Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook. F. and Thoms., Viola betonicifolia J.E. Smith and Tephrosia candida (Roxb.) DC: New records for Andhra Pradesh

2 Pages·1991·1.3 MB·

by  T Pullaiah

464 JOURNAL, BOMBAYNATURALHIST. SOCIETY, Vol. 88
33. CYCLEA PELTATA (LAM.) HOOK. F. AND THOMS., —
VIOLA BETONICIFOLIA SMITH AND TEPHROSIA CANDIDA (ROXB.) DC.
J.E.
NEW RECORDS FOR ANDHRA PRADESH
Duringthefloristicsurvey ofAndhraPradesh,we 3.5-6 x 1.5-2.2 cm, glabrous, base hastate, margin
have collected three plants which, on critical crenate to serrate,tipslightly obtuse oracute.Peduncle
examination, have been identified as Cyclea peltata 12-15 cm long; bracteoles 2, near the middle peduncle
&
(Lam.) Hook. f. Thoms., Viola betonicifolia J.E. or above it. Flowers white with pinkstriations; calyx 3
Smith and Tephrosia Candida (Roxb.) DC. The mm,sepals5,lanceolate,petals5, violet,upperpair 1.2
occurrence ofthesetaxafromVisakhapatnamdistrictis x 0.5 cm; lateral pair 1.3 x 0.5 cm; lower one (lip) 1.5
recorded here as new additions to the flora ofAndhra x 0.5 cm, apex obtuse, ovary oblong or ovoid, style
Pradesh. The citation, detailed description and truncate; stigma terminal, faintly 3-lobed, capsule 8x4
distribution is given here for their easy identification. cm.
ThespecimenshavebeendepositedintheHerbariumof Rare inhills ofVisakhapatnam district.
the Department of Botany, Sri Krishnadevaraya Flowers and fruits: July-Dee.
University. Anjodigadda (Visakhapatnam district) TP & EC
1431.
MENISPERMACEAE
S.P. Banerjee and B.B. Pramanik in their
&
Cycleapeltata (Lam.) Hook.f. Thoms. FI. Ind. ‘FasciclesofFloraofIndia,fascicleno. 12onViolaceae
&
201. 1855 inFBI 1: 101. 1872.p.p. Gamble 1:31(22). did not report its occurrence from Andhra Pradesh.
1915. Menispermum peltatum Lam. Encycl. 4: 96. Gamble (1915) reported its occurrence from
&
1797. Cyclea burmanii Hook. f. Thomas. FI. Ind. Mahendragiri hill in Orissa. There is not even a single
201. 1855 & FBI 1: 104. 1872. sheet either in MH, CALorDD fromAndhra Pradesh.
Twiningpubescentherbs. Leaves cordate, 6-11 x So it is considered as a new report to the state.
4-7 cm, coriaceous, 5-7-nerved, base truncate, margin
Fabaceae
entire, apex acuminate. Inflorescence a panicle,
axillary,male flowersregular,female flowersirregular. Tephrosia Candida (Roxb.) DC. Prodr. 2: 249.
Drupe obovoid, style scar sub-basal. 1825;FBI2: 111. 1876.Robinia CandidaRoxb.FI.Ind.
Rare in deciduous forests in Visakhapatnam 3: 327. 1832. (Fig. 1).
district. Erect shrubs with grooved woolly branches,
Flowei*s and fruits: Jan.-April. leaves upto 15 cm, leaflets 8-13 pairs, oblong-elliptic,
Araku valley (Visakhapatnam district), TP&EC 5-8 x 1 cm, chartaceous, rusty above, woolly below,
7337. basecuneate,marginentire,apexobtuse.Flowersredor
Gamble (1915) reported its occurrence in the white, 15-30 cm long, axillary, pseudoracemes or
Western Ghats, hills of Mysore and North Arcot. Its pseudopanicles. Pod linear, 6.5 x 0.8 cm, woolly,
occurrence in Visakhapatnam district in Andhra continuous within, apex slightly curved; seeds
Pradesh extends its distribution to the Eastern Ghats ellipsoid, compressed, 2.5 mm,
also. Rare in deciduous forests of Visakhapatnam
district.
VIOLACEAE
Flowers and fruits: June - September.
ViolabetonicifoliaJE.SmithinRees,Cyclop.37. Anjodigadda-Araku (Visakhapatnam district, TP
n.7. 1817.ssp.betonicifoliaJacobs&MooreinSteenis, &EC 7437.
FI. Malesiana ser. 1. 7: 203. 1972. Violapatrinii DC. Gamble (1915) has not reported this taxon from
var. napaulensisDC. prodr. 1:293. 1824. Violapatrinii Madras Presidency. It has been reported subsequently
auct. non Ging. 1824; FBI 1: 183. 1872; Gamble 1: 48 fromTamilNadu (NairandHenry 1983)andKarnataka
(35). 1915. (Saldanha 1984). The present report extends the
Herbs,upto 10 cm, rootstockwoody; stolons nil. distribution of this species northwards to Andhra
Stipules nearly entire, 7.5 mm; petiole 4-9 cm long, Pradesh also.
winged;blade longerthanbroad, oblongorlanceolate,
—
MISCELLANEOUSNOTES 465
References
Gamble, J.S. & Fischer, C.E.S. (1915-1935): Flora of the Saldanha,CJ.(1984):FloraofKarnataka.NewDelhi.
PresidencyofMadras(Repr.ed.1957).Calcutta.
Nair, N.C &Henry,A.N.(1983): Flora ofTamilNadu,India. X PUTTATAH
CHENNAIAH
SeriesI:Analysis.Coimbatore. January 30, 1991 E.
—
STYLIDIUM TENELLUM SWARTZ (STYLEDIACEAE)
34.
A NEW RECORD FOR SOUTH INDIA
The family Stylidiaceae is very closely related to floristic explorations in Tumkur district, Karnataka,
Campanulaceae and Lobeliaceae (Backer and Brink since 1985.The descriptionoftheplantisgivenbelow:
1963-65) and is ofspecial phyletic interest because of Stylidium tenellum Sw. Mag. Ges. Naturf. Fr.
the peculiar gynostemium. Its members are Berlin 1: 51. t. 2 + 3, 1807 (non R. Br. 1810); Hook. f.
distinguished from other related families by reduction F.B.I. 3: 420, 1885; Mildbraed, Pfreich. 35: 35. 1908;
in stamen number, adnation ofthe stamen to style and Ridley, FI. Malay peninsula 2: 197. 1923; Haines,
&
the extrorse anthers. The family has five genera with Botany ofBihar Orissa part iv, 499. 1921-24; Sloot.
New
about 150 species in tropical Asia, Australia, FI. Males, ser. 1. 4: 530. 1954; Babu, Herb. FI. Dehra
Zealand and temperate South America. The genus Dun, p. 291. 1977.
Stylidium Swartz (1805) was conserved over Very small slender herb, glabrous, branched,
CandolleaLabill (1805) andsincethisisthetypegenus branches filiform, stems darkbrown or copperbrown;
ofthe family, the name ofthe latter was changed from leaves mostly basal, alternate, basal leaves mostly
Candoleaceae to Stylidiaceae (Lawrence 1951). If spathulate or linear or ovate, 3-nerved, nerves visible
DonatiaForst.ofwhichthesystematicpositionisnotat only on the upper surface; flowers solitary, minute,
all clear is included, four genera are confined to sessile in the axils of leafy bracts, zygomorphic,
New
Australia, Tasmania, Zealand and Magellan epigynous; base of the flower glandular; sepals 5,
region ofSouth America. Stylidium is almost entirely linear, subequal, rotately spreading, persistent in the
Australian but a few species occur in Malaysia, Sri fruits, lower lobes fused to 1/4 length; corolla strongly
Lanka and continental Asia (Hooker 1885). IWo bilabiate, two of them prominent and ray-like, lobes
species of Stylidium very similar to certain intra- divided, corolla tube minute; stamens 2, filaments
,
tropicalones,werefoundbyKoenig S.uliginosumin united into a column, column slightly bent to one side,
Sri Lanka and S. tenellum in Malacca. Two additional anther lobes 4, all equal, syngenaceous, stigma hairy;
species are encountered in Dr WalliclTs Catalogue, S. ovary inferior, well developed; capsule linear,
wightianum from peninsular India andS. kunthii from elongating in fruit, dehiscing along longitudinal
Khasihills, Silhet,showingasinmany otherinstances, sutures; seeds powdery, minute, surface light brown,
thespreadingofspeciesintocongenialclimatesbeyond smooth, more or less angled.
what at first appeared the natural limits of an order Coll.: V. Bhaskar and C.G. Kushalappa 1944, 20
(Royle 1970, Kanjilal 1939). October 1986; 2079a, 10 December 1987,
AccordingtoBabu (1977)therearetwospeciesof Devarayanadurga,Tumkurdist.,Karnataka (Figs. 1and
Stylidium(S. tenellumSw.andS'.kunthiiWaW.)inIndia, 2).
confined to eastern India with one extending to Thisdelicateherb occursinmoistgrassyplacesat
sub-Himalayan tracts. Babu (loc. cit.) has collected S. thefootofthehill duringrainyseason.Theplantsareso
tenellumfromgrassylocalitiesinthesalShorearobusta inconspicuous in stature (5-8 cm) that one may miss
forestinRajpurandhasreportedittoberare.Thesetwo them completely or mistake them for most common
specieshave alsobeen reported earlier from Bihar and utricularias. Rotala ilecebroides Lindernia, Bergia
, ,
Orissa (Haines 1921-1924); and S. tenellum var. Canscora diffusa, Xyris Commelina and Eriocaulon
,
minima Clarke from Chhotanagpur (Prain 1963). form the other chiefassociates. However, they may be
We are reportingforthe first time the occurrence distinguished by their copper brown tinged stem, pink
ofS. tenellum from south India and have collected the orrosecoloured flowersandthepeculiargynostemium
specimens from Devarayanadurga while carrying out with 2 stamens connate with style and extrorse anthers