Cycling and Motorcycling Tourism: An Analysis of Physical, Sensory, Social, and Emotional Features of Journey Experiences PDF
Preview Cycling and Motorcycling Tourism: An Analysis of Physical, Sensory, Social, and Emotional Features of Journey Experiences
Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management Anna Scuttari Cycling and Motorcycling Tourism An Analysis of Physical, Sensory, Social, and Emotional Features of Journey Experiences Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management This book series covers all topics relevant in the tourism, hospitality and event industries.Itincludesdestinationmanagementandrelatedaspectsofthetraveland mobility industries as well as effects from developments in the information and communication technologies. “Tourism, Hospitality & Event Management” embraces books both for professionals and scholars, and explicitly includes undergraduate and advanced texts for students. In this setting the book series reflects the close connection between research, teaching and practice in tourism research and tourism management and the related fields. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15444 Anna Scuttari Cycling and Motorcycling Tourism An Analysis of Physical, Sensory, Social, and Emotional Features of Journey Experiences 123 Anna Scuttari Eurac Research Bolzano, Italy ISSN 2510-4993 ISSN 2510-5000 (electronic) Tourism, Hospitality& EventManagement ISBN978-3-030-17696-9 ISBN978-3-030-17697-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17697-6 ©SpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2019 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission orinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfrom therelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremainsneutralwithregard tojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Foreword Although the experience economy paradigm was hugely inspired by tourism practice, the analysis and design of tourist experiences in destination contexts has only recently been developed in tourism research. The spread of innovative and often, digital methods to analyse, track, monitor and ultimately, design tourists’ actions, interactions and emotions in a time–space context has enabled this tran- sition, opening up the new field of design science and new avenues for tourism research. The doctoral thesis of Anna Scuttari represents a valuable attempt to measuretheunmeasurable,toaddresstheconnectionbetweenthephysicalelements of tourist destinations and the individual sensory and emotional perceptions of tourists. This work sets a milestone in experience analysis, both from a theoretical and a methodological point of view. AnnaScuttaridevelopstheanalysisbyassessingparticulartypesofexperiences that have been underexplored in the previous research: journey experiences. Thereby, she indirectly addresses the affective value of space as it is constructed and mediated by speed, which is a crucial aspect of the experience journey. The study of journey experiences is framed within a new and interdisciplinary inter- pretation of the destination space: the mobility space. By developing this frame- work, Anna Scuttari manages to link four disciplinary fields: mobilities, transport geography, experience economy and affective science. Although sharing common features, these fields were not theoretically and empirically integrated in the pre- vious tourism literature. The mobility space is defined as a perceptual space—as a stagewherejourneyperformancesareco-created,inasortofdialoguebetweenthe human and non-human elements. Hence, the topographical space is shaped, in a Lefevbrian flavour, by the tourism practices in motion and vice versa; experiences areguidedbythe‘spatialfix’ofthedestination.Thisenlighteningframeworkisnot only theorised, but also measured using innovative tools for affect and mobility analysis. Methodological assemblages of different techniques are generated throughout this dissertation, using mobile methods as a starting point to develop mobile sensory methods. v vi Foreword Mobilitytherebybecomesaframeandafilterforthedestination,definingspace boundaries and travel affect, butalso shaping thepotential actions oftourists. This is the core value of this book: it interprets mobility not only as displacement, but also as interactive place-making and experience-making processes. Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany Prof. Dr. Harald Pechlaner Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt Acknowledgements Iwouldlike toexpressmydeepest appreciation toallthose who have advisedand helped me on my long dissertation journey, and particularly to my supervisor, Prof.HaraldPechlaner,whobelievedinmemorethanIdidatthebeginningofthe journey, and supported me in making important thematic and methodological choices along the way that helped me to complete my research. Without his guidance, trust and help, this dissertation would not have been possible. I would also like to thank my co-supervisor, Prof. Anita Zehrer for supporting me in the identification of the methodological framework that I needed to choose in order to taketherightdirectionintheanalyticalphaseofthework.Bothwerecrucialinthe researchdesignandfortheinnovativenessoftheresults.Iamalsoverygratefulto Prof. Bernard Lane, who read first drafts of the thesis and supported me with his immense expertise on sustainable tourism during the delicate writing phase of the journey,when theworkhadtoturnintoforeign(English) words.Youradvice was precious. Specialthanksgotomyfamilyfortheirwisecounselandsympatheticears.You wereandarealwaysthereformeandyouwerethebesttravelcompanionsIcould ever have. Thank you to my father and mother, Marco and Paola, my partner Domenico and his children Gabriel and Asya, and to my cousin Carol and all the othermembersofmyfamilyfortheirsilentandconstantsupport.Thankyoualsoto my wonderful friends: Simona, Mara, Elsa and Arianna. There were also several (partly unexpected, but enlightening) travel encounters along mydissertationjourney.TheEuracResearch teaminBolzano andthePh.D. candidates’ team in Eichstätt and Ingolstadt were wonderful travel mates, sharing momentsof excitementand discomfort,always ina sense ofbelonging,more than the competition. Special thanks go to Gerhard Vanzi, Alberto Scotti, Peter Laner, Ingrid Kofler, Marika Gon, Anja Marcher, Michael Volgger and all the other team membersfortheirsupportalongtheway.Iwouldalsoliketothanktheindividuals and organisations that helped me in finding technical solutions for the data col- lectionphase.IthanktheSHORETMteamoftheFraunhoferInstituteforIntegrated CircuitsIISfor thepossibilitytousethefacialrecognitionsoftware SHORETMfor vii viii Acknowledgements my research purposes; I am grateful to the Get on Studio team, for suggestions on how to extract raw data from the add-on tool; I would also like to mention Prof. Caroline Scarles of the School of Hospitality and Tourism of the University of Surrey, Dr. Elaine Yang of the Griffith Institute For Tourism and Prof. Mads Bødker of the Copenhagen Business School for their suggestions on video and sensordataanalysisandonthecreationofpersonas;andfinally,theteamatthebike rentals‘Dolomitiadventures’and‘Specialised’,aswellasthedirectorsofthehotels ‘HotelMelodiadelBosco’inBadiaValleyand‘HotelMesdì’inFodomValleyfor supporting the recruitment phase. Last,butnotleast,Iacknowledgethepatienceandenthusiasmofalltheresearch participants, who were fascinated by the research topic and willing to dedicate to me their travel time. Without their journeys, my journey could not have existed. Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Context and Rationale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1.1 Theoretical Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Research Aims and Research Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3 Research Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.4 Thesis Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2 Tourist Mobility as an Experience Maker: Understanding the Blank Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2.2 Tourist Mobility and Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2.2.1 On Site: Transport Geography and the Tourist Transport System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.2.2 On the Move: The New Mobilities Geography . . . . . . . . . 25 2.3 Tourist Experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.3.1 In a Harmony: The Orchestra Model of Tourist Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2.3.2 On the Stage: The Experience Economy and Its Implications for Tourism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.4 Emotions in Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.4.1 Inside Out: Affective Science and Its Application to Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 2.5 Mobile Journey Experiences: An Interdisciplinary Framework. . . . 52 2.5.1 Mobile Journey Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 2.5.2 The Mobility Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 2.6 Chapter Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 ix
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