Cyberspaces and Global Affairs PDF
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CyberspaCes and Global affairs This page has been left blank intentionally Cyberspaces and Global affairs Edited by sean s. CostiGan MIT CogNet and The New School, USA and Jake perry Independent scholar © sean s. Costigan and Jake perry 2012 all rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. sean s. Costigan and Jake perry have asserted their right under the Copyright, designs and patents act, 1988, to be identified as the editors of this work. published by ashgate publishing limited ashgate publishing Company Wey Court east suite 420 Union road 101 Cherry street farnham burlington surrey, GU9 7pt Vt 05401-4405 england Usa www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Cyberspaces and global affairs. 1. Cyberspace. 2. international relations--technological innovations. i. Costigan, sean s. ii. perry, Jake. 303.4'833-dc22 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cyberspaces and global affairs / [edited] by sean s. Costigan and Jake perry. p. cm. includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-1-4094-2754-4 (hbk.) -- isbn 978-1-4094-2755-1 (ebook) 1. technology and international relations. 2. internet and international relations. 3. Mass media and international relations. 4. international relations--technological innovations. 5. information technology--political aspects. 6. internet--political aspects. i. Costigan, sean s. ii. perry, Jake. JZ1254.C73 2012 327.0285'4678--dc23 2011024565 isbn 9781409427544 (hbk) isbn 9781409427551 (ebk) IV Contents List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Notes on Contributors xiii Foreword by Kenneth H. Keller xix Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Glossary xxv PART I 1 Cyberwar: A Real and Growing Threat 3 Nat Katin-Borland 2 From an Analog Past to a Digital Future: Information and Communication Technology in Conflict Management 23 Daniel Wehrenfennig 3 Marching Across the Cyber Frontier: Explaining the Global Diffusion of Network-centric Warfare 51 Tim Junio 4 VIEWPOINT: Cyberterrorism: Cyber “Pearl Harbor” is Imminent 75 Emily Molfino 5 VIEWPOINT: Protecting Google. Is an Attack Against Google, an Attack Against the U.S.? 83 Nat Katin-Borland 6 VIEWPOINT: Invisible Threats 93 Jake Perry PART II 7 Web 2.0 and Public Diplomacy 105 Hannes R. Richter 8 Call for Power? Mobile Phones as Facilitators of Political Activism 119 Fabien Miard vi Cyberspaces and Global Affairs 9 ICT Infrastructure in Two Asian Giants: A Comparative Analysis of China and India 145 Venkata Praveen Tanguturi and Fotios C. Harmantzis 10 Information (without) Revolution? Ethnography and the Study of New Media-enabled Change in the Middle East 155 Deborah L. Wheeler 11 The Political History of the Internet: A Theoretical Approach to the Implications for U.S. Power 173 Madeline Carr 12 U.S. Identity, Security, and Governance of the Internet 189 Ryan Kiggins 13 Information and Communications Technologies and Power 203 Jeffrey A. Hart 14 Social Media and Iran’s Post-election Crisis 215 Lida Khalili Gheidary 15 VIEWPOINT: Combating Censorship Should be a Foreign Policy Goal 223 Hannes Steen-Thornhammar 16 VIEWPOINT: An Alternative Perspective on Cyber Anarchy for Policy-makers 233 Eddie Walsh PART III 17 Digital Divide: The Reality of Information Haves and Have-nots 239 Natalya Sverjensky 18 Using ICT Research to Assist Policy-making and Regulation: The Case of Namibia 249 Christoph Stork and Tony Vetter 19 Leveraging Information and Communication Technologies for Global Public Health 265 Shriya Malhotra 20 Knowledge Ecologies in International Affairs: A New Paradigm for Dialog and Collaboration 283 Sean S. Costigan and Chris Pallaris Contents vii 21 Environmental Politics: How Information and Communication Technology have Changed the Debate 293 Erica Dingman 22 VIEWPOINT: Privacy—There is Not Enough and it is Shrinking Fast 309 Hannes Steen-Thornhammar 23 VIEWPOINT: Information Overload: Real and Growing by the Minute 319 Natalya Sverjensky 24 VIEWPOINT: PageRank and Perceptions of Quality 329 David Millman 25 VIEWPOINT: Citizen Change: How Technology and New Media have Turned us all into Digital Freedom Fighters 335 Anthony Lopez 26 VIEWPOINT: Old and New Media: Picket Fences Until the End 351 Sujit Bhar 27 Postscript 365 Sean S. Costigan and Jake Perry Index 369 This page has been left blank intentionally List of Figures 8.1 Internet usage in the world 120 8.2 Growing mobile teledensity levels 121 8.3 Worldwide ICT penetration rates 121 8.4 Annual mobile subscriber growth 122 8.5 Mobile network growth in Africa 123 13.1 The long tail (Pareto distribution) 210 18.1 Interconnection presentation to Minister for ICTs, 13 May 2009 259
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