Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates PDF
Preview Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates
Cytology Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates FOURTH EDITION Edmund S. Cibas, MD Professor of Pathology, Harvard Medical School Director of Cytopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Barbara S. Ducatman, MD Professor and Chair, Department of Pathology Director, West Virginia University National Center of Excellence for Women’s Health Associate Dean for Faculty Services, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia Table of Contents Instructions for online access Cover image Title page Copyright Dedication Contributors Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1: Cervical and Vaginal Cytology History of the Papanicolaou Test and Its Current Practice Sampling and Preparation Methods Automated Screening Accuracy and Reproducibility Diagnostic Terminology and Reporting Systems The Bethesda System The Normal Pap Organisms and Infections Benign and Reactive Changes Vaginal Specimens in “DES Daughters” Squamous Abnormalities Glandular Abnormalities Other Malignant Neoplasms Endometrial Cells in Women Older than 40 Years of Age Chapter 2: Respiratory Tract and Mediastinum Normal Anatomy, Histology, and Cytology of the Respiratory Tract Sampling Techniques, Preparation Methods, Reporting Terminology, and Accuracy Molecular Testing of Lung Cancers Benign Cellular Changes Noncellular Elements and Specimen Contaminants Infections Nonneoplastic, Noninfectious Pulmonary Diseases Benign Neoplasms of the Lung Precursor Lesions of the Respiratory Epithelium Lung Cancer Uncommon Pulmonary Tumors Metastatic Cancers to the Lung Tumors of the Mediastinum Chapter 3: Urine and Bladder Washings Specimen Collection Processing Reporting Terminology and Adequacy Criteria Accuracy Normal Elements Benign Lesions Urothelial Neoplasms Other Malignant Lesions Diagnosing Difficult or Borderline Specimens: Common Patterns Ancillary Techniques Summary Chapter 4: Pleural, Pericardial, and Peritoneal Fluids Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Reporting Terminology Accuracy Benign Elements NonNeoplastic Conditions Eosinophilic Effusions Malignant Effusions Chapter 5: Peritoneal Washings Specimen Collection, Preparation, and Reporting Terminology Accuracy The Normal Peritoneal Washing Benign Conditions Malignant Tumors Monitoring Response to Treatment (‘Second-Look Procedures’) Chapter 6: Cerebrospinal Fluid Anatomy and Physiology Obtaining and Preparing the Specimen Reporting Terminology Accuracy Normal Elements Abnormal Inflammatory Cells NonNeoplastic Disorders Neoplasms Chapter 7: Gastrointestinal Tract Clinical Indications Sample Collection and Processing Accuracy Review of Morphologic Findings Esophagus Stomach Duodenum Colon The Anal Pap Test Chapter 8: Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Technique and Specimen Handling Introduction Materials and Supplies Procedure for Performing a Fine-Needle Aspiration of a Palpable Mass Preparing the Sample Post-Procedure Information for the Patient Variations on Biopsy Technique Complications Management of Adverse and Unexpected Events Acknowledgements Chapter 9: Breast Specimen Types Reporting Terminology Evaluation of the Specimen The Normal Breast Benign Conditions Papillary Neoplasms Phyllodes Tumor Breast Cancer Uncommon Breast Tumors Metastatic Tumors Chapter 10: Thyroid Aspiration Technique and Slide Preparation Terminology for Reporting Results Accuracy Ancillary Molecular Testing Evaluation of the Specimen Benign Conditions Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm, Hürthle Cell Type Malignant Conditions Atypia of Undetermined Significance (or Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance) Parathyroid Tumors Chapter 11: Salivary Gland Rationale, Indications, and Technical Considerations Diagnostic Overview The Normal Aspirate NonNeoplastic Conditions Benign Neoplasms Carcinomas of Salivary Gland Origin Rare Malignant Neoplasms Other Malignancies Miscellaneous Chapter 12: Lymph Nodes Technical Aspects Reporting Terminology and Accuracy Ancillary Studies NonNeoplastic Lesions Neoplasms Chapter 13: Liver The Normal Liver Infections Benign Lesions Malignant Tumors Chapter 14: Pancreas and Biliary Tree Indications Sampling Techniques Complications Rapid On-Site Evaluation Sample Preparation and Cyst Fluid Analysis Accuracy and Limitations Reporting Terminology Normal Pancreas and Bile Duct Pancreatitis and Reactive Changes Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Ductal Adenocarcinoma Variants of Ductal Adenocarcinoma Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Acinar Cell Carcinoma Solid-Pseudopapillary Neoplasm Pancreatoblastoma Pancreatic Cysts Secondary Pancreatic Neoplasms and Ectopic Splenic Tissue Chapter 15: Kidney and Adrenal Gland The Kidney The Adrenal Gland Chapter 16: Ovary Obtaining the Specimen Preparing the Specimen and Reporting Results Accuracy Benign Tumorlike Lesions of the Ovary Benign Surface Epithelial-Stromal Tumors Malignant Surface Epithelial-Stromal Tumors Germ Cell Tumors Sex Cord–Stromal Tumors Uncommon Primary Ovarian Tumors Metastatic Tumors Chapter 17: Soft Tissue Specimen Collection and Preparation Ancillary Studies Reporting Terminology Adipocytic and Lipogenic Neoplasms Myxoid Neoplasms Spindle Cell Neoplasms So-Called Fibrohistiocytic Neoplasms Round Cell Neoplasms Epithelioid Neoplasms Pleomorphic Neoplasms
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