Danger Cave: Anthropological Papers Number 27 (University of Utah Anthropological Paper)

785 Pages·1999·16.86 MB·English

by  Jessie D Jennings

Danger Cave University of Utah. Dept. of
title: Anthropology. Anthropological Papers, No.
27
author: Jennings, Jesse David.
publisher: University of Utah Press
isbn10 | asin: 0874806127
print isbn13: 9780874806120
ebook isbn13: 9780585164960
language: English
Utah--Antiquities, Nevada--Antiquities,
subject Caves--Utah, Indians of North America--
Antiquities.
publication date: 1957
lcc: E51.U8 no. 27eb
ddc: 344.094
Utah--Antiquities, Nevada--Antiquities,
subject: Caves--Utah, Indians of North America--
Antiquities.
Antiquities.
Page i
Danger Cave
Page ii
University of Utah Anthropological Papers
Page iii
Number 27 1957
Danger Cave
Jesse D.Jennings
With a chapter on textiles by Sara Sue Rudy and six appendices by
Charles B. Hunt and Roger B. Morrison, Charles C. Sperry, Robert L.
Fonner, Morris F. Skinner, Jesse D. Jennings, and Carma Lee
Smithson
The University of Utah Press
Salt Lake City
Page iv
Advisory Board for the University of Utah Anthropological Papers:
James O'Connell and Duncan Metcalfe
© 1999 by the University of Utah Press
Originally published in 1957
All rights reserved
1999 00 01 02 03 04 05 06
5 4 3 2
Page v
PREFACE
With the opening words of this volume, I wish to acknowledge my
debts.
Archeological field work is not possible without financial support and
an opportunity for study. This support and research leisure both were
made available to me at the University of Utah. Hence I first mention
the benign administrative atmosphere and encouragement provided by
the administration of the University in the persons of: A. Ray Olpin,
President; Jacob Geerlings, Dean of Faculty; O. Meredith Wilson, E.
Adamson Hoebel and Sterling McMurrin, successively Deans of the
University College from 1948 through 1955; and Homer Durham,
Academic Vice-President. And other administrative departmentsthe
offices of the Secretary and Controller, of the Purchasing Department,
and of Buildings and Groundshave without fail given me prompt and
friendly and understanding help each time I innocently ignored red
tape or called upon their special knowledge or resources. To all the
personnel of the University of Utah Press I especially offer my thanks
for their patience and assistance during the printing of this paper.
Entirely in the field and often in the laboratory, I relied upon the skills
of students; digging, recording, mapping, photography, cleaning and
numbering specimens, and onerous camp chores were all performed
by graduate and undergraduate students presumably in training. It is
the primary labor then of the following students which is here
reported: Gottfried O. Lang who supervised the excavations at Danger
Cave and served as camp manager in 1949; William Blair who
supervised the excavations at Juke Box in 1949 and at Danger Cave in
1950; Jack R Rudy who supervised the 1951 work at Danger Cave;
Dee C. Taylor who supervised at Danger Cave in 1953; Robert
Stirland who supervised the excavating of Raven Cave in 1949 and
assisted with mapping; Sara Price Rudy who was present as a
surveyor and mapper in 1949, as a supervisory assistant in 1950 and
as photographer in 1951; later, in the laboratory she made the analysis
of textile materials which are herein reported separately; Elaine
Bluhm, who in 1950 was in charge of surveying and mapping, and
camp management; Charles Burnett who did field photography in
1949, and in 1952 did some of the laboratory photographs and many
of the line drawings used in this report.
Dee Taylor gave volunteer assistance with the milling stones; David
Dibble and Carma Lee Smithson assisted, both as volunteers and as
paid assistants, in many tedious phases of the analysis of Danger Cave
specimens.
In addition to the graduate students mentioned above the following
students were regularly enrolled members of the full summer field
session and made up the excavating crew: 1949, John Eames, Leon
Sinder, Lois Snyder, Jeanne Snow; for shorter periods Carma Lee
Smithson, Ray Dangerfield and Bart Hoebel gave volunteer labor;
Frederick Hicks, James Oliver, Maurice Loomis, Robert Lucas and
Kent Day made up the excavating crew for 1950, while John L.
Eames and William K. Crane assisted for a short period; the
excavating crew for 1951 consisted of Lois Segler and Robert Zeigen;
that for 1953 of Katharine Toda, Thomas Kawakama and Peter
Griffiths.
John Buettner-Janusch and James H. Gunnerson photographed some
of the artifacts; Prof. Clifton Bryner drafted the tables and most of the
maps.
During the hours I studied notes and sorted specimens, my University
of Utah colleagues in anthropologyE. Adamson Hoebel (first as
chairman of the department, and later as Dean of the University
College), Charles E. Dibble, Elmer R. Smith, James H. Gunnerson
and Edward Norbeckshowed endless interest. Smith, moreover, had
sampled some of the caves in the Wendover area, and is therefore in a
real sense responsible for the entire project. His generosity with notes
and other data must here be specifically mentioned. Robert Anderson,
editor of The University of Utah Anthropological Papers, has given
many helpful suggestions during the preparation of the final draft of
this paper.
To my professional colleagues in other places whose knowledge of
the problems dealt with in various sections exceeds my own, Alex
Krieger, Erik Reed, Robert Heizer, Luther Cressman, Emil Haury,
James Griffin, Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., F. A. Riddell and others, I am
indebted for information and assistance. To Robert Fonner I am
indebted for ethnobotanical data, and to Charles Sperry for
ethnofaunal identifications.
The contents of this volume are greatly enhanced and its overall
significance greatly extended by the contributions of colleagues and
Page vi
friends in other fields of science: To Professor Walter P. Cottam of
the University of Utah I am indebted for identification of thousands of
ethnobotanical specimens; to Norman Williams who identified the
lithic materials; to Stephen Durrant, who not only supervised John L.
Eames in his identification of animal remains, but personally made
many identifications as well. To Norman Williams and Daniel Jones
of the University of Utah, Charles B. Hunt, Roger Morrison, Research
Division, United States Geological Survey, and Ernst Antevs, I owe
my education in Pleistocene geology. To Willard F. Libby and H. R.
Crane I am indebted for the dates derived from radiocarbon specimens
which are so important in this report.
To the many other friends who assisted or encouraged in one way or
another I am grateful but I especially want to mention the continuing
friendship of company officials and employees of the Bonneville
Limited, Inc., a potash firm operating in Wendover, Utah. Lockwood
Ferris, general superintendent, and the late Blair Lamus, plant
superintendent, are especially to be mentioned. Mr. Lamus gave
unstintingly of his great wisdom and experience. He participated
actively in some of our discussions regarding the significance of the
phenomena we encountered. He lent us everything from draglines to
dynamite caps and in every way he sponsored our work in the
community. The day-to-day enjoyment of time spent in field work
during the Wendover program is due as much to Mr. Lamus and his
family as to any other factor. I re-enjoy our times together as I
mention here his continuing support. Greatly do I regret that he cannot
see this volume.
To conclude this section I mention the greatest debt of all. I
acknowledge, with pleasure, the assistance my wife, Jane Chase
Jennings, has given at all stages of the preparation of this report. Her
skill and patience in proof and copy reading, and her interest in the
entire effort make the finished version as much her work as mine.