Daily Life During World War I PDF
Preview Daily Life During World War I
DAILY LIFE DURING WORLD WAR I NEIL M.HEYMAN GREENWOOD PRESS DAILY LIFE DURING WORLD WAR I The GreenwoodPress “DailyLife ThroughHistory”Series The Age of Sail The Inca Empire Dorothy Denneen Voloand James M. Michael A. Malpass Volo Maya Civilization The AncientEgyptians Robert J. Sharer Bob Brier and Hoyt Hobbs MedievalEurope The AncientGreeks Jeffrey L. Singman Robert Garland The NineteenthCenturyAmerican AncientMesopotamia Frontier Karen Rhea Nemet-Nejat Mary Ellen Jones The AncientRomans RenaissanceItaly David Matz ElizabethS. Cohen and ThomasV. Cohen The Aztecs: People of the Sun and The SpanishInquisition Earth James M. Anderson Dav´ıd Carrascowith ScottSessions TraditionalChina: The Tang Dynasty Chaucer’sEngland Charles Benn Jeffrey L. Singman and Will McLean The UnitedStates, 1920–1939: Civil War America Decades of Promiseand Pain Dorothy Denneen Voloand James M. David E. Kyvig Volo The UnitedStates, 1940–1959: Shifting ColonialNew England Worlds Claudia Durst Johnson Eugenia Kaledin Early ModernJapan The UnitedStates, 1960–1990: Louis G. Perez Decades of Discord Myron A. Marty 18th-CenturyEngland Kirstin Olsen VictorianEngland Sally Mitchell ElizabethanEngland Jeffrey L. Singman The Holocaust Eve Nussbaum Soumerai and Carol D. Schulz DAILY LIFE DURING WORLD WAR I NEIL M.HEYMAN The Greenwood Press “Daily Life Through History” Series GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Heyman,NeilM. DailylifeduringWorldWarI / NeilM.Heyman. p. cm.—(TheGreenwoodPress“Dailylifethroughhistory”series,ISSN1080–4749) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN0–313–31500–0(alk.paper) 1. WorldWar,1914–1918—Socialaspects. I. Title. II. Series. D521.H427 2002 940.3—dc21 2001058341 BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataisavailable. Copyright(cid:1)2002byNeilM.Heyman Allrightsreserved.Noportionofthisbookmaybe reproduced,byanyprocessortechnique,withoutthe expresswrittenconsentofthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:2001058341 ISBN:0–313–31500–0 ISSN:1080–4749 Firstpublishedin2002 GreenwoodPress,88PostRoadWest,Westport,CT06881 AnimprintofGreenwoodPublishingGroup,Inc. www.greenwood.com PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica TM Thepaperusedinthisbookcomplieswiththe PermanentPaperStandardissuedbytheNational InformationStandardsOrganization(Z39.48–1984). 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Professor Alvin Coox (1924–1999) Contents Acknowledgments ix Chronology of Events xi Introduction 1 Part I: The Military World 9 1. Recruitment and Training 11 2. Equipment and Rations 27 3. Trench Life 41 4. The Experience of Battle 57 5. The Sea and Air War 77 6. Casualties and Medical Care 95 7. Women and the Military 119 8. Prisoners of War 135 Part II: The Civilian World 153 9. The Home Front 155 10. Civilian Hardships 175 viii Contents 11. Food 195 12. Women at Home 211 Part III: Results and the War’s End 233 13. Bereavement 235 14. The Armistice and Demobilization 253 Selected Bibliography 265 Index 275 Acknowledgments The topic of World War I is both fascinating and forbidding. The study of its social aspects is particularly complex as well as emotionally en- gaging. The author wishes to express his thanks for the help he has received in his effort to examine that challenging topic. The College of Arts and Letters of San Diego State Universitygranted me several leaves to pursue my research and writing and also provided me with the funds needed for essential travel. Professor JoanneFerraro, my friend and colleague in the Department of History, has given in- valuable advice and support throughout the project. An equally helpful friend, Larry Laufer, M.D., aided me with generous advice in coping with the medical issues raised by a study of life during World War I. In my search for appropriate photographs, I received copious assis- tance at the Hoover Library Archives from Mr. Remy Squires. Mr. Ian Small of the Commonwealth War Graves Commission helped me in the same endeavor and from a much greater distance. My thanks go as well to my editor, Barbara Rader, who has provided the ideal mixture of enthusiasm, curiosity, and informed criticism.And, as always, the deepest thanks to Brenda, Mark, and David. The historical profession has many talented and energetic members. Some are also generousinencouragingandpromotingtheworkoftheir younger colleagues. Professor Alvin Coox, a member of my department at San Diego State University and a distinguished scholar in Japanese militaryhistory,exemplifiedthatkindofgenerosity.Idedicatethisbook to him in fond remembrance.
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