
DR DAVID HOILE
European-Sudanese
Public Affairs Council
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First Published March 2005 by
The European-Sudanese Public Affairs Council
1 Northumberland Avenue
London WC2N 5BW
Second, revised edition published January 2006
Telephone: [phone]
Telefax: 020 7753 2848
E-mail: [email protected]
website: www.espac.org
Copyright © David Hoile 2005
The moral right of David Hoile to be identified as the author or this work
has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright Designs and Patents Act
1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the
prior permission in writing of the author, or as expressly permitted by law,
or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights
organisation.
ISBN 1-903545-40-4
Printed and bound by T J International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall, UK
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C
ONTENTS
Map of Sudan showing Darfur vii
Map of Sudan viii
Abbreviations ix
Introduction 1
Chapter One The Causes of the Darfur Crisis 11
Chapter Two The Darfur Peace Process 32
Chapter Three Humanitarian Aid Access in Darfur 79
Chapter Four Allegations of Genocide in Darfur 97
Chapter Five The “Janjaweed” and Darfur 115
Chapter Six The Media, Sensationalism and Irresponsibility 128
Chapter Seven Darfur, Human Rights and Hypocrisy 153
Chapter Eight The Darfur Road-map 173
Appendix One Declaration of Principles for the Resolution of the
Sudanese Conflict In Darfur 180
Appendix Two The April 2005 Ndjamena Humanitarian Ceasefire
Agreement on the Conflict in Darfur 183
Appendix Three The May 2004 Agreement with the Sudanese Parties on
the Modalities for the Establishment of the Ceasefire
Commission and the Deployment ofObservers in the
Darfur 187
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Darfur in Perspective
Appendix Four Protocol between the Government of the Sudan (GOS),
the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A)
and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) on the
Enhancement of the Security Situation in Darfur in
Accordancewith the N’djamena Agreement 192
Appendix Five Protocol Between The Government of the Sudan
(GOS), the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army
(SLM/A) and the Justice and Equality Movement
(JEM) on the Improvement of the Humanitarian
Situation in Darfur 197
Appendix Six Joint Communique between the Government of
Sudan and the United Nations on the Occasion of the
Visit of the Secretary General to Sudan 202
Appendix Seven Government Legislative Measures On Darfur 205
Appendix Eight Joint Communique from the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and the Ministry of Humanitarian Affairs
on the Facilitation of Humanitarian Access to
Darfur 207
Appendix Nine The Sudan Government Vision for a Peaceful
Solution in Darfur 209
Bibliography 215
Notes 217
Index 271
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Map of Sudan showing Darfur
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Map of Sudan
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A
BBREVIATIONS
AU African Union
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
CNN Cable Network News
DOP Declaration of Principles
ECHO European Union Aid Office
EU European Union
GOAL Irish Humanitarian Organisation
GOS Government of Sudan
HAC Humanitarian Aid Commission
ICG International Crisis Group
IDP Internally Displaced Person
JEM Justice and Equality Movement
JIM Joint Implementation Mechanism
MSF Médecins sans Frontières
NCP National Congress Party
NIF National Islamic Front
NMRD National Movement for Reform and Development
OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
OLS Operation Lifeline Sudan
PANA Pan African News Agency
PC Popular Congress
PDF Popular Defence Force
SLA Sudan Liberation Army
SLM Sudan Liberation Movement
SMC Sudan Media Center
SNMEM Sudan National Movement for the Eradication of
Marginalisation
SPLA Sudan People’s Liberation Army
SUNA Sudan News Agency
UN United Nations
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
USAID United States Agency for International Development
WFP World Food Programme
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A A
BOUT THE UTHOR
Dr David Hoile is a public affairs consultant specialising in African affairs. He
has studied Sudanese affairs for ten years and is the author of Images of Sudan:
Case Studies in Propaganda and Misrepresentation (2003) and Farce Majeure:
The Clinton Administration’s Sudan Policy 1993-2000 (2000) and editor of The
Search for Peace in the Sudan: A Chronology of the Sudanese Peace Process 1989-
2001 (2002). He is the author or editor of a number of other publications on
African affairs, including Mozambique A Nation in Crisis (1989) and Mozambique,
Resistance and Freedom: A Case for Reassessment (1994). Dr Hoile is also a
Research Professor at the University of Nyala in Darfur, and a Visiting
Professor at the Institute of African-Asian Studies and the Department of
Political Science at the University of Khartoum.
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